Transcript Deductive / Inductive

Deductive
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General to Specific
All Men are Mortal (Major premise)
Ralph Nader is a Man (Minor premise)
Ralph Nader is Mortal (Conclusion)
Inductive
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Specific to General
Specific to Specific
Inferential Leap
student enters class carrying wet unbrella
2nd student enters completely soaked
3rd student enters with a wet raincoat
What do we conclude?
Inductive
• We reason inductively that it has been
raining outside. We are probably right, but
our conclusion must remain tentative until
we walk outside and see for ourselves.
• Inductive reasoning never leads to a
certain conclusion, only a very likely one
Inductive or Deductive?
• All U.S. citizens pay taxes.
Christina is a U.S. citizen.
Therefore, Christina pays taxes.
• Deductive
Inductive or Deductive?
• Minnesota has operated with a free choice
educational system which has improved
education. Essentially, the state of
Nebraska is similar to Minnesota.
Therefore, it seems reasonable to believe
that a free-choice educational system
would improve education in Nebraska.
• Inductive
Inductive or Deductive?
• I hear you are going to get an Old English
Sheepdog as a pet. That’s great! I’ve seen
a lot of sheepdogs and each one was very
gentle. Sheepdogs are a great choice for
people with children.
• Inductive
Inductive or Deductive?
• We all know that cheaters never prosper.
Last week I learned that Beverly cheated
on an exam. I’m willing to bet that
Beverly won’t prosper in school.
• Deductive
Inductive or Deductive?
• Scientific studies have overwhelmingly
established that all narcotic drugs are
physically and mentally addictive.
Recently the surgeon general of the U.S.
indicated that the nicotine contained in
cigarettes is a narcotic drug. Clearly, since
cigarettes contain a narcotic, they result in
physical and mental addiction.
• Deductive
Inductive or Deductive?
• Women are allowed in combat positions in
Israel. Therefore, women should be
allowed in combat positions in the U.S.
• Inductive
Inductive or Deductive?
• The electric chair has been banned from
use in all countries in the world .
Therefore it should be banned from use in
the U.S..
• Deductive