Transcript WELCOME - Ohio CASA

The Opiate Epidemic
May 2, 2015
WELCOME
Jennifer Biddinger – Drug Abuse Outreach Program
Coordinator
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The Opiate Epidemic
• Historically
– 1804: Morphine is distilled from Opium.
– 1853: The hypodermic syringe is invented.
Inventor’s wife is first to die of injected drug use.
– 1898: Bayer chemist invents diacetylmorphine,
names it heroin.
– 1980: World Health Organization develops ladder
of pain management.
– 1996: Purdue Pharma releases OxyContin.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Historically
– 1996: President of American Pain Society urges
doctors to treat pain as a vital sign.
– 1998: Xalisco black tar heroin arrives in
Columbus.
– 1998: Portsmouth Ohio. Dr. Procter, who opened
what is thought to be the first pain clinic, has an
auto accident that leaves him unable to practice
medicine but still capable of running a pain clinic.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Historically
– 1998-99: VA and JCAHOP (Joint Commission on
Allied Health Personnel in Ophthalmology) adopt
idea of pain as fifth vital sign.
– 2002: Dr. Procter pleads guilt to drug trafficking
and conspiracy and serves eleven years in federal
prison.
– 2004: Washington State publishes findings on
deaths of injured workers due to overdose on
opiate painkillers.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Historically
– Mid-2000s: Xalisco black tar heroin cells are now in at
least 17 states. Portsmouth has more pill mills per capita
than any US town.
– 2007: Purdue and three executives plead guilty to
misdemeanor charges of false branding of OxyContin;
fined $634 million.
– 2008: Drug overdoses, mostly from opiates, surpass auto
fatalities as the leading cause of accidental death in the
US.
– 2011: Ohio passes House Bill 93, regulating pain clinics.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Statistics
– The National Outlook
• According to the CDC, the death toll from drugs
claims one life every 14 minutes; 100 people
every day, 36,000 every year. More Americans
die from drug overdoses than car accidents.
• The US is about 4% of world population and will
use about 80% of the world’s hydrocodone in
2014.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Statistics
– Ohio’s Outlook
• 366% increase in drug overdoses from 2002 –
2012.
• 2012 reveals a leveling off of prescription
opioid-related overdose deaths contrasted with
a large increase in heroin-related deaths.
• Ohioans aged 45-54 are at the highest risk for
prescription opioid overdose; males aged 25-34
are at the highest risk for fatal heroin overdose.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Statistics
– Ohio’s Outlook
• The number of clients with a primary diagnoses
of opioid abuse and dependence rose from
5,790 in 2001 to 24,833 in 2012.
• % of people reporting heroin as a primary drug
of choice was higher for women than men.
• The average % of Whites reporting heroin as a
primary drug of choice was 2.5 times that of
African Americans.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Statistics
– The Transition to Heroin
–Average age in Ohio for first use of
prescription drugs is 14.
–70 % of abused Rx drugs are received from a
friend or loved one.
–Affects all ages, all races, all income levels; a
suburban epidemic.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Statistics
– The Transition to Heroin
• In 2011, 21.3 percent of students reported
using prescription pain relievers or painkillers
without a doctor’s prescription one of more
times during their life; in 2013 that dropped to
12.8 percent. The number of Ohio’s youth who
reported using heroin also decreased from 3.1
percent to 2 percent.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Statistics
– Heroin Claimed the Lives of 18 Ohioans Each
Week (954 deaths) in 2013. With 70% of counties
reporting for 2014, 918 deaths are projected.
• Numbers Based on Heroin Listed as the Cause of the Death; Heroin
combined with other drugs not included
• Indirect Deaths Likely Double These Numbers
• Cuyahoga County Reported 194 Heroin Deaths in 2013;
approximately 300 Opiate Deaths. Projected 194 Heroin deaths in
2014.
The Opiate Epidemic
• Trends – Negative
– Fentanyl
– Mixing Drugs
– Not in My Neighborhood
– Heroin as a Casual Drug
– Number of Active Addicts
– Children with Grandparents
– Babies born dependent
– Inconsistency across the state
The Opiate Epidemic
• Trends - Positive
– Increased use of MAT
– Increased use of Naloxone
– Greater Awareness
– Drug Courts
– Community Engagement
– Recovery Housing
– Use of Medicaid
– Law Enforcement’s Response
The Opiate Epidemic
• What does Law Enforcement Look Like
– Responding to the Change
• BCI
• OOCIC
• OPOTA
• Special Prosecutions
• Local Efforts – Lucas County
• Collaboration
For questions or additional information, please
contact:
Jennifer Biddinger
[email protected]