Transcript Jp cardio drugs - Juntos Podemos

Drugs Affecting the
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System
Muscular
organ with 4 chambers
Pumps 5-6 liters blood/minute
Chambers of the Heart
Left Side
 Oxygenated
 Pulmonary
veins
 Atrium
 Mitral valve
 Ventricle
Right Side
 Unoxygenated
 Atrium
 Tricuspid valve
 Ventricle
 Pulmonary
arteries
Systole and Diastole
Systole:
Heart is contracting
Diastole: Heart is relaxed
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
 Renal
blood flow decreased
 Sympathetic stimulation causes
release of renin
 Renin + plasma angiotensin
forms angiotensin I
 Angiotensin I converted in lungs
to angiotensin II
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
Continued
 Agniotensin
II:
Produces vasoconstriction
Acts directly on kidney to retain
sodium & water
Stimulates adrenal cortex to
secrete aldosterone
Cardiotonic-Inotropic Effects
Increase
force of myocardial
contraction
Causes improved heart’s
pumping ability
Cardiotonic-Inotropic Drugs
Adrenergic
Digitalis
glycosides
Amrinone
Milrinone
Inotropic Definition
Force
of myocardial contraction
Positive inotropic drug:
increases force of contractions
Negative inotropic drug:
decreases force of contraction
Digitalis Glycosides
Increase
myocardial contractility
causing more complete
emptying
Digitalis Glycosides
 Digitoxin
 Digoxin
Absorption:
90-100% Oral
Absorption:
60-80% Tablet
90-100% Capsule
70-85% Elixir
Digitalis Glycosides Continued
 Digitoxin
 Digoxin
Distribution:
To most body
tissues
90% bound to
albumin
Distribution:
Throughout the
body
Binds to skeletal
muscle/20-30%
to albumin
Digitalis Glycosides Continued
 Digitoxin
 Digoxin
Metabolism:
Liver - 8%
converted to
digoxin
Excretion:
Kidneys
Metabolism:
Small amount in
liver & GI flora
Excretion:
Unchanged drug
from kidneys
Antianginal Drugs
Organic
nitrates: produce
vasodilation
Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs:
Inhibits sympathetic stimulation
Calcium-channel blockers:
Prevents Ca moving into cells
Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics
Antiadrenergics
ACE
inhibitors
Calcium-channel blockers
Hypotension and Shock
Alpha-adrenergic
drugs:
increase peripheral vascular
resistance
Beta-adrenergic drugs: increase
myocardial contractility & heart
rate