Transcript World Drug Report 2015 - United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

World Drug Report 2015
Advanced Briefing to Member
States
18 June 2015
Replies from 100 Member States and territories.
Replies from 98 Member States and territories.
Drug use
Trends in the annual prevalence of drug use,
2009-2013
Prevalence of use (index base = 100 in
2009)
120
110
100
90
80
2009
Cannabis
2010
2011
Cocaine
2012
2013
Opiates
Source: UNODC, responses to annual report questionnaire.
Note: Based on the estimated percentage of adults (aged 15-64) who have used the substance in the past year
Prison
annual prevalence
general population
5.2%
3.8%
0.3%
0.4%
0.7%
0.4%
Drug use
Global average
Drug related deaths linked to opioid abuse in the USA
Gender
Pre-school intervention
Skills training programmes for
students and parents
Philosophy of chronic care versus acute care: continuity of
interventions
The impact of the intervention can be evaluated only DURING the
intervention and NOT after
Is drug treatment better than no treatment?
Effective treatment typically incorporates many components — pharmacotherapy, behavioural therapy and
social support. The scientific evidence is clear that the best available treatments for individuals with drug
dependence are those that are ongoing, able to address multiple problems in numerous life domains —
such as medical and psychiatric symptoms and social instability — and are well integrated into the
community, making them available and accessible to such individuals.
Global trends in main drug supply indicators, 2005-2014
Drug supply and drug supply reduction
(index base = 100 in 2005)
300
272
250
200
Cultivation of opium
poppy
Cultivation of coca bush
205
195
Quantities of cocaine
seized
150
132
120
115
100
50
7689
Quantities of heroin
seized
Quantities of illicit
morphine seized
43
Quantities of cannabis
seized
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Global seizures, by drug and region (number of cases) 2005-2008 and 2009-2013
100
Number of cannabis
resin seizure cases
90
80
Number of herbal
cannabis seizure
cases
Number of ATS
seizure cases
60
50
40
30
20
Number of cocaine
seizure cases
10
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Africa
2009-2013
2005-2008
2009-2013
2005-2008
2009-2013
2005-2008
2009-2013
2005-2008
2009-2013
0
2005-2008
Percentage
70
Asia
Mode of transportation reported in individual drug seizure cases,
2006-2008 and 2009-2014
Opiates
Key figures
Global potential
opium production
Opiates
Cocaine
Key figures
Global Coca bush
cultivation
Cocaine
Cannabis
Key figures
Prevalence of pastyear marijuana use
(aged 12 or older)
in the United States
2006-2013
Synthetic
Drugs
Key figures
Methamphetamine flows
Controlled drugs and NPS
600
541
500
Number of substances
193
400
348
300
234
200
115
206
166
243
37
251
8
97
NPS identified in previous
years
40
102
100
NPS identified for the first time
in current year
Psychotropic substances (1971
Convention)
119
0
2014
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Internationally controlled substances
New Psychoactive Substances (NPS)
Narcotic drugs (1961
Convention)
NPS
Geographical location of Alternative Development
Drivers of illicit cultivation
• No single factor and location/
household specific
• Characteristics of the illicit crop
(agronomic, durability, profit)
• Infrastructures and socioeconomic opportunities
• Environment
• Rule of Law and governance
Challenges of alternative
development
•
•
•
•
•
Marginalization
Poverty
Isolated areas
Limited government control
Insecurity
Impact of Alternative Development
Key elements of success for alternative
development
• Long-term political and financial support
• Income-generating alternatives
• Marketing of products of alternative development
• Land tenure and the sustainable management and
use of land
• Local ownership and community participation
• Focus on women
Assistance
Committed by OECD
donors
Conclusions
• Alternative development (AD) is in a constant state of flux; success has often
been a result of piloting new and more sophisticated approaches.
• National strategies vary considerably, but most address food security and
quality of life
• Success is still mainly viewed in the context of reducing illicit cultivation– but
impact of programmes is more broadly assessed, in term of MDG indicators
• Sustainable Development Goals add elements of rule of law, governance and
environmental protection to the traditional pillars of socioeconomic
development. A new framework for AD?
• AD approach to be extended beyond illicit drug cultivation into communities
affected by other illegal activities (illegal mining, wildlife and forest crimes)?