Transcript CHAPTER 30 - AP US History, Buschistory, or David Busch

THE OVEREXTENDED
SOCIETY
The 1970’s
STAGFLATION
MAJOR ECONOMIC PROBLEMS FACED
BY AMERICANS:
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Skyrocketing Prices
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Rising Unemployment
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Low Economic Growth
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Standard of Living Dropped
OPEC ENERGY CRISIS ~
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Rising demand from oil led to the
depletion of national reserves
OPEC – Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries; served for oil
bargaining agencies for oil rich
nations
Arabs become angered at U.S.
assistance of Israel and starts an
embargo on shipments to U.S. and
other allies of Israel.
Lasted from Oct. 17, 1973-Mar. 18
1974
Nixon responds by creating the
Department of Energy
Various conservation measures
observed such as cutting speed limits
and decrease air travel
Poverty Sweeps the Nation
o Sharp gap between the rich & the poor by race.
Although poor whites outnumbered poor blacks, a huge
number of blacks were below the poverty line.
oGains made by Johnson’s Great Society Programs
were short-lived
o Increase crime rates
oIndians were the poorest and the most disadvantage.
Indian population grew faster than the population at
large
Election of 1976
FORD
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Offered few programs
to help the economy
Keep interest rates
stable
Raise taxes to reduce
federal deficits
Restrained federal
spending
VS.
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CARTER
Tax reform did little to
help middle class
Energy bill helped oil
companies as much as
consumers
Failed Health Reform
Lacked Political
experience
Federal funds went to
Military spending
Staggering Economy
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Midwest and Northeast lost status and political influence due to
slumped economy
The “Sunbelt” (South, Southwest, and Far west) a gross product
greater than most nations
ex. South had high profit agribusiness & the South benefited in textile
& labor intensive industries
However, American industrial productivity lagged behind other
nations. Most believed this was caused by America’s inability to keep
up with the industrial efficiency of Western Europe & Japan.
Real growth organized labor took place among public employees;
Government workers demanded high wages, and voted against taxes
on their homes & automobiles
Local Politics
Urban
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Coalitions formed to
improve state services
African Americans gain
more power (elected
Mayor)
Ethnic groups advanced
slowly in proportion to
number in population
Cities &
Neighborhoods
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Community
Development Act
Changes in Federal
policies encouraged
local changes
Community
Development
Corporations
(antipoverty agencies)
*Environmentalist Movement*- Environment
endanger of careless dumping of toxic chemicals;
The Audubon Society, Wilderness Society formed
Rise of Conservatism
 Many sought to turn back the ideas of the
Great Society
Main goal is to stop government
programs behalf of minorities
EQUAL RIGHTS
AMENDMENT 1975
The New Right used marketing to build
popularity; also lead to Moral Majority
Gender
Favor
Oppose No
opinion
Female
54%
25%
21%
Male
63%
22%
15%
Phyllis Schlafly hoped to put an end to the
Equal Rights Amendment (Pro family
campaign)
Fueled further debates over abortion after
Roe vs. Wade
Change in Cold War Tensions & Foreign
Policy
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Military & Defense expenses grow faster than the
economy
U.S.S.R. moves toward détente due to economic set
back
Relations improved between the U.S.S.R & U.S. after
the missile crisis but began to deteriorate after
Vietnam
SALT II signed 1979
Carter condemned policies leading to U.S. supports
of right-wing monarchs and military dictators
Stabilize repressive regimes in El Salvador, South
Korea, and the Philippines
Panamanians gain control of the Panama canal;
treaty signed in 1978
CAMP DAVID ACCORDS
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Important step to achieving peace in the Middle East
President Carter signs treaty with Sadat and Begin in
March 1979
Egypt became the first region to recognize Israel’s right to
exist in exchange for the Sinai peninsula
Israel gains future U.S. assistance
Failed to clarify the rights of Palestinians or the status
Jerusalem
Mishandling Foreign Affairs
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Congress rejects Carter’s
request to aid Nicaragua
after overthrown dictator
Anti apartheid
government South Africa
Soviet invades
Afghanistan
Iran Hostage crisisIranian revolutionaries
seize U.S. embassy in
Tehran; U.S. allows
deposed Shah to enter
the country
Conclusion
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After failed economic plans and weak
leadership in foreign affairs, Carter suffered
defeat in the Election of 1980
Marked as an era of Liberalism, and
moderate conservatism
Hopeful signs shown in local communities
(campaign better schools, neighborhoods)
U.S. concerns shifted from U.S.S.R. to
Middle East