Transcript Azerbaijan presentation

AZERBAIJAN:
The Land of Fire
Azerbaijan is considered one of the ancient
places of the world
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Most ancient archeological and paleontological
materials recently found in the territory of
Azerbaijan prove that first primitive men settled
here 1.7-1.8 million years ago.
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Discovery 1968 year of jaw bone of Azikhantrop
who lived here 300-400 thousand years ago in
a cave of Azikh located near Fuzuli city, which
is under occupation of Armenia, also is one of
the proofs demonstrating that this country was
a settlement of primitive men
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Based on this discovery, Azerbaijan was
included to the “The oldest inhabitants of the
Europe map.
Since an ancient period of time its name was Odlar
Yurdu (Fire Lands).
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People who lived here very long time ago were fire worshippers
There are eternal hearths remaining from ancient time
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People are still surprised when they see “burning soil” in Yanardag
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Fascinating from History…
Shah Ismail Khatai, the thinker poet and distinguished statesman of
Azerbaijan founded Safavi Empire in the 16th century
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During Safavi’s
period of time
Azerbaijan was a
great and
powerful State.
As a result of the war between Iran and Russia, the Turkmanchay
Agreement was signed between these two Nations in 1828
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Azerbaijan was
divided into two
parts.
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The Southern
Azerbaijan part
was attached to
Iran,
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and the Northern
part was attached
to Russia.
The Republic of Azerbaijan
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Azerbaijan first became independent in 1918.
It was first democratic Parliamentary republic
in The Muslim World
(28 May 1918 - 18 April 1920 occupied by Soviet Army)
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Restored independence in 1991
Capital: Baku
Territory: 86 600 km²
Population: 9 436 000
Official language: Azerbaijani
State structure: Presidential republic
Currency: Azerbaijani manat
Novel History …Occupied territory
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The collapse of USSR in late 1991
was followed by the change in the
geopolitical situation on post-Soviet
area. Armenian with Russian Army
support in fact open unfair war
against Azerbaijan. Armenian military
troops, violating the borders of
Azerbaijan, entered Karabakh and
conjointly with Armenian separatists
of Upper Karabakh occupied Azeri
lands
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20% of Azerbaijan territory under
occupation
More that 1mln refuges
More were 40000 killed
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Nature ….Landscape
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Azerbaijan is characterized by a diversed landscape. There
are two major forms of landscape-plains and mountains.
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Mountains cover 60% of the total area of the Azerbaijan
republic
Inland Water
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The dense river system of the country
covers its territory like a blue spider's
web
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Azerbaijan accounts for 8400 small and large
rivers, including 850 over 5 kilometers in length.
But there are only 24 rivers extending to over
100 kilometers
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Nearly 250 fresh and salty lakes, differing
by the sources of feeding and by origin
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There are more than 200 mineral water
springs with different chemical
ingredients
Vegetation…
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Azerbaijan has a rich flora. Almost all types of plants, found in
the world are spread on the territory of this relatively small
country
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Nearly 4500 species of higher, spore-bearing flowering plants
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Nearly 240 species are endemic and it is home to a number of
rare trees and bushes
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Forests account for 11.4% of the total area of the country
Fauna…
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Due to the diverse natural
conditions Azerbaijan formed
a colorful animal kingdom
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The fauna of plains is
represented by a great
number of mammals, reptiles,
amphibians and numerous
sedentary and migrant birds
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Unfortunately, the number of
Caspian seals decreased
from 1.5 million in early 20th
century down to 360-400
thousand in 1980th
The
Climate
The Climate
of Azerbaijan
is unique, nine
of the Earth's
eleven climate
zones can be
found in
Azerbaijan
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Semi-desert and dry steppe climate covers mainly Central lowland
districts. Winter is mostly hot, Summer is red-hot, some days
temperature is higher than 40 degree
Semi-desert and dry steppe climate with cold winter and dry hot
climate
Mild-hot climate, winter if which is dry, covers lower mountainous
zone
Mild-hot climate with dry summer. Mostly covers Lankaran-Astara
region
Cold climate with dry winter covers south-east hills of Great
Caucasus
Cold climate with dry summer. Covers middle and high mountainous
area of Nakhchivan AR
Mild-hot climate with equal distribution of precipitations. Winter is
mild, summer is mild-hot
Cold climate with rich precipitations in all seasons
Mountainous tundra climate covers the areas of Great and Small
Caucasus higher than 2700 m. In some places snow does not melt
till the next winter.
The minerals…
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The region accounts for most part of metallic minerals: iron,
manganese, titanium, chromium, copper, cobalt, complex ore,
antimony, gold, silver, molybdenum, etc
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Azerbaijan is famous for its oil and gas deposits
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2/3 of the republic is rich in oil and gas
DID YOU KNOW THAT…
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10th Century
Arabian historian Masudi-Abdul-Hussein (9th
century-957) identified two main sources of
black oil and white oil (kerosene) on Absheron.
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In 1846 - more than a decade before the
Americans made their famous discovery of oil
in Pennsylvania - Azerbaijan drilled its first oil
well in Bibi-Heybat
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In 1901, Baku produced more than half of the
world's oil (11 million tons), and 95 percent of
all Russian Empire oil
Ludvig Nobel Zeynalabdin Taghiyev
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As of January 1, 1916, the four main
companies, which led the Baku oil industry
included the Nobel Brothers Petroleum
Company (Alfred and Robert Nobel) and
“Standard Oil” of John D. Rockefeller
Naftalan - The Miracle Oil
Azerbaijan's Therapeutic Oil
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Naftalan is a rare type of oil that is used only
for medicinal purposes. Azerbaijani doctors
have prescribed it for years to successfully
treat various skin, joint and bone diseases
such as psoriasis, arthritis and rheumatism
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Naftalan is extracted from only one place in
Azerbaijan - in the north - central part of the
country. The town takes its name from the oil,
"Naftalan", which comes from the Azeri for
"neft alan" (oil buyer)
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Naftalan is different from other types of oil in
that its purified form has a high concentration
of naphthene hydrocarbons, about 55 percent.
Other kinds of oil have a much lower
concentration, about three to five percent
Culture … Folklore
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The classical music of Azerbaijan is
called mugam and is usually a suite with
poetry and instrumental interludes
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UNESCO proclaimed the
Azerbaijani mugam tradition a
Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible
Heritage of Humanity on November 7,
2003.
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There are a number of Azerbaijani dances,
these folk dances of the azerbaijani people
are old and extremely melodious. It has a
very fast rhythm, so the dancer must have
inherent skill
Culture… Opera, classic music, ballets
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Azerbaijan prides itself with
having created the first opera of
the Middle East -"Leyli and
Majnun" (1908) by Uzeyir
Hajibeyov (1885-1948), which is
based on the poetry of Nizami
(1141-1209)
The Azerbaijan State Theater of
Opera and Ballet was built in
1910
Major Operas by Azerbaijani Composers:
Uzeyir Hajibeyov,Gara Garayev, Fikrat Amirov & others
1908 Leyli and Majnun
1910 Husband & Wife*
1911 Mashadi Ibad*
1913 Arshin Mal Alan*
1915 Ashug Garib
1919 Shah Ismayil
1935 Nargiz
1937 Koroglu
1945 Vatan (Motherland)
1953 Sevil
1957 Azad
1960 Vagif
1972 Bridal Rock
Culture….. Architecture
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Architecture went through many different
stages over the centuries. Walled City of Baku
with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower
included in UNESCO World Heritage Site
Culture…..the decorative and applied art
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Azerbaijan is famous for its
carpets. Carpet is one of the
oldest and most traditional
forms of art in Azerbaijan.
You'll find two types of carpets:
knotted and flat-weaved
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The form of antiquity is
represented by a wide range of
handicrafts, such as chasing,
jeweler, engraving in metal,
carving in wood, stone and bon
Azerbaijan Cuisine, Food
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Food is an important part of
the country's culture and is
deeply rooted in the history,
traditions and values of the
nation
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Azerbaijani cuisine has over 30
kinds of soups, including those
prepared from plain yogurt.
There is a wide variety of kebabs
including lamb, beef, chicken,
and fish (baliq) kebabs
I like:
 Plov
 Kababs
 Qutabs
 Dolma
…of course CAVIAR!
and
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This comes from three different
varieties of Caspian sturgeon, rated top
to bottom as beluga, osietra and
servyuga, and is actually affordable
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The 113 gram pots run from $25-$55,
depending upon the type of fish and
grade
Society…People, ethnic, language
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Ethnic groups: Azeri 90.6%, Talishes 2 %, Dagestan 2.2%, Russian
1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 1.9%
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Languages: Azerbaijani (Turkish group) 89%, Russian 3%,
Armenian 2%, and other 6%.
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Literacy: 97%.
Population birth rate
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17.52 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Life expectancy
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total population: 66.31 years
male: 62.2 years
female: 71 years (2008 est.)
Society…
RELIGIONS
Azerbaijan is a secular country, in article 48 of
Constitution said that everyone has a right to choose
any faith, to adopt any religion or to not practice any
religion
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Approximately 93.4 to 96 percent of the
population is nominally Muslim
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Judaism (Nearly 16 000 Jews reside in the country )
Christianity (is represented by Orthodoxy,
Catholicism and Protestantism)
Economy
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Currency : 1 Manat = 100 qəpik
Exchange rates: Azerbaijani manat
per US dollar - 0.7893 (as of 2011)
Azerbaijani manat per Euro –
1.24 (as of 2008)
Fiscal year : Calendar year Trade
Organisations : CIS, ECO, GUAM,
WTO (observer)
Economy
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GDP
Nom: $68.8 billion (2012)
PPP: $96,8 billion (2012)
Rank: 76th (2011)
GDP growth : 0,2%
GDP per capital : $10,200
GDP by sector : agriculture (5.5%),
industry (62.7%), services (31.8%) (2011)
Economy
Inflation (CPI):1.1% (2012)
 Population
below poverty line:11% (2009)
 Gini coefficient :36.5 (2001)
 Labour force : 6.12 million (2011)
 Labour force by occupation:
services (49.6%), industry (12.1%),
agriculture and forestry (38.3%) (2008
 Unemployment :1.0% (2011)
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Economy
Main industries:petroleum and natural gas,
steel, ironore,cement; chemicals;
petrochemicals; textiles;machinery;
cotton; foodstuffs.
 Exports :$30,96 billion (2012 est.)
 Export goods: oil and gas 90%,
machinery, cotton, foodstuffs.
 Main export partners :
Italy 25.9%,
France 7.7%,
India 6.7%,
Indonesia 6.6%,
Germany 5.6%,
Israel 5.1% (2012 est.)
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Economy
 Imports : $10.06 billion (2012 est.)
 Import goods : machinery and equipment,
oil products, foodstuffs, metals, chemicals
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Main import partners:
Turkey 18.6%,
Russia 14.3%,
China 7.8%
Germany 7.2%
UK 7.1%,
USA 5.1%
Ukraine 5.0% (2012 est.)
Economy
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FDI stock :
$11.85 billion (31 December 2012)
Gross external debt :
$7.60 billion (31 December 2012)
Public dept : 4,7 % of GDP) 2011
Revenues :$7.784 bn (2011)
Expenses : $20.560 bn (2011)
Thank you