Transcript Ghanabackgroundpresentation2011x

DEVELOPING GHANA
Tommy Dewick
Ashley Ozery
Kara Werner
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
Definition of Development
Economy
Education
The State
Agriculture
Healthcare
Infrastructure
Proposal Ideas
Conclusion
DEFINITION OF DEVELOPMENT
Economic Growth + Social Change
MEASURING DEVELOPMENT
EDUCATION
“Higher educational levels are ends in themselves, but education is
also a means.”
EDUCATION (CONT.)
Primary Net Enrollment Rate
100
90
80
70
60
2000
50
2008
40
30
20
10
0
Burkina Faso
Ghana
South Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
(developing)
World
EDUCATION (CONT.)
Primary Completion Rate
100
90
80
70
60
Adults (15+)
50
Youth (15-24)
40
30
20
10
0
Benin
Togo
Ghana
Cote d'Ivoire
World
EDUCATION (CONT.)
Free and
Compulsory
Universal Basic
Education
EDUCATION CONT.
“Teacher Training Colleges are inefficient in
producing effective teachers since the trainees
and tutors have so little exposure to actual
schools and classrooms”
THE STATE
“Economic development requires a government oriented towards
development. The government has many roles to play”
THE STATE (CONT.)
THE SUCCESS STORY OF AFRICA
Voice and Accountability:
60.7%
 Rule of Law 51.9%
AGRICULTURE



56% of labor force by occupation
40% of GDP
Second largest cocoa producer in the world
AGRICULTURE (CONT’D)
Malnutrition Prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
1994
1999
2003
2006
“a malnourished man ’cannot rise significantly above an animal existence’”
--- Dudley Seers
AGRICULTURE - MALNOURISHMENT
Incidence of Poverty
Percent of Children Underweight
HEALTHCARE
HEALTHCARE – POPULATION GROWTH
Population Growth (annual %)
4
World
Ghana
Sub-Saharan Africa
South Africa
3
2
1
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
Ghana’s population growth rate is 2.1% a year
2009
HEALTHCARE – FERTILITY RATE
Fertility Rate (births per woman)
8
World
Ghana
7
Sub-Saharan Africa
South Africa
6
5
4
3
2
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2008
Ghana’s fertility rate is 4.0 children per woman
HEALTHCARE – LIFE EXPECTANCY
Life Expectancy, Ghana
70
65
60
55
50
Life Expectancy (total years)
45
70
40
65
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2008
60
World
L
i
f
e
e
55
Ghana
50
Sub-Saharan Africa
South Africa
45
40
HEALTHCARE – HIV/AIDS
Leading killer of Ghanaian people
 1.9% prevalence rate

INFRASTRUCTURE - ROADS

14.9% of roads in Ghana are paved

Paved roads are mainly found near cities
INFRASTRUCTURE - TELECOMMUNICATIONS
4.3% of Ghanaians have access to the internet
 50% of Ghanaians have mobile subscriptions

INFRASTRUCTURE – WATER ACCESS

74% of rural and 90% of urban Ghana has
access to clean water
AREAS FOR POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

Quality of educators
 Reduce
absenteeism
 Increase number of teachers
 Retraining sessions

HIV/AIDS outreach programming
 Improve
social stigma
 Educate about HIV-prevention
 Expand information regarding treatment

Target rural areas
CONCLUDING REMARKS
Ghana is a medium-developed country
 Progress is being made in various sectors
 Education and healthcare are two of the most
important areas

QUESTIONS?