Transcript 1-Unit2 TextA

Unit 2 Text A
International Trade Theories
• International trade takes place within the framework of
agreements worked out by countries in the World Trade
Organization (WTO), formerly known as the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
• Over the last 50 years trade barriers have been coming
down and free trade, open borders and deregulation
(放宽管制/撤销管制) now form the ideal for almost all
nations, even if the situation is far from one of complete
laisser-faire(放任政策), with no government
intervention.
• Protectionism is no longer the order of the day in most
places; even if some developing countries argue that
protectionist measures are the way to get their
economies going, they avoid using the term.
What is international trade?
Questions：
1. Think of some of the things you own (for
example, shoes, car, laptop，mp4, mobile
phone). Which are imported? Where were
they made?
2. What are our country’s major imports and
exports? Do you think products made in our
country are better than products made in
other countries?
名言引用： “It is not the employer who pays wages;
he only handles the money. It is the product that
pays wages.”
Henry Ford (1863-1947) American Industrialist
3. Do you agree or disagree with these
statements? Give reasons for your
answers.
a. Using animals to test new products is
wrong.
b. Multinational companies which
manufacture products in developing
countries help the world economy.
c. Companies spend far too much on
launching (to introduce to the market) and
promoting new products.
课文重点词组
Trade:
– 贸易（the business of buying and selling goods for money）
free trade
自由贸易
barter trade 易货贸易
transit trade 转口贸易
bilateral (trilateral, multilateral, unilateral) trade
双边（三边，多边, 单边）贸易
trading company 贸易公司
– 交易 (buy and sell)
They trade mainly in textile products.
– 行业，手艺（occupation, employment needing a high degree
of skills）
the trade of carpenter 木匠行业
He is tailor by trade. 他是干裁缝这一行的。
Trade surplus : (economics 经济) a situation where a
country exports more goods than it imports.
贸易顺差，贸易盈余，出超（一国出口值高于进口值）
增加进口以减少贸易顺差
to increase imports in order to reduce the trade
surplus
Trade gap: (international trade 国际贸易) the difference
between the value of a country’s exports and its imports
贸易差额，贸易逆差 （一国进口超过出口的差额）
例如：上个月贸易逆差继续扩大。
The trade gap continued to widen last month.
Trade deficit: (international trade 国际贸易)
the amount by which the value of a country’s
imports is greater than the value of its exports
贸易逆差，贸易赤字 （一国进口商品价值较
出口商品价值高出的金额）
如： 全年共200亿美元的贸易赤字
an annual trade deficit of $20billion
减少进口以消减贸易赤字
cut the trade deficit by reducing imports
Endow : (finance) to give money or property to a
person or an organization to provide a regular
income
(定期或长期) 提供资金，资助
这家化工公司将部分盈利用于资助研究中心。
The chemical company used some of its profit
to endow a research centre.
Endowment: n
The charity is funded largely by endowments.
此慈善机构的经费主要来自各方的赞助。
Endowment policy：life insurance policy
that pays the sum insured on an agreed
date or on the death of the person insured
人寿定期保险单 (在指定日期或投保人逝世
时付给保险金)
The endowment policy is payable in
2010.
这份人寿定期保险单到2010年赔付。
Labour-intensive: (industry 工业用语) needing
a lot of people to do the work 劳动密集的
如：出版工作的不同阶段需要许多人手，属于
劳动密集型行业。
With many people employed at different
stages, publishing is a labor-intensive industry.
Per capita : 人均
low/high GDP per capita
最低或最高人均国民生产总值
（GDP = Gross Domestic Product : the total
annual value of a country’s goods and services）
Economize on labour: 节省劳动力
economize on costs/manpower/space/fuel
节省成本/人力/空间/燃料