Transcript Presentation to The World Bank

Presentation
on
“Public Private Partnerships”
in Fiduciary Forum, 2010
at The World Bank, Washington, D.C.
(1st – 5th March, 2010)
By
Mr. B.K. Chaturvedi
Member, Planning Commission
Government of India
New Delhi
 Background
CONTENTS
 Economy & Related Issues (Slides No. 3 – 10)
 Public Private Partnership (PPP)
 Infrastructure & PPP (Slide No.11)
 Basic Parameters & Related
(Slides No. 12 – 29)
Development
 Case Studies
 NOIDA Toll Bridge (Slide No. 31)
 Bengaluru Airport (Slide No. 32)
 Indian Experience
 Lessons Learnt ( (Slides No. 33 – 34)
2
Indian Economy
 One billion people. 1/6th of world’s population.
 GDP of $ 1.2 trillion. World’s 4th largest, in PPP
terms.
 GDP growth during 2004-08 between 8% - 9%.
 In spite of global slowdown Indian economy grew at
6.7% during 2008-09 & 7% - 7.5% in 2009-10, even
as global GDP fell by 0.8% in 2009.
 Large share of young persons with higher skill levels
 Foreign Exchange reserves of $ 279 billion &
growing.
3
Economic Fundamentals
 Central Govt.’s Fiscal Deficit < 3.2% in 2007-08. Increased
in 2008-09 & 2009-10 as stimulus provided to maintain
growth. Plans to revert back gradually to a fiscal deficit of
around 3% during the next 3 - 4 years.
 Savings rate increased to 36% (2007-08). Declined in
2008-09 to 32% due to increase in Govt. deficit.
 Economic growth driven by industrial & services sectors
growing at 8% - 10% p.a., with agriculture at 4% p.a.
during 2006-09. In current year, agriculture has not
grown due to highly adverse weather conditions.
 A strong and well regulated banking system, well
capitalized banks with small NPAs.
 Steady flow of Foreign Direct Investments & growing.
4
Impact of Global Financial Crisis on India
12%
Total GDP
Non-Farm GDP
Industrial GDP
GDP fell by
200 bps,
industrial
GDP by
much more.
Growth
recovery has
been equally
sharp
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
2007-08
Q-4
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
2008-09
Q-4
Q-1
Q-2
Q-3
Q-4
2009-10
5
Break out in the Investment Rate
Investment Rate
40%
Has shown a
dip in 2008/09
due to fall in
inventory
Expected to be
37-38% of GDP
in next two
years
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
2012
2010
2008
2006
2004
2002
2000
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982
1980
10%
6
Infrastructure Development Deficit
 Low per capita use of Electric Power. 1/4th of world average. 14%
peaking deficit & 10% energy shortage. 800 GW additionally required by
2030. Present capacity 150 GW.
 Large but saturated Rail network. Average speed: Freight 25 kmph &
Mail/Express Passenger 50 kmph. Need to improve Freight to Tare Ratio
of wagons from present 2.5 to carry larger freight traffic & improve
energy efficiency.
 Need to expand Road network, improve ride quality & develop fast
express ways. 65,590 km of National Highways carrying 40% of traffic
with 12% 4-lane, 50% 2-lane and 38% single-lane.
 Port traffic growing at 10%-11% p.a. Need to double Port capacities with
new berths, substantially modernize & improve mechanization &
undertake dredging to enable handling of large ships.
 Need to develop modern Airports & meet growing air capacity
requirement of domestic & international traffic.
 Telecom density 48% (Dec.2009) & growing rapidly. Broadband
penetration is only about 10%. Expansion both in rural & urban areas. 7
Estimated Infrastructure Investment
Requirement for XI Plan
US $
in Billions
Sector
Electricity (incl. NCE)
Share
%
166.6
32.4
Roads & Bridges
78.5
15.3
Railways (Incl. MRTS)
65.5
12.7
Ports
22.0
4.3
7.7
1.5
64.6
12.6
Others
109.1
21.2
Total
514.0
100.0
Airports
Telecommunications
Estimated share of investment to GDP:
Private: 2.9%
Public : 6.5%
Total : 9.3%
8
Gross Capital Formation in Infrastructure
& Private Investment thereof
100
92.7
90
87.1
80
US $ in Billions
70
60
50
40.9
40
30
33.4
21.6
20
10
44.8
13.7
5.3
0
2000-01
2004-05
2007-08
Total
Of which Private
2008-09
9
Gross Capital Formation in Infrastructure
2004-05
2008-09
US $ in Billions
Electricity
16.8
5.8
Railways
10.7
22.0
Airports
5.9
Roads & Bridges
7.8
2.9
6.0
0.2
Communications
28.7
2.7
16.3
Others (incl. Ports)
% of GDP
Sector
2004-05
2008-09
Public
2.8%
4.1%
Private
2.0%
3.9%
Total
4.8%
8.0%
10
Infrastructure & PPP Projects
 The XI Plan strategy is to develop Infrastructure sector rapidly to step
up growth rates. 30% of total investment in infrastructure from
private capital.
 Government of India policy mandates employment of public private
partnerships (PPPs) extensively in all infrastructure sub-sectors.
 PPPs offer following advantages in the Indian context:
 Allows private sector entry where underlying asset (land, tourist sights) is
owned by govt.
 Reduce pressure on govt. budget & release resources for social sectors,
where the need is acute and pressing.
 Focus on service delivery & performance through performance
benchmarks, penalty & incentives in contracts.
 PPP combines the advantages of both sectors:
 Social responsibility & public accountability of public sector;
 Finance, technology, managerial efficiency & entrepreneurship of private
sector.
11
Basic Parameters of PPP Projects
 PPP Projects are an arrangement between Govt./Govt. Entities
(GE) & private players. The process envisages
 Govt./GE invites private players to build infrastructure or other
capital assets as per prescribed performance parameters.
 The concessionaire is selected based on notified bidding parameters.
 The contract between Govt./GE & concessionaire defines delivery of
infrastructure services against specified payment of user charges or
annuities.
 User charges are predetermined in accordance with Rules,
Regulations or Act.
 In most sectors, the asset is generally returned to Govt./GE by the
Concessionaire at the end the concession period.
 Govt./Private concessionaire share the risk during the concession
period as per the agreement.
12
Approval of PPP Projects of Central Government
 The PPP Projects identified and prioritized through consultation with Planning
Commission and Ministry concerned (the planning process).
 The PPP Project Report of the concerned Central Govt. Ministry/CPSUs/ Govt.
Entity is prepared with assistance of legal, technical & financial experts.
 Appraisal & clearance by PPP Appraisal Committee (PPPAC). The Committee is
chaired by Finance Secretary & includes Secretaries of Departments of
Expenditure, Planning Commission, Legal Affairs & administrative Ministry.
 The Projects are based on Model Concession Agreements (MCA) to encourage stability
and transparency in risk sharing frameworks. Performance parameters in accordance
with the prescribed Manual for Standards and Specifications (MSS).
 Projects not prepared in accordance with standard MCA require more detailed
scrutiny & ‘in principle’ approval of PPPAC.
 For projects with low capital investment, the appraisal procedure is further simplified.
 Approval of the Project by the Minister concerned, Finance Minister or Cabinet/
Cabinet Committee (cost of the Project determines level of approval).
13
Regulatory Mechanism
 Current Regulatory Mechanism in India provides for Competition Act to ensure
free & fair competition & has strong safeguards. Set up only recently under the
Competition Act & has been operationalized recently (2009).
 Sectoral regulators established:

Airport : Airport Economic Regulatory Authority set up under the Airport Economic Regulatory Authority of
India Act, 2008 & provides for Regulatory Tariff & standards of services.

Port : Tariff Authority for Major Ports (TAMP) fixes tariffs of major Ports. Tariffs of minor ports are determined
by State Govt.s.

Power : Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) is the Central regulator with wide ranging functions,
from tariff fixation to defining terms of service delivery & dispute adjudication. State ERCs exist in most States
and Union Territories (UTs) of the country.

Telecom: Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) oversees the functioning of the telecom and media
sectors and also has a wide mandate.
 Regulation by contract:

Road, Railway & Urban Transport : There are currently no regulators in these sectors. The Concession
Agreement provides regulation by contract.

MCA for the Road sector is a standard template on the basis of which other agencies prepare their respective
MCAs.

Standard methodology prescribed for ‘duly approved’ MCA under appraisal by PPPAC.

MCAs for other sectors, e.g., urban transport, greenfield airports, railway stations and urban water &
sanitation are in the process of finalization.
14
Streamlined Bid Process for PPP Projects
 Extensive consultative process with all stakeholders was launched to
develop standard documents for bidding of PPP Projects.
 Model Concession Agreement (MCA)/Request for Qualification
(RFQ)/Request for Proposal (RFP) developed based on above. These
are being used by PPP projects being bid out.
 State Govt.s encouraged to promote PPP Projects. If modifications
required by them in standard MCA/RFQ/RFP Documents, they do so as
deemed appropriate.
 Model Bidding Documents– RFQ & RFP notified by Ministry of Finance.
 Project Development expenditure supported
Infrastructure Project Development Fund (IIPDF).
through
India
 The IIPDF supports up to 75% of the project development expenditure,
with the objective to reduce the burden of procurement on the budgets of
Central Ministries, States & Municipalities, and to encourage transparency
in the bid process.
15
Financial Grants to PPP Projects
 PPP Project sponsor in Central/State Govt. has option to apply to
Ministry of Finance for Viability Gap Funding.
 Projects eligible :
 If concessionaire selected through open competitive bidding.
 Projects in specified Infrastructure sector: Transport, Urban Sector, Power,
Tourism infrastructure and SEZs.
 Appraisal by Department of Economic Affairs, Planning Commission and
Expenditure.
 Financial grant or VGF available up to 20% of project cost as capital
grant; with additional 20% grants, if Govt./GE so decides & provides
funds for it.
 Empowered Institution/Committee set up for quick processing of
Cases. For amounts exceeding Rs. 200 crores approval of Finance
Minister required.
 The VGF is disbursed after private partner has subscribed and
expended the equity contribution required for the Project.
16
Infrastructure Finance
 Commercial banks main source of debt, have asset liability mismatch problem.
 India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) was established in 2006 to
provide long term debt for financing infrastructure projects.
 IIFCL lends to public sector, PPP, or private sector. Lending up to 20% of project cost.
 Borrowings of IIFCL guaranteed by Govt., hence, has access to low cost funds.
 A scheme for IIFCL to refinance existing infrastructure loans approved by Govt.
 IIFCL is expected to commence ‘takeout’ financing shortly. Proposal for encouraging
credit enhancement through IIFCL being examined.
 IIFC (UK) Ltd established at London. Operated with the objective of using foreign
exchange reserves for meeting capital expenditure outside India.
 Dedicated infrastructure fund set up by State Bank of India (SBI), Infrastructure
Development and Finance Corporation (IDFC) & Unit Trust of India Asset
Management Company (UTI AMC) to increase flow of equity investments.
 Guidelines of insurance and pension regulatory authorities are being liberalized
to facilitate flow of long term funds for infrastructure.
17
Capacity Building for PPP Projects
 PPP Cells set up in Central Ministries & State Govt.s to develop new
Projects, with the following objectives:
 Building capacity at State ,Central Ministry Level;
 Supporting pilot projects;
 Building enabling frameworks: Advocacy, Policy development,
templates for urban sector, infrastructure need gap studies;
developing
 Development of websites, MIS frameworks and project databases;
 Capacity building initiatives – policy makers, departments and municipalities;

Sectoral studies and status papers.
 National Programme on Capacity Building for PPPs to be launched in
collaboration with World Bank and KfW in 2010. 20 institutes at
national and state levels to be covered.
 Developing Online sector specific toolkits, Standard templates, risk
frameworks, contingent liability frameworks.
 Capacity Building programmes taken up at various reputed institutes
of management to develop expertise in setting up these projects &
exchange learning experience.
18
Communication & Information
 Communication Strategy being
developed for advocacy &
awareness among stake holders
 www.pppinindia.com – exclusively
devoted
to
PPP
policies/
programmes/ initiatives in the
States & Central Ministries.
 An online PPP projects database,
www.pppindiadatabase.com
provides information on over 450
PPP Projects in the country.
19
Progress of PPP Projects
Sector
Projects Completed &
under Implementation
Projects in Pipeline
Projects Overall
No.
Cost
(US $ Billion)
No.
Cost
(US $ Billion)
No.
Cost
(US $ Billion)
Power
270
93
7
5
15
26.7
19.0
6.0
1.0
8.1
167
46
7
53
33
25.2
7.5
0.9
19.6
14.2
437
139
14
58
48
51.9
26.5
6.9
20.7
22.4
Urban
Infrastructure
244
11.3
133
13.2
377
24.5
125
759
11.6
83.8
154
593
8.9
89.5
279
1,352
20.5
173.3
Roads
Ports
Airports
Railways
Others
Total
Source : Planning Commission, Government of India.
20
Private Sector Participation (1990 - 2008)
(Comparative Position of India & Other Developing Countries)
(US $ in Billions)
Sector
Investment Commitment
India
China
Brazil
Argentina
Energy
45.9
37.3
76.0
29.5
Telecom
52.9
14.5
107.6
29.3
Transport
24.8
47.4
32.1
14.1
Water &
Sewerage
0.3
8.4
4.6
8.2
123.9
107.7
220.3
81.1
Total
Source: ppi.worldbank.org
Bidding Parameters in PPP Projects & Consumer Tariff
 Roads & Urban Transport/Metro - Viability Gap Funding
(i) Upfront grant to concessionaire to ensure commercial viability.
(ii) Revenue share to be paid over project life, if project is profitable.
 Airport, Port & Railway Container Trains - Revenue Share : The
bidders are required to indicate the revenue share which they
will offer during the concession period to the Government.
 Power - Tariff :
(i) Selection of prospective bidders for setting up power plants is based
on best offer of per unit of generation tariff.
(ii) For Transmission Lines, the bidding parameter is levelized tariff over
the concession period of the project.
 Need to monitor Project cost to ensure reasonable cost of service
to consumers.
22
PPP in Roads
 National Highway Development Programme for 45,974 km with
39,694 km (86%) through PPP. Estimated investment $ 48.6
billion up to 2012.
 117 Projects with an investment of $ 14.1 billion awarded &
another 81 projects with $ 16.9 billion investment to be
awarded shortly. Total of more than 10,000 km completed.
 Projects connecting major metropolis of Delhi, Mumbai,
Chennai & Kolkata implemented. Also, North, South, East &
West corridors connecting projects taken up.
 Projects with aggregate length of 6,500 km of 6-Lane, 1,000 km
of Express ways & Bypass Roads to be implemented.
 Several major State Govts. have taken initiatives to implement
construction of roads through PPP mode.
23
Addressing Concerns of Stakeholders - Road Sector
 Very large programme in Road sector. To be awarded in 3 - 4
years. Needs large number of developers.
 To ensure flexibility & meet concerns of concessionaires, financial
institutions & developers, several changes made in MCA/RFQ/
RFP Documents.
 Delegation of Powers to Implement Projects : Powers to amend
MCA/RFP/RFQ delegated to Ministry. In case of MCA, approval of Cabinet
to be obtained.
 Restriction on number of Bidders : Restriction on number of Bidders on
Road sector removed.
 Conflict of Interest : Provision liberalized to permit up to 25% of
shareholding of a bidder in another competing bidder without attracting
conflict of interest disqualification.
 Termination of Agreement : Provision made to permit a Concessionaire to
opt for making additional investments in expansion of road & getting
additional concession period, if actual traffic is more than the road
capacity.
24
Addressing Concerns of Stakeholders - Road Sector - II
 Comfort to Lenders : To further strengthen the level of comfort to
lenders, a provision has been made that the Escrow account in
which the Project revenues are being deposited will be securitized &
a charge created in favour of lender.
 Exit Provision : To ensure faster turnover of capital of developers
concessionaire permitted to exit from SPV set up to construct roads
after two years of completion.
 Viability Gap Funding for Roads : A total of 40% VGF during
construction period now permitted instead of 20% being earmarked
for O&M period of the road.
 Dispute Resolution Mechanism
 Mechanism provided under MCA.
 BOT & Annuity projects which are PPP have very few disputes.
 EPC projects have large disputes.
Govt. working on mechanism to resolve outstanding disputes quickly
25
& set up policies for quick settlement of new disputes.
PPP in Ports
 Growth in Ocean Port traffic at 10%-11% till 2007-08. After
slowdown in 2008-09, it has resumed 9% growth path this
year.
 Investment of nearly $ 20.8 billion estimated, of which, PPP
is planned at $ 15.2 billion.
 Port capacity to be stepped up to handle 1,500 million MT
traffic annually from present around 730 million MT.
 Major capacity expansion taking place at Kochi, Vizag,
Chennai, Paradip & Kandla.
 21 Port development Projects to be awarded in 2010-11.
 All Port capacities to be developed primarily on PPP basis.
 Private Ports developing at Mundra, Gangavaram, Kirtania &
Dhamra with support from State Governments.
26
PPP in Airports
 Growth in passenger traffic 18% annually. Carried 117 million passengers
(2007-08). After slowdown, traffic picking up again in current year. 3.4 million
MT cargo expected (2010).
 An investment of $ 6.8 billion expected in 2007-12 primarily in PPP mode.
 Delhi International Airport being developed through PPP with passenger handling
capacity of 37 million p.a. & will be operational by May, 2010.
 Hyderabad Airport already operating, has capacity of 12 million passengers.
Expansion of capacity to 40 million passengers in Phase-II. Phase-I completed &
functional.
 Mumbai Airport Phase-I completed & work on Phase-II under progress to be
completed by 2012. Plans for 40 million passenger capacity.
 Bengaluru International Airport developed on this model (2009). Designed for 11.4
million passengers. Passenger traffic already reached 9.5 million.
 10 Green field Airports in different stages of implementation.
 Parliament passed a statute to set up Airports Economic Regulatory Authority to
approve tariffs of aeronautical services & monitoring performance standards.
 Expansion of 35 other Airports & smaller Airstrips being undertaken by Airports
Authority of India. City-side development of non-metropolis Projects planned to
27
upgrade passenger amenities.
PPP in Urban Infrastructure
 Urban sector contributing 62%-63% of GDP. Urban areas expanding
with several million-plus cities which have severe infrastructure
strain.
 Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM)
being implemented with a provision of $ 11 billion approximately
over a seven year period.
 It is leveraging private sector efficiency in developing, financing & managing Projects.
 Major projects include water supply & sewerage, solid waste management, urban
transport & Metro Rail.
 Large number of Projects spread through out the country in PPP mode.
 Metro Rail Projects in Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai & Bengaluru at
an estimated cost of around $13 billion taken up. Of these, the PPP
Projects are
 Delhi Airport Express Line under implementation. To be completed before Oct. 2010.
 Hyderabad, Bengaluru & Mumbai Metro Projects under various phases of
implementation.
28
PPP in Power
 Large investment required in Power sector during XI Plan &
estimated at $ 250 billion during 2007-12. Total investments a
mix of PPP, CPSU/State Govt.’s investments & private sector
plants.
 PPP Project for three Transmission Lines under award. Several Projects
Transmission Line projects planned by State Govt.s. Earlier, Tala
Transmission System, implemented with private participation.
 36 GW planned under 9 Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPP) each of 4 GW
capacity. Expected to attract $ 3.5 - 4.5 billion private investments. Four
Projects already awarded.
 Electricity Act, 2003, National Electricity Policy, 2006, Tariff
Policy, 2006 & Ultra Mega Power Projects, 2008 stimulating
investments.
 800 GW gap estimated by 2020 under Integrated Energy Policy.
78 GW planned in 2007-12. Several Projects planned with private
participation or as merchant power plants or as PPP Project.
29
PPP in Railways
 Indian Railways with 64,000 km length is one of the world’s biggest
Rail network. Large investments required to modernize & expand
Railway network. Some major PPP Programmes planned or under
implementation are:

Movement of containers by private players having a Concession
Agreement with Railways. 14 Concessions granted concessions for
running Container Trains.

Two Dedicated Freight Corridors, Ludhiana–Sonnagar Eastern (1,279 km)
& Tuglakabad Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Western) for 1,483 km planned.
Estimated cost $ 12 billion. Part-funding arranged from JBIC/World Bank.
PPP planned in different activities of the Project.

Electric/Diesel Locomotive Factories under PPP route being considered.

Development of 26 Stations in metropolis cities and major tourist places
through PPP mode.
 Development of Multi-level Logistic Parks for effective transportation
through PPP mode.
30
Concession for Delhi–NOIDA Toll Bridge - A Case Study
 General : 552.5 m long, 8-lanes. Cost $100 million. Equity $30 million. Project
concessionaire NOIDA Toll Bridge Company Ltd (NTBCL). Incorporated 8th Apr.96.
Completed ahead of schedule. Set up by Delhi Administration, NOIDA (a statutory
authority) & ILFS. Opened Feb.2001. First successfully implemented BOOT Project.
 Terms : NTBCL can levy toll to recover the total project cost plus 20% p.a. return
on it. Total cost of Project include (i) Project Cost (ii) Major Maintenance Expenses
(iii) Shortfall of Recovery of Return in a specific financial year. Concession period is
30 years to be extended every two years beyond it until such returns recovered by
company.
 Issues : Concession period estimated to be in excess of 70 years, due to shortfall
in the returns of the company on the total project cost (31st March, 2006).
 Concession not awarded competitively. Hence, the level of 20% return not
justified.
 Guarantee of extension of concession period means that concessionaire bears
low commercial risk.
 Equity holders earning nearly 32% return given that Project cost includes debt
& company’s interest rate was 14.7% p.a. Debt restructuring made
concessions still more profitable.
31
Bengaluru International Airport Limited (BIAL)
Planning for Rapid Passenger Growth
 Expression of Interest: June, 1999. Selection Project venture: 2001.
Concession Agreement based on BOOT signed: July, 2004. Construction
commenced: June, 2005. 30 years concession period, BIAL option to extend
another 30 years. Initial phase designed: 4.5 million passengers. Estimated
Project cost: $ 300 million. First Model Concession Agreement negotiated.
 Initial phase re-designed midway through implementation of the Project.
Capacity increased from 4.5 million to 11.4 million passengers. Construction
completed in March, 2008. Revised Project cost $ 500 million approximately.
 Present traffic at BIAL 9.5 million passengers (2009). This level of traffic has
led to near saturation of passenger terminal, import cargo, apron & runways.
Action initiated to add additional capacity of about 10 million passengers in
the short and medium term.
 In designing PPP infrastructure Projects need to
 Very carefully assess consumer demand & design Project for growth.
 Maintain service quality by quick remedial action on passenger capacity services
expansion so that the quality of service does not deteriorate.
32
Indian Experience – Lessons Learnt
 Development of PPP Projects has

Helped larger investments in infrastructure. Private investment as percentage of
GDP has increased from 1.2% (2001-02) to 3.9% (2008-09).

It has enabled Indian Planners to increase share of Plan for Education & Health from
13.3% (2002-07) to 28% (2007-12).

PPP investments by private sector is increasing in social sectors, too & thus, helping
total investments & service quality.

Helped development of good governance practices in award of contract with
expansion of MCA/RFQ/ RFP.
 Viability Gap Funding is typical to most road projects, as Toll revenues from
traffic may not be adequate. An alternative mechanism is in form of providing
land for development to provide financial support. It is difficult, however, to
develop a transparent mechanism for it.
 Development of major PPP Projects takes several years in development,
finalizing the Project parameters & acquisition of land. Projects are quite often
not able to assess the correct level of passenger traffic. It is important to
provide for Project expansion or other mid-course correction. A good option,
from point of view of continuity, is to ask the current concessionaire to make
33
such expansion.
Indian Experience – Lessons Learnt - II
 Development of standardized documents for bidding of PPP Projects,
like MCA, RFQ & RFP has been extremely helpful in developing new
infrastructure Projects.
 The capacity for implementing PPP Projects, financing & developing
documentation is limited. There is need to
 Expand capacity.
 Develop financial support for capacity building to States & other entities.
 Develop financial institutions to support such Projects.
 The regulatory mechanism needs to be made strong to ensure the
effectiveness of public service delivery from the large number of PPPs
envisaged. In addition, an effective grievance redressal mechanism for
consumers is required. Current arrangements may invariably require
review & strengthening.
 To ensure reasonable & affordable cost of service to consumers, it is
important to ensure a cap on Project cost while finalizing contract &
selecting the concessionaire based on bidding parameters.
34
35
BACKGROUND
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
Indian Economy
Economic Fundamentals
Impact of Global Financial Crisis on India (Graph)
Break out in the Investment Rate (Graph)
Infrastructure Development Deficit
Estimated Infrastructure Investment Requirement
for XI Plan (Table)
Gross Capital Formation in Infrastructure &
Private Investment thereof (Graph)
Gross Capital Formation in Infrastructure (Graph)
Infrastructure & PPP Projects
Basic Parameters of PPP Projects
36
PPP in Infrastructure
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)
23)
24)
25)
26)
27)
28)
29)
Approval of PPP Projects of Central Government
Regulatory Mechanism
Streamlined Bid Process for PPP Projects
Financial Grants to PPP Projects
Infrastructure Finance
Capacity Building for PPP Projects
Communication & Information (Pictures)
Progress of PPP Projects (Table)
Private Sector Participation (1990-2008) – (Table)
Bidding Parameters in PPP Projects & Consumer Tariff
PPP in Roads
Addressing Concerns of Stakeholders – Road Sector
Addressing Concerns of Stakeholders – Road Sector-II
PPP in Ports
PPP in Airports
PPP in Urban Infrastructure
PPP in Power
PPP in Railways
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Case Studies & Indian Experience
30) Concession for Delhi-NOIDA Toll Bridge – Case Study
31) Bengaluru International Airport Limited
Planning for Rapid Passenger Growth
(BIAL)
32) Indian Experience – Lessons Learnt
33) Indian Experience – Lessons Learnt-II
34) Thank You
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