Tobacco - Hazlet.org
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Transcript Tobacco - Hazlet.org
Chapter 20
TOBACCO
Pick Your Poison!
Chemicals Found in Tobacco
Smoke
with each puff on a cigarette, cigar or pipe, a
smoker inhales over 4,000 different chemicals
Of these 4,000, at least 1,000 of them are
known to be dangerous
The most deadly are known as nicotine, tar,
and carbon monoxide
Chemicals Found in Tobacco
Smoke
Acetaldehyde
Acetone
Ammonia
Benzene
Butadione
Ethylamine
Nitrogen dioxide
Hydrogen sulfide
Chemicals found in Tobacco
Smoke
Formaldehyde
Vinyl chloride
Toluene
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrocyanic acid
Methyl alcohol
Methylamine
Phenol
Nicotine
This is the drug in tobacco that acts as a
stimulant and is addictive
STIMULANT: a drug that speeds up the
activities of the central nervous system, the
heart, and other organs
In its pure form, nicotine is one of the
strongest poisons known
Taken in large amounts, nicotine can kill
people by paralyzing their breathing muscles
Nicotine
Tolerance of nicotine can occur as early on as
a second or third cigarette in a new smoker
As tolerance builds a person needs to smoke
more and more to produce the same feeling
The Surgeon General ( the country’s highest
medical authority) has said nicotine is as
additive of a drug as heroin and cocaine
Nicotine Withdrawal
This is a reaction of lack of nicotine
Symptoms includes head aches, irritability,
restlessness, increased coughing, nausea,
vomiting, a general feeling of illness, intense
craving for tobacco
Withdrawal can begin as soon as two hours
after the last cigarette
physical cravings reaches its peak in 24 hours
TAR
TAR
Tar is the dark stick mixture of chemicals that
is formed when tobacco burns
Tar is the yellowish browning substance
found on the fingers and teeth of smokers
it also sticks to the cells of the respiratory
track where it damages cells\
The tar in tobacco smoke contains hundreds
of chemical carcinogens
CARCINOGENS : cancer causing agents
Cancers of the lungs, throat and mouth are
cause by the inhalation of tar and tobacco
smoke
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Monoxide
is a poisonous, colorless, odorless gas that is
found in cigarette smoke
When carbon monoxide is inhaled it takes the
place of large amounts of oxygen from your
blood.
Carbon monoxide also makes it difficult for
the oxygen left in your blood to get to your
muscles and organs
When a person smokes it means the heart
works harder but accomplishes less
Long Term Effects of Tobacco
Long Term Effects of Tobacco
tobacco products are directly responsible for
the deaths of 400,000 Americans each year
Worldwide, 1 in 5 deaths are related to
smoking health related problems
Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular Disease
This is a disease of the heart and blood
vessels that kills over 115,000 tobacco users
each year just in the United States!
A smoker is three times more likely to suffer a
heart attack than a non smoker
A heart attack is 5 times more likely to kill a
smoker than a non smoker
Cardiovascular disease is caused by the
weakening of blood vessels
Cardiovascular Disease
These blood vessels are weakened because
the heart is doing so much more work to
circulate and push blood throughout the
blood of a smoker as opposed to a non
smoker
Nicotine also promotes fatty build up in the
walls of these blood vessels that cause
blockages
These blockages are responsible for heart
attacks
Respiratory Disease
Respiratory Disease
many smokers suffer from dry and hacking
coughs
Tar destroys the cilia in your respiratory tract (
little hairs that sweep away dust and other
particles), these foreign particles are not
cleared away and ingested causing a smoker
to cough much more than a nonsmoker
A person can no longer clear the passage with
their cough and mucus fills the bronchial
tubes
Respiratory Disease
In time due to this cough the person will
develop CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
This is a condition in which the bronchial
tubes become swollen and clogged with
mucus
People with chronic bronchitis find it difficult
with fill their lungs with air
Simple activities such as walking stairs, may
find themselves gasping for air
Respiratory Disease
Here is currently no cure for chronic
bronchitis
Smoking can lead to more serious disease
such as EMPHYSEMA
This is a breathing disorder in which the small
air sacs in the lungs loose their ability to
expand and contract
Oxygen passes through the lungs and into the
blood stream, while carbon dioxide passes
through the air sacs and out of the body
Respiratory Disease
People with emphysema cannot give their
body enough oxygen or rid their body of
carbon dioxide
The damaged done to the lungs cannot be
reversed
Even if the emphysema victim quits smoking
the damage to the lungs is permanent
Cancer
Tobacco use is also a major factor in
developing certain cancers
CANCER is an area of uncontrolled cell
growth that invades the surrounding tissue
and destroys it
Cancer can begin in any part of the body and
travel to other areas
In the United States, lung cancer is known to
be the most deadly form of cancer