Transcript saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujeti (2005

GRP Initiatives in Georgia
Gender and Politics in the South Caucasus
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Questions for Discussion





Why Transformation?
What has changed?
Why GRB?
What was the starting point?
What lessons we learned?
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Transformation Problem: Poverty and Gender
Equity
 Once more about Results of implementation
of “Washington Consensus” in Georgia
 Market economy –orientation on Efficiency
 Social economy – orientation on Equity
 Economic Growth
 Growth of inequity of incomes
 Poverty Reduction and Economic Growth
Program
 MDG (2004)
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
TRANSFORMATION: Why GRB?









In 1998-2003 GDP growth was about 4%
inflation rate - 4-5%
Average salary amounted to 35-40 dollars.
Decreased national pension from 10 dollars
to 7 dollars.
Budget revenues – 14% of GDP
Unemployment rate - 14 %
Self-employment rate - 75%
Domestic dept (on pensions and salaries)
grow up to 60 million Dollar
Shadow–economy – 60% of GDP
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
New Priorities
 Improvement in Governance
 Macroeconomic stability
 Improvement in the structural and
institutional environment
 Development of Human capital
 Social risk management
 Development of Economic priority sectors
 Improvement of natural environment
conditions
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Governance Reforms
 Establishing “good” governance
system
 Minimize of direct government
intervention in the economy
 Development of clear definitions of
governmental roles and functions,
 To be close to people as possible.
Public participation in governance
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Budget Priorities in 2004-2007
1.
2.
3.
4.
Energy sector development
Defense
Privatization
Social sphere reforms – Allowances for
families who are extremely in poverty
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Budget Priorities in 2008
1. Unemployment
2. Poverty Reduction and social conditions
improvement
3. Education and health care
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
How we started:
1. institutionalization of GRB: Work with
Ministries and Parliamentary
members
2. Researches and Reports:
 Brochure _ “GRP_ way to Social Justice”
 Reports: Analyze of annual State Budget
plans and implementation
 Analyze of Municipality Budget (case study)
3. Seminars, meetings with Civil society
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Budget expenditures in 2004-2008: Defense
and social sphere (example)
Share in State Budget
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2004
2005
2006
Defence
Social expenditures and pensions ( w ithout health care)
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
2007
2008
Lessons Learned (1)
 Political Will of institutionalization of GRB,
 Need on GRB Recommendations from the
parliamentarians
 Methodology insufficiency and lack of
Statistics
 Lack of experience and knowledge of Civil
Society to monitor GRB
 Easy to work with Municipality officials, but
lack of Financial sources
 New priorities of Budget in 2008
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
New task: What we are going to study?
1. Gender Equity index in State organizations
 Wages
 Occupations, jobs, positions
2. State budget funds for “easy credits”
3. State interventions in labor market
4. Social assistance schemes
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Structure of Hired Employment in
Georgia in 2006
Total
100
Hired employees
34,4
Including:
Including:
In state sector
22.3
In non-state sector
12.1
Employer (Enterpriser, manufacturer having hired
employees)
1,1
Enterpriser, manufacturer having no hired employees,
person busy with his professional activity
11.3
Self-employed in agriculture
24.4
Employ in a family business/husbandry free of charge
28.5
Tokmazishvili,
Free of charge worker forMicheil
his/her
relatives01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
0.2
0
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Workers of low
qualification
Workers of
industrial enterprises,
Workers of
trade, service or related
Average level
qualified specialists
Managers of
administrative organs
Hired employed in
non-state sector
Hired employed
Employed – total
Women per 100 Men in
Georgia
300
250
200
150
100
50
What we need:
 Dialogue with Officials
 Lobbyism in Executive poverty
 Introduction of gender monitoring
structure in MF or MSA
 Perfection of methodology and
statistics
 International experience
 Study tours for HGO
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Lessons Learned (2)
1. A strategic plan of GRB offers an
important incentives in policy reforms, but
these incentives is not sufficient for social
equity implementation.
2. Government is the main source of GRB
actions, but there is no successful without
giving credentials to the civil society to
monitor GB.
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi
Lessons Learned (3)
3. Civil society as the main actors of the
GRB actions should have some
opportunities to correct government’s
actions or change regime, especially at
municipality level.
4. GRB need strong support from the
international society, the permanent carry
on dialogue between the NGO and
government through monitoring and
researches.
Micheil Tokmazishvili, 01 April,
2008. Hotel Marriott Tbilisi