Transcript Religion

• Monotheism
– Religions that believe
in one supreme being
• Christianity, Islam,
Judaism
• Polytheism
– Religions that believe
in more than one
supreme being
Buddhism
• A religion and philosophy encompassing a
variety of traditions, beliefs, and practices
based on Siddhartha Gautama known as
the Buddha.
What is a culture hearth?
Christianity
• A monotheistic religion based on the life
and teachings of Jesus as presented in
the Bible.
What does
the map
indicate
about
Christianity?
Primary Branches of Christianity
• Roman Catholic
– Largest and original piece of Christianity
– 830 million adherents
– Hierarchical Religion
• Headquarters are in Vatican City, an autonomous region in Italy
• Protestants
– Origins in the 15th century Reformation
• Eastern Orthodox
– 1054-Roman Catholic split
– Dominant in Eastern Europe including Russia
– Roots in Constantinople, modern day Istanbul
Islam
• The second largest religion and the belief of
Allah, which is articulated in the Qur’an was
brought by the Prophet Muhammad.
Fastest Growing
Religion in world
Judaism
• One of the oldest monotheistic religions; it is a
religion, philosophy and way of life for the
Jewish people. Belief in God as described in
the written and oral Torah.
• Oldest monotheistic religion in the world
• Originated around 2000 BC in the Semitic
hearth (modern day Israel – conflicted area
with Palestine)
What do the three major religions,
Christianity, Islam and Judaism
have in common?
Collective Farm
• Under communism, a large, state-owned
farm on which farmers received wages
plus a share of products and profits; also
called a kolkhoz/kibbutz.
Command Economy
• Economic system in which economic
decisions about production and distribution
are made by some central authority.
Typically, countries with a
command economy have which
type of government?
Commercial Agriculture
• The production of crops for sale - crops
intended for widespread distribution to
wholesaler or retail outlets.
What effect does a commercial
economy have on subsistence
economy?
Hint- think Walmart
Market Economy
• An economic system based on free enterprise,
in which businesses are privately owned, and
production and prices are determined by supply
and demand.
Subsistence Farming
• Producing just enough food for a family
or a village to survive.
What type of countries would
be most likely to have
subsistence farming rather
than commercial farming?
Commodity
• Goods produced for sale.
Traditional Economy
• A system in which tradition and custom
control all economic activity; exists in only
a few parts of the world today.
Which continent would you most likely find people
practicing a traditional economy?
Cottage Industry (market-oriented
agriculture)
• A business that employs workers in their
homes.
Democracy
• Any system of government in which
leaders rule with consent of the citizens.
What is this political cartoon referencing?
Republic
• Form of government in which people elect
their officials.
Unitary System
• A government in which all key powers are
given to the national or central
government. Ex) Italy
Socialism
• Political philosophy in which the
government owns the means of production.
What does “owns the means of production” mean?
Give an example of socialism states?
Sovereignty
• Self-rule.
Theocracy
• A form of government in which god or a
deity is recognized as the supreme civil
ruler
What does
this t-shirt
mean?
Autocracy
• Government in which a single individual
possesses the power and authority to rule.
Using the map, indicate which
type of countries have
experienced autocracies in the
20th century
Communism
• Society based on equality in which workers
would control industrial production.
Communism has
been contained
mainly in the ____
Dictatorship
• An autocratic form of government in which
the government is ruled by an individual.
Dynasty
• A ruling house or continuing family of
rulers, especially in China.
Why did the
Chinese
build the
Great Wall?
Human Development Index
• Indicator of level of development for each
country, constructed by United Nations,
combining income, literacy, education, and
life expectancy.
Primary Economic Activities
• A portion of the economy concerned with
the direct extraction of materials from
Earth’s surface, generally through
agriculture, mining, fishing, or forestry.
Secondary Economic Activities
• The portion of the economy concerned
with manufacturing useful products
through processing, transforming, and
assembling raw materials.
Tertiary Economic Activities
• The portion of the
economy which
involves the
provisions of
goods and
services to people
in exchange for
payment. Ex)
retail, banking,
law, education,
government
Quaternary Economic Activities
• The sector of the economy that consists of
intellectual activities such as government,
tourism, libraries, scientific research,
education.
Give an example of a Primary,
Secondary, Tertiary, and
Quaternary Activity which was
not mentioned in the
presentation.
Less Developed Country
• A country that is at a relatively early stage
in the process of economic development.
If China has such
a growing
economy, why
would they be in
the middle
between LDC and
MDC?
More Developed Country
• A country that has progressed relatively far
along a continuum of development.
What
indication is
there that
the
continent is
in economic
trouble?
Standard of Living
• Quality of life
• Used as an economic component to measure people's
welfare
• Includes factors such as: income, availability of
employment, poverty rate, quality and affordability of
housing, gross domestic product, inflation rate, number
of vacation days per year, access to quality healthcare,
quality and availability of education, life expectancy,
incidence of disease, cost of goods and services,
infrastructure, national economic growth, economic and
political stability, political and religious freedom,
environmental quality, climate and safety.
Why is standard of living
important in determining the
development of a country?
Population Density
• The average number of people in a square
mile or square kilometer.
Is the world
population
distributed
evenly?
Population Distribution
• The pattern of
population in a
country, a
continent, or
the world.
Population Pyramid
• A bar graph
representing the
distribution of
population by age
and sex.
A
Indicate if the countries
for A, B and C are more
developed or less
developed
C
B
Describe the
climate
What is California
an example of?
What type of
climate is
typically found
here?
Seasons and Tilt
take on the “weather” of the
place from which they came.
Land and water
absorb and store
energy at different
rates.
Temperature
decreases as
elevation increases
Rain shadow
Effect
Carry warm water from tropics to poles and
return cold water to the Equator
Rising warm air = low pressure
Falling cool air = high pressure
What can be inferred about the Aral Sea?
Why would the same climates be found in
North Africa and the interior of Australia?
Houston 1900
Houston 1950
Houston 2012
What term can be
used to describe the
changes to Houston
from 1900-2012?
How is terrace farming an
example of human adaptation?
What does the term global
interdependence mean?
What caused this damage in Japan?
I
A
C
H
B
F
D
E
G