Transcript Using Alcohol and Other Drugs

Using Alcohol and Other
Drugs
Classifying Drugs
Psychoactive Drugs
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Chemical substances that serve to
alter mood, thought processes
and/or behavior.
Substances used to manage illness.
Classifying Drugs
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Therapeutic vs. Non-therapeutic
Legal vs. Illegal
Recreational vs. medicinal
Mechanism of action
Behavioral Effects
Classifying Drugs
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Ultimately as practiced the
classification of drugs is
political/social as much as it is
scientific.
Two main classifications
• Scheduling
• Behavioral Effects
Drug Schedule
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Current schedule system has 5
schedules based on:
• Safety
• Medical Use
• Abuse Potential
Schedule I
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Includes heroin, LSD, and marijuana
• The drug or other substance has a high
potential for abuse.
• The drug or other substance has no currently
accepted medical use in treatment in the
United States.
• There is a lack of accepted safety for use of
the drug or other substance under medical
supervision.
Schedule II
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Includes morphine, used as a pain-killer,
and cocaine, used as a topical anesthetic
• The drug or other substance has a high
potential for abuse.
• The drug or other substance has a currently
accepted medical use in treatment in the
United States or a currently accepted medical
use with severe restrictions.
• Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead
to severe psychological or physical
dependence.
Schedule III
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Includes anabolic steroids and
Marinol.
• The drug or other substance has a potential for
abuse less than the drugs or other substances
in Schedules I and II.
• The drug or other substance has a currently
accepted medical use in treatment in the
United States.
• Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead
to moderate or low physical dependence or
high psychological dependence.
Schedule IV
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Includes Valium and other
tranquilizers
• The drug or other substance has a low
potential for abuse relative to the drugs or
other substances in Schedule III.
• The drug or other substance has a currently
accepted medical use in treatment in the
United States.
• Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead
to limited physical dependence or
psychological dependence relative to the drugs
or other substances in Schedule III.
Schedule V
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Includes codeine-containing
analgesics.
• The drug or other substance has a low
potential for abuse relative to the drugs or
other substances in Schedule IV.
• The drug or other substance has a currently
accepted medical use in treatment in the
United States..
• Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead
to limited physical dependence or
psychological dependence relative to the drugs
or other substances in Schedule IV.
Behavioral Effects Classification
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Classified by effects on behavior
and/or central nervous system
• Depressants
• Stimulants
• Opiates
• Psychedelics
Stimulants
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Stimulate CNS leading to increases in
physiological processes and motor
behavior
• Cocaine – Illegal, Therapeutic
• Amphetamine – Illegal, Therapeutic
• Caffeine – Legal, Non-therapeutic
• Nicotine – Lgal, Non-therapeutic
Depressants
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Depress CNS activity leading to
decreased physiological activity and
sedation
• Alcohol – Legal, Non-therapeutic
• Barbiturates, Legal, Therapeutic
• Benzodiazepines Legal, Therapeutic
Opiates
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Act as agonists on endorphin and
enkephalin receptors leading to pain
suppression, feelings of euphoria, wellbeing, and respiratory depression
• Heroin – Illegal, Therapeutic
• Codeine – Legal, Therapeutic
• Morhphine – Legal, Therapeutic
• Vicodan, Percocet, etc. – Legal,
Therapeutic
Psychedelcis
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Alter mood state and perception via
action on the CNS. Group by
convenience. All illegal some with
therapeutic use.
• Marijuana (THC)
• LSD (acid)
• Psylocybin (mushrooms)
• Phencycledine (PCP)