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Healthy People 2010 Leading Health Indicator New Blood Pressure Norms Normal < 120/80 Prehypertension 120-139 / 80-89 High blood pressure 140/90+ JNC 7 Report, JAMA May 21, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Prevalence of High Blood Pressure 70 Percent (%) 60 65.4 50 40 BP 140/90+ 30 20 28.7 27.1 All adults Men 30.1 30.9 Women Blacks 10 0 Age 60+ JAMA 290:199-206, Jul 9, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Prevalence of High Blood Pressure • All adults 29% (58.4 million people) – Men 27% – Women 30% – African-Americans 34% • Persons 60+ yrs old • Increase since 1990 64% 4% JAMA 290:199-206, Jul 9, 2003 Lifestyle Modifications to Lower Blood Pressure 1. Maintain a healthy weight - BMI less than 25, or - Lose 10-15 pounds - BP drops 5-20 points with 10 kg wt loss JNC 7 Report, JAMA May 21, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Lifestyle Modifications to Lower Blood Pressure 2. Follow the DASH diet eating plan - Eat an abundance of fruits and vegetables - 8 to10 servings per day - Use non or low fat dairy products - Include whole grains, nuts, and legumes - Limit foods high in saturated fat (e.g. meats, butter) - BP drops 8-14 points on the DASH diet JNC 7 Report, JAMA May 21, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Lifestyle Modifications to Lower Blood Pressure 3. Reduce sodium intake - Eat less salt and salty foods - Limit sodium intake to 2400 mg/day or less - Limiting sodium reduces BP by 2-8 points JNC 7 Report, JAMA May 21, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Lifestyle Modifications to Lower Blood Pressure 4. Engage in regular aerobic physical activity - At least 30 minutes per day - Most days of the week, daily when possible - Moderate activities such as brisk walking - BP drops 4-9 points with increased activity JNC 7 Report, JAMA May 21, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Lifestyle Modifications to Lower Blood Pressure 5. Limit alcohol intake, if used at all - Alcohol raises blood pressure - BP drops 2-4 points by limiting alcohol JNC 7 Report, JAMA May 21, 2003 © 2003, PrevMedix LLC Blood Pressure Reduction and Mortality © 2003, PrevMedix LLC JAMA 288:1882-88, Oct. 16, 2002