Transcript PPT - Asia-RiCE

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry &
Fisheries (MAFF), Cambodia
MAFF
General Directorate of Agriculture (GDA)
GDA
ASIA RICE CROP WORKSHOP
Bali, Indonesia
21-22/10/13
Pech ROMNEA, Deputy Director,
Rice Crop Department, GDA, MAFF, Cambodia.
Mobile Phone: (+855) 12 81 99 94
E-mail: [email protected]
About
GDA
• General Directorate of Agriculture, Cambodia
– founded in late 2008 with a purpose of ensuring food security to the people; manage
and quality control and safety use of agricultural products; promote the agricultural
productivity through agricultural diversification; involve in poverty reduction through
increase farm incomes and ensure marketing of products.
• Main objectives of the GDA are:
 analytical support for decision-making of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry &
Fisheries, which related to food security and food fro safety.
 Research & development and extension to ensure food security, promote standard of
living and promotion crop production and export,
 Provide extensive and effectiveness of extension services to the farmers and
stakeholders,
 Organize and develop the Agricultural Farm Cooperative,
 Development of law and regulation which related to sanitation and phytosanitation; to
manage the use of chemical matters, bio – agents and quality control and testing of
agricultural inputs and products,
 Collaboration with foreign and international research institutes within the region and
global
Country Profile
Fact
 Territory: 181,035 sq.km
 Population: 14.31 mn, of which 78% - in rural area
 GDP : $ 33.6 bn (2012)
 Agriculture: 34.7%, Crop occupies 54.8% , Livestock &
Poultry occupies 14.1%, Fisheries, Forestry & Logging
occupies 25.4 % and 5 % respectively.
 Industry: 24.3 %
 Service: 41.0 % (2012 est.)
 GDP growth: 7.3% (2012)
 GDP per capita: PPP $2,490 (2012)
Norminal ~ 1,150 (2012)
 Unemployment: 3.5%
 Inflation (CPI): 4.1%
 FDI inflow: $891.7 mn
 Global competitiveness index: 95/140
 Ease of Doing Business Rank: 138th
Data Source: MoP, MoEF, 2012
GDA
Climate and Season
 Climate: Hot and wet
 April is hottest
 December is coolest
 Temperature:
 Max: 32.10C
 Mean: 27.8 0C
 Min: 23.50C
 Seasons
 Dry season: Nov-Apr
 Wet season : May-Oct
 1,458mm of rainfall per year (May
to October)
 Annual relative humidity: 60-80%
 Day length : 11h-13h
 December : shortest
 June: longest
Data Source: MAFF, 2012
GDA
Soil Fertility in Cambodia
GDA
High Fertile Soil
Water Body
Low Fertile Soil
Medium Fertile
Data source: CARDI/MAFF,
Land Use
GDA
Agriculture
24%
Forest covered
56%
Grass land
6%
Shrub land
10%
Soil-Rock
0.2%
Urban Built Up 0.1%
Water Body
Data source: MAFF, 2012
3%
Agriculture in Cambodia
Fact
 Gross value added for agri (bn US$):2.1 (2012)
 Labour force: 8.8 mn (2012)
 Labor force by occupation:
GDA
Planting acreage 2012 (ths.ha)
Permance Rubber plant,
crops, 194
281
 57.6% population engaged in agriculture
 15.9 % engaged in industry
 26.5% engaged in services (2011)
Cash crops and
Industrial crops,
913
 2012 record grain (rice) harvests of 9.98 mn
tons
 2012 mill rice exports : 205,717 tons
 2012 record grain (maize, cassava, beans)
harvests of 10.85 mn tons
Rice, 2,980
Yield in 2012, tons per ha
Land






4.395 mn ha – agricultural land
2.98 mn ha – rice cultivate land
0.913 mn ha - Cash + Industrial crops land
0.194 mn ha – Permanence crops land
0.281 mn ha – Rubber plant
Average agri unit own or rent 2.2 ha (own
92% , rented – in 8%)
Bean
2
Cassava
20
Maize
4.5
Rice
3.1
0
Source of date: MEF, MoP, MAFF, 2012
5
10
15
20
25
Diversified Vegetation
Tonle Sap Region
 Rice, maize
Cassava
Sugarcane,
Jute
Fruits,
Livestock
Costal Region
 Fruits,
Livestock,
Rice, cassava
Green bean,
Black pepper,
Sesame
GDA
Mountainous Region
 Rubber plant, coffee,
Black pepper, fruits
Livestock (beef & diary)
Vegetable & flowers
Soybean, Peanut
Sesame
Mekong Plain Region
 Rice, maize, soybean
Livestock (pork, poultry)
Sesame, peanut
Vegetable & fruits
Paddy Land Distribution
GDA
Rainfed
lowland: 68%
Deep water/
floating:3%
Irrigated/dry
season: 27 %
Upland rice: 2%
Data source: MAFF, 2012
Paddy Rice distribute by Types
Source: MAFF, 2012
GDA
Typical Farming System
GDA
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
3.5
3.3
3.1
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.3
2.1
1.9
1.7
1.5
th/tons
9.3M/T
10000
9000
8000
7000
Surplus
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2008
2009
Total Production
2010
paddy surplus
2011
Rice surplus
2012
Data source: MAFF, 2012
Rice Production Status for Last 5 years (2008-12)
GDA
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Change
2012/2011
Cultivated
Areas(Ha)
2,615,741
2,719,080
2,795,892
2,968,529
3,007,454
1.11%
Harvested Areas
(Ha)
2,613,363
2,674,603
2,777,323
2,766,617
2,980,297
7.50%
2.746
2.836
2.970
3.173
3.117
-1.54%
7,175,473
7,585,870
8,249,452
8,779,365
9,290,940
5.84%
Descriptions
Yield (T/Ha)
Production (MT)
How to collect rice related statistics in Cambodia
GDA
• Two systems of rice statistics collection
– Area planting, harvesting / crop damages:
Reporting system from District
Provincial
National Level
– Crop Cutting Survey (Sampling techniques): Crop
yield
• This System is under responsible of
Department of Planning & Statistics/MAFF
GDA
Is there any rice production forecasting (estimation) system
• Cambodia has not yet set up the system to
forecast the rice crop production, but the RGC
has set up the policy on Promotion Paddy
Production and Export (2009 -15), Cambodia
can export ONE million tons of rice to the
world markets in year 2015.
• Based on Long / Medium term Strategic Plan
for Agricultural Development.
Do you use any satellite data for monitoring rice
GDA
• Cambodia has not fully use of satellite data for monitoring rice
crop. But in early 2013, government of Switzerland
incorporated with IRRI has initiated the pilot project, called:
Remote Sensing – Based Information and Insurance for Crops
in Emerging Economies (RIICE) within CARDI (Cambodia
Agricultural Research & Development Institute); is to reduce
vulnerability of small-holder farmers engaged in rice
production.
• RIICE project make use of remote sensing technology, based
on satellite data provided mainly by the European Space
Agency.
Government Policy: “Rectangular Strategy”
GDA
1
Further Rehabilitation and
Construction of Physical
Infrastructure
2
Good
Governance
Private Sector Development
and Employment
Enhancement of Agriculture Sector
3
Capacity Building and
Human Resource
Development
4
19
Rectangular Strategy
GDA
1
Enhancement of Agriculture Sector
1. Improving agricultural productivity
and diversification
2. Land reform and mine clearance
3. Fisheries reform
4. Forestry reform
20
Government Policy: “Promotion of paddy production
and export”
•
MAFF Policy Direction
 To ensure enough & safe food
availability for all people, reduce
poverty, increase GDP per capita and
sustainable natural resource
management & conservation.
 “To ensure food security, increase
incomes, create employment and
improve nutrition status for all people
by improving the productivity and
diversification and commercialization of
agriculture with environmentally sound
protection and food safety”.
 Policy Paper on “the Promotion of
Paddy Production and Rice Export”
was promulgated on 17th August 2010
by RGC and all concerned
stakeholders to develop “Action
Program” for efficient and effective
implementation. In this regard, the
RGC has set the year 2015 as the
target year to achieve paddy surplus of
more than 4 million tons and achieve
rice export of at least 1 mn tons.
GDA
Key Challenges / Issues
GDA
• Poor infrastructure for productions, processing and
marketing
• Low level of Post – harvest Technology and Marketing
accessibility
• Insufficient Institutes Capacity
• Irrigation Systems (up to 1.2 mn ha can access to water)
• Natural disasters (Floods and Droughts…), Climate
Change
• Lack of Investment Finances,
• High cost of power (electricity ),
• High cost of inputs prices (mostly imported)
Thanks for your kind attention