Transcript 29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry

Set
CornellFunction
Notes on pg.
29.5upBrain
and Chemistry
39
Brain
Function and Chemistry
2.129.5
Atoms,
Ions,
and Molecules
•Topic: 29.5 Brain Function
and Chemistry
•Essential Question(s):
1. In a paragraph,
summarize how your
chosen drug effect the
nervous system.
KEY CONCEPT
Scientists study the
functions and chemistry of
the brain.
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Taped on Pg. 38
Clinical Application 10.4
1. What do opiates do to
the body?
2. What are endorphins?
3. Why does the human
body make their own
opiates?
4. Why do people have
withdrawal symptoms
when they stop taking a
drug?
Clinical Application 10.5
1. Cocaine was originally
introduced for what
purpose?
2. LSD was originally used
for what purpose?
3. The effect of a drug
depends on what 3
things?
4. What happens with
repeated use of an
addictive 2substance?
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Points to Ponder
Neurons (nerve cells) are cells that can store
information and send and receive messages.
On the top ½ of p. 38 write a
paragraph, hypothesizing how
drug or alcohol use might affect
the nervous system?
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
KEY CONCEPT
Scientists study the functions and chemistry of the
brain.
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Disclaimer:
• We will be spending the next couple of days learning about
the effects of certain drugs on the nervous system
• We need to approach this topic in a mature manner
– You may share family/news stories about abuse of drugs
(please no clear identification)
– You MAY NOT share any personal stories at any time
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
New techniques improve our understanding of the brain.
• Today, scientists study the brain without surgery.
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Changes in brain chemistry can cause illness.
• Different neurotransmitters (chemicals) relate to different
functions in different areas of the brain..
synapse
Normal
receptor
neurotransmitter
When your brain produces the correct amount of
these neurotransmitters, homeostasis is maintained
– some stimulate impulses, some prevent impulses
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
• Abnormal levels of neurotransmitter can cause illness.
– Schizophrenia: A brain disorder in which people interpret
reality abnormally
– Depression: A mood disorder causing a persistent
feeling of sadness and loss of interest
green=
low levels
of activity
Red =
are the
most
active
Normal
Depressed
Schizophrenic
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Drugs alter brain chemistry.
• Addiction
– is the physiological need for a
substance.
• Tolerance
– occurs when more drug is needed
to produce an effect.
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Drug Addiction
• Occurs because of the complex interaction of neurons,
drugs, and individual behaviors
• Understanding how neurotransmitters fit receptors can help
explain the actions of certain drugs
• Different drugs have different mechanisms of action
• Several questions remain about the biological effects of
addiction, such as why some individuals become addicted
and others do not
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29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
• Stimulants cause more action potentials (electrical
impulse)
– may increase neurotransmitter (chemicals) in synapse
– Happy, energetic, alert “uppers”
– Increase mental or physical functions
cocaine
Ex:
Speed
Cocaine
Caffeine
Nicotine
MDMA ecstasy
Methamphetamine
neurotransmitter
synapse
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
• Depressants cause fewer action potentials (electrical
impulses)
– may produce neurotransmitter that prevent impulses
– Relaxed, tired “downers”
– Decrease mental and physical functions
Ex:
Alcohol
Marijuana
Morphine
Heroin
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Teenagers Against Drugs Campaign Posters and Essay
•Bath Salts
• Alcohol
•Inhalants
• Ecstasy (MDMA, Molly, E)
•Rohypnol (Roofies)
• Heroin
•Phencyclidine (PCP)
• LSD (Acid)
•Marijuana (Weed)
• Cocaine (Coke)
• Methamphetamine (Meth)
•
Tomorrow you will gather information about your chosen
drug and identify its effects on the nervous system.
•
Using this information you will create a poster
designed to encourage teenagers to AVOID the drug AS
WELL AS write an informational essay about the
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effects of your drug on the nervous system
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
“Excessive Drinking is
Dangerous”
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29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
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29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Drug Essay
DUE: WED FEB 25
Section 1: (7 pts)
• Introduce your drug
• What was your drug originally used for in the medical field or what was it developed for?
• Any background information of the drug and its rise to popularity (facts/statistics/etc..)
Section 2: (14 pts)
• Explain your drug’s effect on the nervous system specifically!
• How does it effect motor skills or connections between neurons?
• How does a person “feel” on your drug? What drives them to use?
• What are the short term AND long term consequences of using/abusing the drug?
Section 3: (7 pts)
• What are some “signs” that someone is abusing your drug?
• What are some treatment options for a person who wants to become sober
• Rehab?
• Therapy?
• Medicine?
• Please tell us about some support groups available for your drug (Ex: Alcoholics Anonymous )
Section 4: (7 pts)
• Find a news article regarding a crime committed while someone was using your drug
• Explain what happened in your own words, and what the consequences to the person/or other people
were
• Print out a copy of the article/video, AND attach the web address to the bottom
16of your essay (Some
newspapers: LA Times/Chicago Tribune/OC Register/ NY Times/Huffington Post.)
29.5 Brain Function and Chemistry
Body Story- The Beast Within (24m30s-49m)
Bottom of pg. 39– or if no room separate ½ sheet of paper
• Take notes/comments/questions on the brain and
neurons’ response to drugs and alcohol
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRGDrP0OuRs