Transcript presentation

VIETNAM HIGHER EDUCATION
REFORM FOR THE NATION’S
DEVELOPMENT
Dr. Nguyen Thi Le Huong
Deputy Director General, Dept. of Higher Education
Ministry of Education and Training, Vietnam
Macau SAR, PR China 26th September 2008
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VIET NAM OVERVIEW
Land 330.900 km2
Population 84 mil.,1.2% growth rate
GDP 2007 USD 70 billion.
GDP per capita 833 USD
HDI 0.709 (109 of 177)
Economic Growth 2007 8.48%
WTO Member Since November, 2006
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RATE OF GROWTH IN SECTORS
200000
180000
160000
140000
120000
Agr.m Forest, Fishery
Industry
100000
80000
Service
60000
40000
20000
0
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
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P.
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Added value
GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRY&CONSTRUCTION,
SERVICE SECTORS
x billion. VND
1996 -2006, the average
rate of growth annually in
 Industry & construction
sector: 10.3%
 Service sector: 7.3%
 Agriculture, forest and
fishery: 3.9%
 Industry and service
sectors require a large
amount of skilled
workforce and high
demand for appropriate
training
YEARS
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CHANGES IN EMPLOYED POPULATION
BY ECONOMIC SECTOR
Labor (x1000)
50000.0
45000.0
40000.0
Total labor
35000.0
30000.0
Agricultural labor
25000.0
20000.0
Industrial&construction
labor
15000.0
10000.0
Service labor
5000.0
0.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Years
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Total employed population
in 3 sector (x1,000)
37,610
38,563
39,508
40,574
41,586
42,527
43,347
Agr., Forest, Fishery
24,481
24,468
24,456
24,443
24,431
24,343
24,123
Industry and construction
4,930
5,552
6,085
6,671
7,217
7,740
8,193
Service
8,199
8,542
8,967
9,459
9,939
10,445
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11,032
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VN HIGHER EDUCATION 2008



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369 universities and colleges (64 private, account for 17,34%)
1.6 million students. GER ~13%
188 students /10,000 population
56,000 faculties (teaching staff), ratio of students to faculty 28
 5,900 PhD. holders as faculties (<11% total teaching staff)
 314 full professors; 1,845 associate professors
 Few research at universities (3% of universities revenues)
 Weak linkage with the industry
 Obsolete equipment for teaching and research, outdated
curriculum and teaching method
 Low funding  low spending on teaching and research
LOW QUALITY OF GRADUATES
(DO NOT MEET THE INDUSTRY’S SKILL REQUIREMENTS )
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GRADUATE SKILL’S RESPONSIVENESS
Theoretical Knowledge
Very good
Practice Skills
Good
Partial
General Skills
None
Source: Labour Market Survey of Ministry of Labour – Invalids and Social Affairs and ADB, 20036
DISTRIBUTION OF TERTIARY ENROLLMENT
BY INCOME QUINTILE
Poorest
Near Poorest
Middle
Near Richest
Richest
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Source: Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey, 2004
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FUNDING FOR EDUCATION
Expenditure on education
(bil. VND)
2000
2002
2004
2006
2007
Total expenditure
25,701
33,143
49,427
73,186
89,860 101,481
In which: - budget expenditure
18,386
22,541
34,872
54,798 66,875 72,520
7,315
10,602
14,555
18,388 22,985 28,961
28.46
31.99
29.4
- private’s expenditure
Ratio of private/total expenditure (%)
25.1
25.58
2008
28.54
 State budget for education increased from 4.2% of GDP in 2000 to
5.6% in 2006;
 Private contribution fluctuated between 1.7%
 Total funding from public and private sectors increased from 5.8% of
GDP in 2000 to 7.5 % of GDP in 2006, mainly from the increase of
public budget
 The ratio of private sector expenditure to total expenditure on
education: 25.58% in 2007 and will be 28.54% in 2008 as estimate
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THE NEED FOR
HUMAN RESOURCE TRAINING
 The labor force demand in general:
 not enough skilled or trained workforce for the industry
 possibility to import trained workforce to Vietnam: 49.9% of the
labor with college training and below, 46.5% for labor with HE
 distribution of foreign labor: administrative role - 31.8%, technical
expert - 41.2% and other is 27%.
 The labor force demand of banking – finance:
 2007: account 9.5-9.8%GDP, need of labor increase 383%
 2020: account 18-20%GDP, a question for labor force?
 The labor force demand of IT (FDI increase rapidly. Intel
Vietnam, Renesas Company, Fox Con Corperation, Compal
Company, Samsung, Quang Trung Software Park)
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HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM FOR
NATION’S DEVELOPMENT
Higher Education Reform Agenda 2006 – 2020
 General Objectives: By 2020, Vietnam has an
advanced HE system by international standards
 Specific objectives:
 completion of the national network of HEIs
 new curriculums development, quality assurance & accreditation
 establishment some HEIs meeting international standards.
 increasing HE enrollment to 200 students per 10,000 population
by 2010, and 450 by 2020
 at last 40% of instructors with masters degree and 25% with
doctoral degree by 2010,
 most of instructors with doctoral degree by 2020.
 increasing revenue from S&T to at least 15% of the total HEI
revenue by 2010 and 25% by 2020.
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TASKS AND SOLUTIONS
TO HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM
 in structures of degrees and system of
universities
 in training programs and teaching/learning
methods
 in lecturing staff and higher education managers
 in research and development
 in financial mechanism of higher education
 in higher education management
 in international integration process of HE
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IMPLEMENTING THE HIGHER EDUCATION
REFORM AGENDA
 Implementing the advanced programs in selected Uni.
 Initiating and promoting the connection between
training and using labor force
 Reforming the financing mechanism for HE in the
framework of sharing expenditure among State,
learners, and communities
 Implementing the training and providing administrative
and management skills for education administrators
through courses, practical training in VN or abroad
 Implementing projects of profession and application
with the support of the Dutch Government’s ODA
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IMPLEMENTING THE HIGHER EDUCATION
REFORM AGENDA (CONT.)
 Implementing the project of training 20 thousand PhD for
HEIs from now to 2020
 Applying the credit system in HE
 The 10-year program for improvement of English
teaching quality and application in Vietnam
 Establishing two high quality universities, helping them
become world ranking universities of Vietnam
 Forming Center of Workforce Forecasting at Ministry of
Labor, Invalid and Social Affairs
 Higher Education Law has been drafted and expected to
be proposed to the National Assembly by end of 2010
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FUTURE PLAN - FIVE DIRECTIONS
Introduce performance, based system in
education management
Improve autonomy, efficiency and
accountability of HE institutions
Improve the efficiency of financial
management of HE
Further decentralization
Develop multi-tier higher education system
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THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
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