Transcript Communication graphs

Project FP7 – ICT-318723 MATHEMACS
D7.2 - Collection and processing of
empirical data on multimodal
human communications
WP7 _24M _UNIBI
Kaleidoscope
Identification of levels
Kinematic analysis of human movements
A phase of motion during
which the relative positions
of some body parts remain
unchanged along trajectories
Movement  Shapes  Trajectori es
Blocks
Temporal
organization
Movements are
organized and
perceived in blocks
Cognitive representa tions
A movement can be understood in terms of a hierarchy of
scales and approximated by the sum of a minimal set of linear
trajectories with given accuracy
Approximation of trajectories in a pirouette by
straight lines
3N
M    s u s  vTs ,
s 1
 1   2  ... 3 N
s
ps 
 1   2  ... 3 N
3N
H    ps log ps
s 1
Approximation of trajectories in a pirouette by plain
curves (2D)
Expert system for the movement quality assessment
RFHD
LFHD
RSHO
CLAV
RUPA
LASI
STRN
RASI
LWRA
RWRA
LBHD
LSHO
C7
RSHO
RBAK
LUPA
T10
RELB
LPSI RPSI
LFRA
RFRA
RWRA
RWRB
LELB
LFIN
RTHI
LTHI
RKNE
LKNE
RTIB
RANK
RTOE
RBHD
LTIB
RFIN
RKNE
RTIB
LANK
LTOE
LHEE
RHEE
Modeling the optimal motion sequences by representing
functional alignment of markers in the major scale
Expert system for the movement quality assessment
RFHD
LFHD
RSHO
CLAV
RUPA
LASI
STRN
RASI
LWRA
RWRA
LBHD
LSHO
C7
RSHO
RBAK
LUPA
T10
RELB
LPSI RPSI
LFRA
RFRA
RWRA
RWRB
LELB
LFIN
RTHI
LTHI
RKNE
LKNE
RTIB
RANK
RTOE
RBHD
LTIB
RFIN
RKNE
RTIB
LANK
LTOE
LHEE
RHEE
The kinematic signal representing the shape changes (the velocity of shape changes) –
Procrustes analysis (A pre-processing of the kinematic data subtracting all Euclidean geometrical transformations
(translations, dilatations, and mean rotations) that preserve the relative positions of markers).
Movement analysis software developed:
KAMCAD
Towards an automated recognition of
movements
• The typical character of the movement ←
the few major scales;
• The minor scales → individual movement
traits;
• Such a functional separation of scales
allows perceiving the movements
categorically as the highly stylized figures of
classical ballet.
→ Complexity of shape changes →
→ Complexity of trajectories →
Links between cognitive and biomechanical
levels of motor control
Links between cognitive and biomechanical
levels of motor control
Links between cognitive and biomechanical
levels of motor control
Dynamic creation of blocks in space –time
Organization of spatio-temporal structure
Exploration–exploitation trade-off in a saltatory
search behavior
Exploration–exploitation trade-off in a saltatory
search behavior
How people organize their communications
… in blocks of 10 minutes
Communication in organizations:
a dynamic view (UNI VE + UNI BI)
Data collection was carried out in June and July 2010 in two firms: H‐farm (a venture
incubator:75 employees, 9 start-ups) and H‐art (in the media industry, 71 employees).
We analyze communication schedules
within an organization:
a) The communication group size;
b) The duration of communications;
c) The duration of the interval
between similar communications;
Communication events have neither
characteristic sizes, …
…nor characteristic durations
min
min
This is a structure of communications (reflecting a
structure of relationships) that is important.
Informative events are about 10 minutes
Mutual information is a measure of how much knowing that X speaks
would reduce uncertainty about Y expressed in the joint distribution of
X and Y (summed over all pairs of collocutors)
Communication
graphs:
The nodes of the
graphs represent
individuals, and edges
connecting them
indicate non--‐zero
probabilities of
communication in
the given duration.
Structure of communication graphs
The most richly diverse structure is observed in the moderately connected
communication graphs, but neither for the densely connected graphs (for the
short communication duration), nor for loosely connected graphs (for long
communication durations).
Study of communication graphs by random walks
Conclusion on identification of levels in
movements data , movement perception, spatio-temporal searching ,
communication … etc.
Anti-Kuznets curve
Hypothetical Kuznets curve
Kuznets’ hypothesis
(1950s):
Market forces first
increase and then
decrease economic
inequality.
Anti-Kuznets curve
Kuznets’ hypothesis
(1950s):
Market forces first
increase and then
decrease economic
inequality.
Inequality (IPLC)
Hypothetical Kuznets curve
(1992’$)
Income (GDP per capita)
Anti-Kuznets curve
When the rate of return on
capital significantly exceeds
the growth rate of the
economy, then it logically
follows that inherited wealth
grows faster than output and
income, so that inherited
wealth will dominate wealth
amassed from a lifetime’s
labor by a wide margin, and
the concentration of capital
will attain extremely high
levels.
Inequality (IPLC)
The global economy depends
upon investments:
(1992’$)
Income (GDP per capita)
Anti-Kuznets curve
If political system allows
redistribution of extremely
centralized capital, then …
Otherwise , the system sticks …
… economy growth stops
… elites (children of) fall into
hypercompetition,
and instability comes.
▪ Hypercompetition in elites
destabilizes states;
▪ Instabilities multiply polities;
Inequality (IPLC)
periods of requiring
concentration and diffusion of
capital..
(1992’$)
Income (GDP per capita)
The World Top Income database tells us that
• Rapidly rising
inequality marks
wars/conflicts/
instabilities;
• Global
synchronization of
inequality
dynamics;
Polity IV: 7,563 governance configurations
Regulation of
chief
executive
recruitment
Unregulated
Openness of
Executive
Recruitment
Closed
Competitivene
ss of Executive
Recruitment
Unregulated
Dual
executive
designation
Transitional
Selection
Dual
executive
election
Regulated
Open
Executive
constrains
Regulation of
Participation
Competitive
ness of
participation
Unlimited
Authority
Unregulated
Unregulated
Intermediate
Multiple
identity
Repressed
Slight to
moderate
limitations
Sectarian
Suppressed
Intermediate
Substantial
limitations
Dual
hereditary/co
mpetitive
Factional
Restricted
Transitional
Intermediate
Executive
Parity
Regulated
Competitive
+ Interruption (foreign occupation) + Interregnum (anarchy) +
Transitional = 7,566 “states” (political regimes)
232 configurations have been observed
since 1800
New configurations
arise sometimes.
(Bhutan’ 2013)
~ 17,000 transitions
Some monarchies are the most durable regimes
Liberal democracy is the most often visited of all
History seems to never end!
Relation to homology theory

w k  k


 iTij   w
J c i, j   
 k 
c




cCycles Prc 

indicator(i,j)c
 Γ   1 ,  2 ,... B 
(DFT of the flux circulation)
Betti number
“A fine structure of the stationary distribution”
Polity IV tells us that
• There should be a
positive feedback,
reinforcing the
multiplication of
polities;
dN
N
dt
• We witness the very
beginning of a chain
reaction process (of
atomization of the
polity landscape)