Transcript Chapter 10 Economic Geography/Industry

By: Lynn Brantley

Industry
Definition - the aggregate of
manufacturing or technically
productive
enterprises in a particular
field
Ex. Textiles, Steel
Industrialization – the largescale introduction of manufact
uring, advanced technical ent
erprises
Types of regions in the United
States
The Rustbelt
-Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan,
Indiana
The Sunbelt
-Alabama, Texas, Mississippi,
Georgia, Florida
Outsourcing: Turning over much of
the responsibility for production in
independent suppliers.
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
Bulk-reducing Industry:
An industry in which the
final product weighs less
or is of less volume than
the inputs used to make it
Ex. Paper Industry
Bulk-gaining Industry:
An industry in which the
final product is a greater
volume than its inputs
Ex. Soda Industry
Labor-Intensive Industry:
Where wages and
compensation constitute
a high % epenses.
Cottage Industry: Where
people made tools and
equipment before the
Industrial Revolution.
BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India,
China) are the most
recent flourishing
countries in industries.

Substitution Principle
Definition: When companies
move because the cheaper
cost of labor compensates for
the transportation cost.
Ex. Moving factory to Sunbelt to
have cheaper labor
Mexico maquiladoras:
Definition: Manufacturing
operations in a free trade
zone.
-Ex. Why
-NAFTA
-Cheaper Labor
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Agglomerate
Definition: Clumping together of industries for mutual
advantage.
- Labor intensive
-More customers (Gas Stations)
- Same supplies
Deglomerate: occurs when the market becomes
saturated with a particular industry, creating too much
competition and forcing some businesses to shut down.
- Pollution
- Competition
A
concept developed by
Alfred Weber to describe
the optimal location of a
manufacturing
establishment in relation
to the costs of transport
and labor, and the relative
advantages of
agglomeration or
deglomeration
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Economy Geography:
Definition: geography of an
economy: a branch of
geography that deals with
the distribution and use of
an area's economic
resources
GDP (Gross Domestic
Product) is the dollar
amount of all final goods and
services produced within a
country's borders in a year.
HDI (Human development index)
Indicator of level of development for each
country, constructed by United Nations,
combining income, literacy, education,
and life expectancy
Asian Tigers:
Singapore
Hong Kong
Taiwan
South Korea

Structuralist model of
economic growth. Says
that modernizing
countries go through 5
steps to maturity linearly.
STAGES OF GROWTH
Traditional society
Preconditions for take-off
Take-off
Drive to maturity
Age of High mass
consumption

Stage 1:Traditional Society - Agriculturally based
"Nonproductive" activities- Military, religion
Stage 2: Preconditions take off: Innovative economic
activities
Invest in new tech. , increase productivity
Stage 3: Takeoff - Rapid growth in economic activities
Some regions are productive, some are dominated by
traditional practices
Stage 4: Drive to Maturity - Modern tech. diffuses
Workers more skilled and specialized
Stage 5: Age of Mass Consumption - Production of Heavy
industry->Consumer goods
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Making raw materials (fishing & farming)
Production of product
Selling of the product in stores (clerks)
Provides research of product (professor)
Makes head decisions of company (CEO)
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ography