Transcript Dangerous Drugs PPT

Narcotics
and
NARCOTICS
RECOGNITION
Dangerous Drugs
Agent Aaron Wilkie
Jefferson Parish Sheriff’s Office
Captain Paul Kohles, DDRA
Louisiana Wing
Drug Demand Reduction Program
Captain Paul Kohles, DDRA
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Retired Detective, Forensic Investigator
Crime Scene Investigator
Community Police Detective
Army Combat Veteran
Military Police Investigator.
CLASSES OF DRUGS
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Alcohol
Marijuana
Stimulants
Inhalants
Hallucinogens
Opiates
Depressants
ALCOHOL
The world’s number one psychoactive drug
A social lubricant
Addition to a fine meal
“Demon Rum”
Cause of many traffic accidents/murders and suicides
2/3 of present-day Americans drink alcohol
Alcohol, Marijuana and Tobacco are considered
to be gateway drugs
MARIJUANA
• Active Ingredient = Tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC)
• One marijuana cigarette per day for one year
will require ten years to rid the body of the
THC
Early stages of marijuana growth. After seed sprouts, plant has 4 leaves, two serrated and two
rounded. Under ideal conditions, healthy plant may grow several inches every day
Two types of false containers with screw-on lids available in
paraphernalia stores
METHODS OF USE
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Cigarettes (rolled)
Blunts (cigars)
Various pipes
Brownies
EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA
• Altered depth perception and peripheral
vision
• Increase in heart rate
• Time perception is altered - slows greatly
• Euphoria - sense of well being
• Heightened awareness to sound
• Decreased reaction time
• Impairment of short term memory
• Dilated (enlarged) pupils and reddening of the
whites of the eyes
• Sedative properties
• Analgesia (feeling of no or little pain)
• Hallucinations (at high doses)
STIMULANTS
• Legitimate uses
– Treatment of narcolepsy
– Local anesthetic (cocaine)
– Hyperkinetic children (Ritalin)
– Diet Control
– Relieves fatigue
– All have stimulation and then depression depression is longer than stimulation
COCAINE
• A powerful stimulant found in the leaf of the
coca plant
• Legitimate uses
– Local anesthetic in surgical procedures with
eye/nose /throat surgeries
– Occasionally used in relieving congestion
– Hayfever
– Laryngitis
– To abort hemorrhages from the nose and throat
Cocaine and commonly used cuts with a similar appearance.
(Many substances cut to increase the seller’s profits)
METHODS OF USE
• Inhale through the nostrils
• Injected under the skin or into the
bloodstream
• Dissolved in water, heated and smoked in a
pipe
• Freebasing
– Cocaine is mixed with ether and baking soda and
heated - the result is a purer form of cocaine,
which is then smoked in a pipe
EFFECTS OF COCAINE
• Increased blood pressure and heart rate
• Body temperature increases due to
stimulating muscular actions
• Euphoria
• Energy
• Confidence
• Effects felt with 3 - 5 minutes - last
approximately 60 minutes
CRACK COCAINE
AND
METHAMPHETAMINE
“JUST SAY NO!!!!”
QUOTE: NANCY REAGAN
Crack, almost always seen as an off-white or yellowish-white
solid; often described as looking like chunks of soap or plaster
A larger ziplock plastic bag containing several rocks. Street value of
this bag is about $500.00
Methamphetamine
METHODS OF USE
• Smoked by heating crack and inhaling vapors
• Dissolved in lemon juice (acid) and injected
An assortment of glass pipes used for smoking crack; often
used to heat the side of the pipe bowl to vaporize the drug
Crack can be smoked in a glass pipe, in an empty aluminum can, or by any
similar means where heat can be indirectly applied to vaporize the drug
Many users employ makeshift items to use drugs. Here, part of a hollow radio
antenna is used as a crack pipe; small amount of steel wool placed in one end
to hold the drug
EFFECTS OF CRACK
AND
METHAMPHETAMINE
• Increased blood pressure and heart rate
• Body temperature increases due to stimulating muscular
actions
• Euphoria
• Energy
• Confidence
• Effects felt immediately and last approximately 15 - 20
minutes for crack/ several hours for methamphetamine
• Highly addictive
• Severe withdrawals
MDMA (ECSTASY)
• Method of Use
– Taken orally
MDMA (ECSTASY)
• Patented-1914 by the pharmaceutical
company Merck.
• Classified as a controlled dangerous substance
since 1985.
– Taken orally
MDMA (ECSTASY)
• Releases all of the body’s serotonin into
bloodstream at once.
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• Medication was once used by therapists for
psychological and psychiatric treatment.
• The argument exists in the psychology/psychiatric
community that MDMA is a useful tool and poses
no threat to humans if administered properly.
EFFECTS OF MDMA
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Stimulant effects which can last up to 24 hours
Possible hallucinogenic effects
Thirst
“Rave Drug”
INHALANTS
METHODS OF USE
• Sniffing volitile solvents through nose of mouth
– Gasoline
– Rush
– Glue
– Nitrous Oxide (NO2) (Laughing gas)
EFFECTS OF INHALANTS
• Affects Brain and Central Nervous System
• Inhalants can Kill
• Most users are Adolescents
DAMAGE TO CNS CAN LEAD TO :
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Impaired Perception
Impaired Reasoning
Memory Loss
Defective Muscular Coordination
Dimentia
HALLUCINOGENS
LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE
(LSD)
METHODS OF USE
• Liquid dropped in eyes
• Absorbed through saliva
– Blotter paper, “Sweet Tarts”, sugar cubes
Most LSD seen on the street is in the form of blotter (absorbent) paper. Sheets
are perforated into small squares and dipped into LSD, dissolved and diluted in
ethyl alcohol.
LSD being ingested via blotter paper on the tongue. In this manner
produces an effect within 30-60 minutes, lasting 5-12 hours
EFFECTS OF LSD
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Affects central nervous system
Produces perceptual alteration
Intense varying emotional changes
Not physically addictive - psychologically
addictive
• Flashbacks
Users report “hearing colors and seeing sounds”
OPIATES
HEROIN
A folded sheet of aluminum used to hold a small amount of heroin,
referred to in many areas as a “deck”.
METHODS OF USE
• Inhaled through the nostrils
• Injected under the skin or into the
bloodstream
• Smoked (unusual)
EFFECTS OF HEROIN
• Onset of effects are rapid and produce intense
euphoria
• Rapid tolerance
• Physical and psychological dependence
• Initial feeling is intense exhilaration (rush)
• First emotional reaction is easing of tension
and relief from fears and anxiety
• “Nod out”
• Sensual perception becomes dim
• Gives tranquil pleasant state of lethargy and
drowsiness which can last for several hours
• Severe withdrawals
DEPRESSANTS
• Categories of depressants
– Hypnotic - producing or inducing sleep
– Sedatives - producing a relaxed state that can lead to sleep
– Tranquilizers - relief from anxiety, relaxation of muscles,
calming without sleep or drowsiness
• Effects of depressants
– Affect central nervous system by decelerating its activity
Hydromorphone (dillaudid)
Methadone
OXYCONTIN-- 10 times more potent than hydrocodone
GHB
GHB
• GHB slows down the Central Nervous System,
and has the same effect(s) as ingesting a large
amount of alcohol.
• In the 1980’s, GHB was available as a body
building supplement.
• A teaspoon ingested may get you high, a
tablespoon may kill you.
• All toxic traces of GHB leave the body within
24 hrs.
Chemical relative of PCP, Ketalar. Most common way of ingestion is
through injection, but may be evaporated and snorted “Special K”
Shaped similar to bowling pin and are broken in two around the thin part of
neck by finger pressure, allowing contents to be drawn in syringe.
several illegally produced counterfeit steroids, all professionally
packaged and look authentic; few contain active ingredient
Anabolic Steroids - unique among controlled drugs in that
they are not psychoactive. (pictured: 26 available in capsules)
LEGEND DRUGS
• Prescribed narcotics, but not controlled
– Most common legend drug is Soma
soma
POISON CONTROL
• 1-318-342-1710
• 1-800-256-9822
Questions?
Captain Paul Kohles, CAP
DDRA Louisiana Wing