Transcript cooperative - E

ECONOMY ACTORS IN THE SYSTEM IN
INDONESIA'S ECONOMY
ECONOMIC AGENTS
State Owned Sector
Private Sector
Cooperative
Definition enterprises
The business entity is a unitary organization of capital and labor that aims for
profit, economic or juridical entity and are aimed at achieving a profit.
To achieve its objectives (profit), the enterprise must have company.
Definition of private sector
Private Owned Enterprises (BUMS) is a business entity whose capital
is owned by private parties.
Business entities have the functions and roles that are divided over
various kinds or types BUMS form.
Interest BUMS is profiteering as optimally as possible in developing
the business and capital and employment
PURPOSE Private sector
Help the government
to raise state revenues
through various taxes
Increase employment
to address
unemployment
Help the government
pursue production
activities in order to
improve the prosperity
of society
Increase the revenue of
the country from yng
private companies
conduct export and
import
Private sector ROLE IN THE ECONOMY
Helping to Improve
or increase state
revenue.
Opens help Job
Opportunities
+ BUMS
- BUMS
Quick decision-making because the owners of
capital are also sometimes become manager
Too concerned with making profits often do
not pay attention to the environment
As a contributor to the tax on government
coffers
Often have difficulty in getting a loan
Contribute to raising the Gross Domestic
Product (GDP)
Frequent occurrence of disagreement between
the management company and the unions
Fast in getting capital because the general
manager is also the owner
Pose unfair competition
Many accommodate labor
The flow of foreign exchange abroad
Forms of Private sector
Sole Proprietorship
CV
Firm Partnership
Foundation
Limited Liability Company
Definition of state owned enterprise
Venture capital entity wholly or partially owned by the
Government. Enterprise-servant status of those businesses are
SOE employees are not civil servants
PURPOSE OF STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES
Contribute to the
development of the
national economy in
general and state revenues
in particular.
Organize public in the
form of provision of goods
and / or services that are
high quality and adequate
for fulfillment of the lives
of many people.
Being a pioneer of
business activities that can
not be implemented by
the private sector and
cooperatives.
Participate actively
provide guidance and
assistance to employers of
economically weak
groups, cooperatives, and
community.
ROLE STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES IN
ECONOMY
as producers of goods and services for the fulfillment of livelihood
of many people.
as a pioneer in the business sectors in which private
demand has not, for the services of the public, opening
employment, foreign exchange earnings, assistant
development of small enterprises and cooperatives, as well
as drivers of community activities in various business fields
STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES
Advantages
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Mastering sectors vital to the lives of many people
Received assurances and support from the state
Capital is certain as it gets from the state capital
The company's survival is assured
As a source of state revenue
Deficiency
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Management of the factors of production are not efficient
Management of the company is less professional
Give rise to a monopoly on the vital sectors
Management of companies hampered by regulations that bind
Hard earned profits and often lose money
Type of SOE
PERJAN
PERUM
PERSERO
Perusahaan Negara Jawatan (PERJAN)
Forms of state-owned enterprises that
are wholly owned by the government.
Perjan space oriented service to the
community, so it is always a loss. Now
there is no state-owned companies that
use models Perjan because of the cost to
maintain Perjan-Perjan accordance with
Act (Act) No. 19 of 2003 on SOEs.
Example Perjan: PJKA (Company
Railway Bureau) has now changed into PT.
KAI.
Perusahaan Negara Jawatan (PERJAN) :
Advantages:
• Perjan capital guaranteed by the state, not for
profit (profit) for prioritizing service to the
community, so Perjan not affected by the state
of the market.
Deficiency:
• As a company less dependent included in its
development.
Perusahaan Negara Umum (PERUM)
Housing is Perjan that has changed. The
goal is no longer of service oriented but have
profit oriented. Housing is managed by the
state with employee status as a Public Servant.
But the company is still losing money despite
Perjan status changed to Perum, so the
government was forced to sell some shares to
the public Perum (go public) and its status was
changed into a limited company.
Perusahaan Negara Umum (PERUM) :
Advantages:
Deficiency:
All profits into profit Housing State.
Housing management is largely determined
by the ability of the State finances.
Provide services for the community.
A large number of rules (bureaucracy) can
inhibit the development of Perum.
Is a means to carry out the construction.
Housing management is economically
difficult to be accounted for.
Perusahaan Negara Terbatas (PERSERO)
One of the entities that are managed by the
State or Local. The objective of establishing the first
Persero is profiteering and the second to give
service to the public. Founding capital derived
partly or wholly from state property separated by
shares. Limited led by directors with employee
status of private employees. The business entity is
written PT <company name> (Persero).
Perusahaan Negara Terbatas (PERSERO) :
Advantages:
Deficiency:
For profit and the second to give service to the public.
Founding capital comes partially or completely separated
from the country's wealth in the form of shares.
Not obtained the State and its Personnel status as private
employees.
cooperartive
• Principles & Objectives
• Function & Role
• Policy, Principles and
Characteristics
• Types
cooperative
Cooperative is a business entity
consisting of a person or legal entity
with the bases cooperative activities
based on the principle of
cooperation as well as people's
economic movement based on the
principle of kinship.
Cooperative principle
Membership is open and
voluntary cooperatives.
Cooperation among
cooperatives
cooperative education
Independence.
Management conducted
democratically.
SHU division conducted
in a fair proportion to
their respective business
services.
Award remuneration is
limited to the capital.
The main objective is to develop the welfare of
Indonesian Cooperative members, in particular,
and society in general
The function and role of the cooperative:
Build and develop the
economic potential and
the ability of members
in particular and
society in general to
improve the economic
and social welfare.
Effectively participate
in the efforts to
enhance the quality of
community life.
Strengthening the
economy of the people
as the basis of the
strength and resilience
of the economy.
Policy, Principles and Characteristics Cooperative:
The owner is a member
of the customer at the
same time.
The highest authority is
the meeting of
members.
Diatus organization
democratically.
Tata implementation is
open to all members
The business unit is
held to the orientation
of serving members.
Profits divided by the
amount of service
members.
Mind map of the cooperative types
based on the
function
Based on
classical
theory
Based on the
level and area
of work
Types of
Cooperative
Based on the
type of
business
Under PP
60/1959
based on
membership
Types of cooperative by function:
1) Cooperative Consumption
Meeting the needs of the common, everyday members. What is certain goods sold in the cooperative
should be cheaper slammed somewhere else, because the cooperative aims for the welfare of its
members.
2) Cooperative Services
Its function is to provide financial services in the form of loans to its members. Of interest is pegged to be
more lace than a place to borrow money to another.
3) Cooperative Production
Assist in providing raw materials, production equipment supply, helping to produce certain types of
goods as well as helping to sell and market these productions. We recommend that members consist of
similar production units. The more the number of the supply of goods and sales of goods, the stronger
bargaining power against suppliers and buyers.
Types of cooperatives based on the level and area of work:
1) Primary Cooperative
Primary Cooperative is a cooperative that has at least as many as 20 individual members.
2) Cooperative Secondary
Is a cooperative consisting of a combination of cooperatives and agencies have spacious work area
coverage compared to the primary cooperatives.
Secondary cooperatives can be divided into:
Cooperative is the central co-operative with at least 5 primary cooperatives
The combined cooperative is a cooperative whose members minimum of three cooperative center
Indic Cooperative is a cooperative whose members are a minimum of three joint cooperative
Types of cooperative according to the efforts
1) Credit Unions (KSP)
Cooperative which has a single effort that is accommodating member savings and serve borrowing. Members who save will
receive remuneration for services and services subject to the borrower. The amount of services for savers and borrowers is
determined by a meeting of members. From here, the cooperative business activities can be said to be "of, by, and for the
members."
2) Business Multipurpose Cooperative (KSU)
Cooperative whose scope of business manifold. For example, savings and loan business unit, unit shops to serve the daily needs of
the community are also members, unit production, unit kiosks.
3) Cooperative Consumption
Cooperative whose scope of business to provide the daily needs of members. The need is for instance the need of food, clothing,
household furnishings.
4) Cooperative Production
Cooperative whose scope of business to make goods (produced) and sell collectively sama.Anggota this cooperative generally
own efforts and through cooperative members get funding and marketing.
Types of cooperative according the members
1) Village Unit Cooperatives (KUD)
Co-operative with rural communities. This cooperative effort rural economic activities, especially
agriculture. To that end, the activities carried out KUD include providing fertilizer, pest eradication of drug
crops, seeds, agricultural tools, and provide technical knowledge of agriculture.
2) Employees Cooperative Republic of Indonesia (KPRI)
The cooperative is comprised of civil servants. Before KPRI, this cooperative called Koperasi Pegawai
Negeri (KPN). KPRI aimed mainly boosting welfare state workers (members) .KPRI can be established in
the scope of the department or agency.
3) Cooperative School
The school has a cooperative member of the school community, the teachers, staff, and school
siswa.Koperasi business activities provide the needs of the school community, such as textbooks,
stationery, food, and other cooperative school lain.Keberadaan not merely as an economic activity but as a
medium of education for students, among others, organizing, leadership, responsibility, and honesty.
types of cooperative according to PP No.
60/1959 :
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
Cooperative Village
Agricultural Cooperatives
Cooperative Livestock
Industry Cooperative
Saving And Loan Cooperative
Fisheries Cooperative
Cooperative Consumption
Types of cooperative according to classical
theory:
1) Cooperative Usage
2) Cooperative Producers Or Production
3) Saving And Loan Cooperative
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