Transcript The New Deal - s3.amazonaws.com

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See New Deal Notes @
http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture20.html
New Deal
http://newdeal.feri.org/library/w76.htm
Chapter 15
http://newdeal.feri.org/library/ab22.htm
Section 1 – The New Deal Fights the Depression
Section 2 – The 2nd New Deal Takes Hold
Section 3 – The New Deal Affects Many Groups
Section 4 – Culture in the 1930’s
Section 5 – The Impact of the New Deal
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/new_deal_for_the_arts/work_pays_america.html
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/new_deal_for_the_arts/work_pays_america.html
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/new_deal_for_the_arts/work_pays_america.html
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail362.html
http://newdeal.feri.org/library/ad40.htm
Mary McLeod Bethune
• Head of the Division of
Negro Affairs of the
National Youth
Administration
• Helped organize the
“Black Cabinet” – group of
influential African
Americans to advise the
Roosevelt administration
on racial issues
http://www.nahc.org/NAHC/Val/Columns/SC10-6.html
Marian Anderson
• Eleanor Roosevelt invited
Marian Anderson to sing
at the concert hall in
Washington D.C. The
Daughters of the
Revolution didn’t allow it
because Marian was
black. Roosevelt quit the
organization and moved
the concert to the Lincoln
Memorial.
• Continued to break
barriers for African
American Artists
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_Anderson
Roosevelt Fails to Support Civil Rights
• Roosevelt was never committed to full civil
rights for African Americans
• Refused to approve a federal anti-lynching
law
• Refused to approve an end to the poll tax
• Some New Deal programs clearly
discriminated against African Americans
Election of 1936
http://www.authentichistory.com/1930s/fdr/images01.html
•
•
•
•
•
Alf Landon
Republican Candidate
Governor of Kansas
No ties to Hoover
Ran Kansas financially
conservative –Pleased
conservatives
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alf_Landon
• Had supported Roosevelt
programs- Pleased liberals
• Franklin Roosevelt
• Democratic Incumbent
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail362.html
Election of 1936
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail355.html
The Roosevelt Coalition
•
•
•
•
Recent Immigrants
Labor
Farmers
African Americans
Recent Immigrants
• Urban working class, 1st and 2nd
generation Americans, who benefited from
FDR’s social and economic programs
• Appreciate the new appointments and
policies that reject racist attitudes and see
minorities contributions to society
• Many newcomers were Catholic and
usually supported the Democratic Party
Labor
• Labor benefited greatly from FDR’s New Deal
Programs (i.e. Wagner Act)
• Unions see increase in membership
• Increase in membership means more
effectiveness against big business
– Sit Down Strike
– 1933 less than 3 million to 10 million in 1939
• Helps the Democratic Party with votes
• Unions were a major source of funding to
replace funding lost from big business interests
Farmers
• Benefited from New Deal Programs
• Dissatisfied with Republican lack of
support for farmers in the 1920’s and early
1930’s
African Americans
• Traditionally African Americans had voted for
__________?
• Republican Party – tied to Lincoln
• True in 1932
• African Americans benefited from New Deal
legislation like the WPA and NYA
• Roosevelt increased the number of African
Americans in federal jobs
• Eleanor Roosevelt and Harold Ickes had close
ties with African American leaders
• 85% of African Americans polled in Fortune
Magazine in 1938 favored FDR
Wagner-Steagall Act/
National Housing Act
• Established the United States Housing
Authority (USHA)
– Long-term, low interest loans to local public
agencies that met 10% of the cost of building
low-come housing
– Awards subsidies to local agencies to keep
rents at a low level
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
• Required manufactures of food, drugs,
and cosmetics to label ingredients used in
products
• Forbade the mislabeling of products and
false and misleading advertising
• Enforced by Food and Drug Administration
and Federal Trade Commission
Election of 1940
• Roosevelt runs for an
Unprecedented 3rd Term
– Causes controversy
• Wendell Willkie –
– Republican Candidate
http://www.authentichistory.com/1930s/fdr/images01.html
• 22nd Amendment – sets a term limit
for President of the United States
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1940
Election of 1940
http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail358.html