Transcript An overview of the Social Protection Floor Initiative

An overview of the Social
Protection Floor Initiative
Valerie Schmitt
Social Security Specialist, ILO DWT Bangkok
Civil Society Forum on Social Protection Floor in Thailand
23 February 2012, Karnmanee Palace Hotel , Bangkok
Structure of the presentation
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What is the social protection floor?
What is the SPF initiative?
Why do we need the SPF?
How do we implement the SPF?
What is the Social Protection Floor?
A mechanism to:
• Protect people from poverty
through a guarantee of income
security
• help people meet their basic needs
• & develop individual capabilities
A mechanism
providing protection
against the financial
consequences of risks
(9 contingencies)
The SPF is the first step towards higher
levels of social protection
Level of
CSMBS (7% coverage
population)
SSS (15%
population)
NSF for
informal
economy
workers
SSS for
informal
economy
workers
UCS & 500 Baht scheme
Poor
-
Informal economy
-
Form. Sect.
The SPF is defined in terms of guarantees

All residents have access to essential health care


All children enjoy income security through transfers in
cash or kind  access to nutrition, education and care
All those in active age groups who cannot earn sufficient
income enjoy a minimum income security (transfer in cash
or in kind & employment guarantee schemes)
 All residents in old age and with disabilities have income
security through pensions or transfers in kind
Many elements of the SPF are already here
in Asia Relevance, South South
India: RSBY, NREGA
Cambodia: CARD’s
NSPS with clear
reference to the SPF
… including HEFs,
CBHIs, Food
distribution, PWPs,…
Thailand: UC scheme,
minimum pension
scheme (500 THB)
Indonesia: Jamkesmas,
Jampersal, PKH, Rice
for the poor, PNPM
China: minimum living
standard guarantee
program; new rural
corporative medical care
(NRCMC); health
insurance for urban
uninsured residents
(HIUR); rural old-age
pension
Lao: extension of SHP
for all
Philippines: 4Ps
Vietnam: 10 years
Social security strategy
Structure of the presentation
•
•
•
•
What is the social protection floor?
What is the SPF initiative?
Why do we need the SPF?
How do we implement the SPF?
The SPF initiative
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•
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UN CEB initiative
April 2009
Leadership ILO & WHO
17 UN agencies
Int. NGOs
Development partners
Global/regional/country
activities
The SPF Web Page on GESS
http://www.ilo.org/gimi/gess/ShowTheme.do?tid=1321
The SPF initiative
Global level
1. International coalition of UN agencies, NGOs and development partners
under leadership of ILO and WHO
2. International advocacy and endorsement at global level, ex: G20 Summit
3. Technical and financial support
4. Capacity building, ex: ITC ILO Turin courses
5. Tools and methodologies, ex: Joint SPF-I manual, ILO-UNICEF simplified
rapid assessment protocol
6. Knowledge sharing, ex: GESS platform, “Sharing innovative Experiences,
Successful social protection floor experiences (18 countries)”, the “Bachelet
Report”
The SPF initiative
Regional level in Asia-Pacific
1. Advocacy and endorsement at the regional level,
ex: contribution to UN ESCAP publication, APRM (Dec 2011),
7th ASEAN SOMSWD in Sept 2011
2. Technical support, tools and methodologies, ex: UNDG-AP Issues
brief on social protection, Assessment Based National Dialogue
participatory approach
3. Capacity building, ex: Assessment course in Nov 2010 in Bangkok,
Training tools available on line
4. Knowledge sharing, ex: GESS platform with many workspaces and
country pages, regional research e.g. on income security for
working age
The SPF initiative
Country level in Thailand
1. Creation of the SPF Team – ILO, UNDP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNICEF,
UN Women, and WHO (March 2010) – collaboration of Academia,
Line Ministries (MSDHS, MoL, MoH…), Civil society
2. Advocacy and endorsement at the national level, ex:
Development Cooperation Seminar on social protection (Nov
2010), SPF included in the UNPAF on social protection
3. Technical support, tools and methodologies, ex: Assessment
Based National Dialogue, development of joint programme to
support the implementation of the UNPAF - SP
4. Capacity building, ex: Workshop on costing in May 2012, Training
tools
5. Knowledge sharing, ex: GESS pages & workspaces
Video “Building a SPF in Thailand”
Brochure “The Social Protection Floor Joint Team
in Thailand, a replicable experience for other
UN country teams”
Structure of the presentation
•
•
•
•
What is the social protection floor?
What is the SPF initiative?
Why do we need the SPF?
How do we implement the SPF?
Why do we need the SPF?
• Persistent poverty,
polarization, inequalities
have increased in Asia
• APRM: towards more
inclusive societies
• Other reasons:
– Financial crisis: stabilizer of
individual’s income and
aggregate demand
– Development of domestic &
regional markets
– Social cohesion,
empowerment of women,
disaster management
The SPF is an accelerator of the social
security extension
• China, Rwanda, Thailand or Viet Nam have
achieved large scale and near universal basic
coverage in a very short period
Thailand
The SPF is affordable
Total additional costs to fill the gaps toward the SPF components
as a percentage of GDP
3.0
3. Working age
income security
(scenario 1 - high cost
)
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.75
0.74
0.72
0.71
2017
2018
2019
2020
0.79
0.8
0.78
2016
0.82
0.7
0.81
2015
0.81
0.89
0.91
0.6
0.52
0.6
0.85
0.0
2013
0.5
0.2 0.35
2011 0.16
1.0
2012 0.35 0.5
0.71
1.5
2014
0.93
2.0
1.00
1.02
2.5
20100.00
Total child benefit cost as percentage of GDP
Results of the costing in Viet Nam, using ILO costing tool
2.b Child benefit
(scenario 2bTargeted for ALL poor
children cash and
kind )
1a. Old age pension
for uncovered (65+)
The SPF is an investment (not a cost)
Structure of the presentation
•
•
•
•
What is the social protection floor?
What is the SPF initiative?
Why do we need the SPF?
How do we implement the SPF?
National Social Protection Floors
• Not a one size fits all approach : each country defines
the levels of benefits that it can/is willing to provide
• Each country also decides how
to do it – through universal
schemes, targeted social
assistance, social insurance, a
combination…
A long way to go
Assessments
(including costing)
Policy choices
Fiscal space analysis
and tax reform
Design & impl. of schemes
Improving existing schemes
Integrated approaches &
other mechanisms to reach
out beneficiaries
…
Policy policy… what about
implementation?
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How to reach out final
beneficiaries, facilitate
registration?
How to share standardized
administrative functions?
How to provide an adapted and
comprehensive support
answering to the specific needs
of the households?
How to update databases of final
beneficiaries and utilization?
How to best involve CSOs and
local administration?
How to coordinate at
decentralized level and national
level the implementation of the
SPF?
Consultation
& update

Databases /
beneficiaries,
utilization