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Eradicating Poverty in Eritrea and Ethiopia Thuy Dang Amy Koler Sung Lee Jason Liou Alba Struga UN Millennium Goals Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger Achieve universal primary education Promote gender equality and empower women Reduce child mortality Improve material health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Ensure Environmental Sustainability Develop a global partnership for development Why do UNMGs matter? Advance the means to a productive life – For the billion plus people in extreme poverty, the MDGs are a life and death issue. Critical for Global Security – In poor societies there are frequently conflicts over scarce vital resources. – Civil unrest could attract terrorists, allowing them to create a base of operation for future attacks. Focus of Our Presentation Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger in Eritrea and Ethiopia through: – Fighting HIV/AIDS – Increasing food security Locations of Ethiopia and Eritrea Comparing Ethiopia and Eritrea Ethiopia One of the oldest countries in the world Population of 73 million 50% below poverty line GDP per capita: $800 Agriculture is 47% of GDP Eritrea Independent since May 1993 Population of 5 million 50% below poverty line GDP per capita: $900 Agriculture is 12.4% of GDP HIV/AIDS Work in Ethiopia The UNDP’s strong collaboration with the UNAIDS Theme Group and the Ethiopian government Assistance in strengthening relevant government institutions Efforts to strengthen capacity-building through gender empowerment Recommendations for HIV/AIDS Continue to strengthen Ethiopian government institutions working on HIV/AIDS Build on leadership development and training towards more sensitive/ethical media reporting Step up efforts to provide HIV testing materials for at-risk populations and areas Food Security Food Security is defined as access by all people at all times to adequate nutritious food enabling them to lead healthy and productive lives. National Food Security: Food available in the national market Household Food Security: All household members have affordable access to food Food Security and Poverty Food security and poverty are intricately linked; if one is improved, the other will be improved as well. Efforts are being made to improve the productivity of rural/household farms which will improve both food security and poverty. Specific Food Security Goals for Eritrea 1) Formulate a Food Security Strategy 2) Improve coordination of food security 3) Collect and analyze food security related information 4) Enable households to increase their human and physical assets Main Challenges to Food Security in Eritrea Persistent Droughts – Eritrea is located in one of the driest areas of Africa – During droughts only 25% of the food necessary for the country is produced – Droughts occur on average every 10 years Border War with Ethiopia Goals of Agriculture Development Program in Ethiopia Creation of a national agricultural information system Improved use and management of small-scale irrigation Functioning of microfinance institutions to serve rural communities Achievements 10,000 farmers and 4,000 staff were trained on use of improved technologies A study on the establishment of a national computerized agricultural system Challenges Persistent droughts Population and resources imbalance Prevailing antiquated technologies Recommendations Continue with the efforts of improving the antiquated technology in use in the Agricultural sector Initiate a study for strategic diversification and land use for the drought prone areas, and consider the possibility of moving the population to more fertile areas within each region Increase fundraising efforts toward helping these two countries to eradicate poverty by half by 2015 Recommendations Strengthen networking, exchange of ideas and joint programming between different stakeholders Help both countries to resolve their border conflict so that they can concentrate on eradicating poverty in their respective countries More Information… For more information, please visit: http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/PSC651/2005/D evelopment/ THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!!!