Transcript africainequalities

Global Inequalities
Affluenza video
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFZz
6ICzpjI&eurl=http://www.geographyallt
heway.com/ib_geography/ib_developme
nt/what_is_development.htm
Health Care
Water
Shelter
Aspect of Life
Education
Food
UN declaration on Poverty
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vddX
4n30sXY Video
•
http://www.miniature-earth.com/me_english.htm
video
100 people
http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_pearson_atlas_1/dnd/WP
o_Vill.html IWB interactive Quiz
Use the heading Patterns of inequality
Read pgs 283-285 of
your text and answer
UTT Q1-7 p285
•
http://globalrichlist.com/
you?
interactive How rich are
The State of the World
• Today, across the world, 1.3 billion
people live on less than $1 a day.
• 3 billion live on under $2 a day.
• 1.3 billion have no access to clean
water.
• 3 billion have no access to
sanitation.
• 2 billion have no access to
electricity.
MEDCs
• Population generally employed in
manufacturing or in service
industries
• Vast communication and
transportation networks
• Annual capita income above $7,620
• Adequate food and housing
• Many schools—high literacy rate
• Low infant mortality rate
• Long life expectancy
LEDCs
• Population generally employed in
farming, mining, or forestry
• Few natural resources for industry
• Few transportation or
communication networks
• Few schools—low literacy rate
• Food and housing inadequate or poor
• High infant mortality rate
• Short life expectancy
Doing dishes in southern Mali
The World’s Children
• More than 1 billion (50%) live in
poverty.
• Over 600 million (34%) live in
dwellings with more than 5 people
per room or that have a mud floor.
• Over 500 million (31%) have no kind
of toilet facility.
The State of the World
• Nearly 376 million (20%) use unsafe
water or have a 15 minute walk to
water.
• 10.6 million died in 2003 before
they reached the age of 5 (equal to
the children population of France,
Germany, Greece, and Italy).
The State of the World
• In the least developed countries
45% of children do not attend
school
• Per-capita income in countries with
a literacy rate of less than 55%
averages about $600.
One in five of the world's population lives on
less than a dollar a day
• http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7179019
.stm Kenya 2008
• BUT 2 videos
http://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_shows_
the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen.html Hans
Rosling 2006 TED talk
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPt8ElTQMI
g&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Egoogle%2Ec
om%2Freader%2Fview%2F%3Fadded%3D1&f
eature=player_embedded Han’s the world’s
change in 200 years
Development
• What is development video?
•
http://au.youtube.com/watch?v=pRmjoF5nv6s&eurl=http://www.google.com/read
er/view/?added=1
•
http://blip.tv/file/835101
devt video contrasting
levels of development between Norway
and Niger
Definitions for Global Indicators of
Development
• Purchasing Power Parity. This is a comparative
measure of the cost of goods in different
countries. It is often applied to a ‘basket of
goods’. The basket of goods contains a group
of basic goods and services that are needed,
and the comparison is often made between
the numbers of hours needed to work to make
enough income to buy this ‘basket of goods’ in
different countries.
GDP Per capita
• Gross Domestic Product per person (per
capita). This is the value of all goods
and services produced within a country,
usually over one year. This is a more
useful measure to Geographers, and is
the GDP of a country divided by the
total population. It is often used as a
measure of the relative income of
people within different countries.
The State of the World
• The GDP (Gross Domestic
Product) of the poorest 48
nations (i.e. a quarter of the
world's countries) is less
than the wealth of the
world's three richest people
combined.
RICH WORLD,POOR WORLD
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WORLD’S TEN RICHEST COUNTRIES 2008
Rank Country GDP - per capita (2008)
1. Luxembourg
$ 68,8002
2. Equatorial Guinea
$ 50,2003.
3. United Arab Emirates $ 49,7004.
4. Norway
$ 47,8005.
5. Ireland
$ 43,6006.
6. United States
$ 43,500
7. Andorra
$ 38,8008.
8. Iceland
$ 38,1009.
9. Denmark
$ 37,00010.
10. Austria
$ 35,500
Source: CIA World Factbook
• http://snippets.com/what-is-the-gdp-per-capita-forevery-country.htm The GDP of every country
Rich World
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Interactive where is bulging with wealth
http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/images/activities/whereswe
alth.html
Billionaires by continent
http://www.geographyteachingtoday.org.uk/images/activities/wherebilli
onaires.html
GNI Per Capita
• Gross National Income per person. This
is now used more frequently and has
similar comparative values to GDP per
capita and the now infrequently used
GNP per capita.
Celebrity
Billionaires
Guess who…
I am the
world’s richest
man, valued at
$56 billion
Now aged 51,
I am involved
with tackling
AIDS in Africa
and set up my
own charity to
help them
So far, I have
given away
nearly $30bn
of my fortune
to good
causes
I made my
money as the
inventor of
Microsoft
Windows
My
name
is Bill
Gates
My name is Joanne
and I am a 42 year
old writer
I have sold over
325 million books the last four have
been the fastest
selling books in
history
I have a fortune
of £545 million
which makes me
the thirteenth
richest woman
in Britain
I have donated
£22 million to
Comic Relief
I am the author of
the Harry Potter
books
My
name is
JK
Rowling
I am the
third richest
man in the
world, worth
$52 billion
I made my
money
through
investing in
insurance
companies
Recently I
gave $30
billion of my
fortune to
the Bill and
Melinda
Gates
Foundation the largest
single
donation
ever made in
the USA
I only earn
$100,000 a
year and still
live in the
same house
that I bought
in 1958 for
$31,500
My
Name
is
Warren
Buffet
I am 53 and the
world's only black
billionaire for
three years in a
row
I am also,
according to
many
assessments, the
most influential
woman in the
world
I am an influential
book critic, an
Oscar nominated
actress, and a
magazine
publisher, as well
as an award
winning chat show
host
In 2005 alone I
donated $303
million to charity
My chat show is
called The
Oprah Winfrey
Show
My
name is
Oprah
Winfrey
I am a Russian oil
billionaire worth
$18.2 billion
In Russia, I am
well known as the
governor of
Chukotka in the far
northeast of the
country
I am best known
in the UK as the
owner of Chelsea
Football Club
My name is
Roman
Abramovich
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
142 James Packer39 5.5 Australia
172 Frank Lowy & family 76 4.6 Australia
369 Richard Pratt72 2.5 Australia
407 Harry Triguboff74 2.3 Australia
557 John Gandel72 1.8 Australia
557 Stanley Perron84 1.8 Australia
717 Kerry Stokes65 1.4 Australia
754 Andrew Forrest45 1.3 Australia
799 Gerald Harvey67 1.2 Australia
891 Gina Rinehart53 1.0 Australia
RICH WORLD,POOR WORLD
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WORLD’S TEN POOREST COUNTRIES 2008
RankCountryGDP - per capita (2008)
1.Malawi
$ 6002.
2.Somalia
$ 6003.
3.Comoros
$ 6004.
4. Solomon Islands
$ 6005.
5. Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$ 7006.
6. Burundi
$ 7007
7. East Timor
$ 8008.
8. Tanzania
$ 8009.
9. Afghanistan
$ 80010.
10.Yemen
$ 900
Source: CIA World Factbook
But it is an inadequate measure http://www.aneki.com/richest.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/business/global/15gdp.html?_r=2
Human Development Index:
• An indicator that provides more of a
measure of the quality of life of
people living within a country.
• Measured by the United Nations
Development Program.
• Takes into account income, life
expectancy and access to education
Human Development Index
Graphic Source: Wikipedia
HOW MUCH IS
THAT….?
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$0.77
or
41p
A CAN OF COKE
In the USA
In China
$1
$0.44
In South Africa $0.73
In Russia
$1.41
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$3.61
or
£1.94
A BIG MAC
In the USA
$3.29
In China
$1.31
In South Africa
$2.30
In Russia
$1.78
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$286
or
£152
4GB iPOD NANO
In the USA
$249
In China
$299
In South Africa $321
In Russia
$299
HOW MUCH DOES THIS COST IN THE UK?
$139
or
£75
NIKE TRIAX
In the USA
$90
In China
$89.93
In South Africa $181.59
In Russia
$126.71
GDP per capita
•USA
$44,000
•UK
$31,800
•CHINA
$7,700
•SOUTH AFRICA
$13,300
•RUSSIA
$12,200
FIGURES IN US$SOURCE:https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
DISCUSSION POINTS
•What do you notice about the price differences?
•What proportion of their average income must
people in each country spend to get these
goods?
•Why do people in different countries want to buy
these goods?
•What is purchasing power parity?
Bono TED video
• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/bo
no_s_call_to_action_for_africa.html
Technology fights poverty videos
• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/iqbal_qu
adir_says_mobiles_fight_poverty.html
Mobiles
• http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/nicholas
_negroponte_on_one_laptop_per_child_two_
years_on.html Laptops
• A last word from Hans
• http://www.gapminder.org/videos/tedtalks/hans-rosling-ted-talk-2007-seeminglyimpossible-is-possible/