Transcript Nicotine: An Addictive Drug

Tobacco Education
th
8 Grade
Nicotine: An Addictive Drug
•Every day 3,000 teens will start to smoke
•1/3 of those teens will eventually die from illness
related to smoking
•Nicotine – colorless, odorless, highly addictive drug
found in tobacco
•People think you can’t get addicted using it just once,
but more likely for nicotine than cocaine, heroin or
alcohol
Effects of Nicotine on the Body
•Stimulates central nervous system
•Dulls the taste buds so can’t get true taste of food
•Constricts (makes smaller) blood vessels
•Increases heart rate
•Immediately feel stimulated, half-hour later feel tired
•This is what creates addiction, both physical and
psychological
Addiction
•Physical – your body thinks that it needs the drug
to work correctly
•Your brain sends out signals that make you
crave the drug
•Psychological – you think about the drug
•Typically a habit, you are stressed so you
smoke, times of day, etc.
Short-Term Effects of Smoking
•Physiological Effects
•Shortness of breath
•Coughing
•Wheezing
•Decline in physical health (get sick more often)
Short-Term Effects of Smoking
•Cosmetic – how you look
•Discolors teeth and fingers
•Bad breath
•Odor on clothes, hair and fingers
•Social – relationships with others
•People not approve of smoking
•Parents don’t approve
•Don’t want to date/kiss a smoker
Short-Term Effects of Smoking
•Economic – money
•Around $4.00 per pack and rising
•Many states are adding “sin taxes” to tobacco and alcohol
•Legal Restrictions – laws, rules and policies that regulate the
sale and use
•Must be 18 to purchase tobacco in all 50 states
•Vending machine sales banned or regulated
•2/3 states require signs in stores about being 18
•More states banning where you are able to smoke
Long Term Effects of Smoking
Read pages D 30-D31and fill in the outline
for Long Term Effects of Tobacco.
Contents of a Cigarette
Perhaps this list of ingredients that are found in cigarettes is enough to make you
want to quit smoking for good!
There are more than 4,000 ingredients in a cigarette other than tobacco. Common
additives include yeast, wine, caffeine, beeswax and chocolate. Here are some
other ingredients:
Ammonia: Household cleaner
Angelica root extract: Known to cause cancer in animals
Arsenic: Used in rat poisons
Benzene: Used in making dyes, synthetic rubber
Butane: Gas; used in lighter fluid
Carbon monoxide: Poisonous gas
Cadmium: Used in batteries
Cyanide: Deadly poison
DDT: A banned insecticide
Ethyl Furoate: Causes liver damage in animals
Lead: Poisonous in high doses
Formaldehiyde: Used to preserve dead specimens
Methoprene: Insecticide
Megastigmatrienone: Chemical naturally found in grapefruit juice
Maltitol: Sweetener for diabetics
Napthalene: Ingredient in mothballs
Methyl isocyanate: Its accidental release killed 2000 people in Bhopal, India in
1984
Polonium: Cancer-causing radioactive element
Smoking and Long-Term Goals
Quality of Life
– Chances of getting sick and developing certain
serious health problems are high.
Cancer, heart disease, emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Battling the Habit
– Trying to quit can be frustrating and difficult.
Relapses are likely!
Career Problems
– Employers know that people who smoke need to take
more breaks than people who don’t and may be out
more often than people who don’t!
Smoking and Long Term Goals
Family Effects
– Women smoking while pregnant can cause
their child to have Low Birth Weight. This can
trigger many other birth problems.
– Smoking during pregnancy is responsible for
20-30 % of low birth weight babies
– 14% of premature births.
– Smoking by the mother during pregnancy is
linked to asthma in the child.
Reasons Not to Smoke
Risk of becoming addicted
Risk of becoming less physically fit
Risk of developing early signs of heart disease
Spend money on better things
Greater strain on heart and blood vessels
Makes blood vessels sticky so more fat builds
Quitting Smoking
•70% of smokers wished they never started
•¾ of teens who smoke daily say they can’t quit because it is
difficult
•Most teens who start think they will not continue to smoke
•75% are still smoking after 9 years
•http://www.tobaccofacts.org/quitting/why.html
Second Hand Smoke
Smoking is harmful to people around the
smoker as well.
– Second hand smoke is exhaled smoke and
sidestream smoke.
– Mainstream smoke is smoke that is inhaled
and exhaled by the smoker.
– Sidestream smoke is the smoke that enters
the air from the burning end of the cigarette,
cigar or pipe.
Cancer Risk!!!
The Environmental Protection Agency has labeled both
sidestream and mainstream smoke “Group A
Carcinogens”.
– Group A Carcinogens are substances proven to cause cancer
in humans.
– “Secondhand smoke is especially harmful to young children.
Secondhand smoke is responsible for between 150,000 and
300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children
under 18 months of age, resulting in between 7,500 and 15,000
hospitalizations each year, and causes 430 sudden infant death
syndrome (SIDS) deaths in the United States annually.” ~
American Lung Association
Exposure in the Home
Children of parents who smoke have a higher
than average rate of certain illnesses:
– Ear Infections
– Bronchitis
– Pnemonia
In Non-Smokers second hand smoke increases
the risk of two diseases:
– Cardiovascular Disease: 62,000 deaths/year
– Lung Cancer: 3,000 deaths/year
Protection from Second Hand
Smoke
A few things that you can do to protect
yourself:
– Sit in a non-smoking section or seek out a
non-smoking restaurant
– Ask others around you not to smoke
– No smoking policy in your house.
Smokeless Tobacco
Smokeless tobacco contains more nicotine than
cigarettes!
Chewing tobacco is shredded tobacco leaves
placed between the cheek and the gums.
Snuff or Dip is powdered tobacco that is placed
between the lower lip and the gums.
Health Risks of Chewing Tobacco
Addictive- 3 to 4 times the amount of
nicotine in cigarettes
Increased Heart rate and blood pressure
Increased risk of throat and mouth cancer
White patches on the inside of mouth
(leukoplakia)