Presentation by Mr. Bismark Rewane
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Transcript Presentation by Mr. Bismark Rewane
+
CIIN
Economic Policies of Government
Issues, Challenges, Prospects and
Implications for Insurance
By
Bismarck Rewane
CEO, Financial Derivatives Company Ltd
February 18, 2015
+
Audience Analysis
Founded
in 1959 by Article of Association and
Memorandum
Became chartered via Decree in February 1993
Has
been the rallying point for Insurance
practitioners in Nigeria
Was
affiliated to the Chartered Insurance
Institute (CII), London in 1960
+
Audience Analysis
Aimed
at promoting insurance education
Promoting
the general development of insurance
by conducting, encouraging and assisting in
conducting research into insurance and allied
subjects
Ensure
strict observance of industry codes of
conduct and ethics
Creating
insurance awareness among members
+
Objectives of Presentation
An
accurate & better understanding of the
macro-economic environment is a critical
success factor
To
see the relative position of insurance in
Nigeria
Identify
and understand opportunities for the
insurance industry
+
Benefits of the Presentation
At the end, the team will
Have
a better understanding of contemporary
economic developments in the global, regional
and domestic space
Be
better positioned to evaluate the implications of
the global developments
Have
better understanding of insurance industry
opportunities in a downturn
+
Outline
Global Insurance Industry Trends
The Insurance Industry in times of Crisis
The AIG Story
Components of Insurance
Nigerian Insurance Industry
Nigerian Economic Conditions
Policy Issues: Fiscal & Monetary
What to Expect
Constraints & Implications
Opportunities
+
Global Insurance Industry
Snapshot
+Global Insurance Snapshot
Growth
trajectory has been positive after
recovery from the 2008/2009 financial crisis
It
underperforms the global economic growth
but outpace inflation
Structural
65%
shift in global insurance focus
of premiums from emerging markets
Insurance
markets
penetration also faster than developed
+
+
Global Insurance Snapshot
Life
insurance: Mixed
Down in US, Japan, UK and Korea
Euro area recovered, now positive
Up in China & South Africa
Non-life: Positive
growth in all countries
Down in stressed euro zone countries
Composite: Absolute
growth equal in developed
and emerging countries
+
Premium Paid by Category
Premium Paid
1%
34%
65%
Non-life
Life
Life
Non-life
Mortage Guaranty
5%
13%
22%
38%
21%
Retail
Institutional
Commercial Insurance
Consumer Insurance
Other
+ Commercial Vs Consumer Insurance
Casualty
General liability
Commercial
automobile
Specialty:
Aerospace
Environment
Political risk
Trade credit
Personal:
Automobile
Homeowners
Extended
warranty
insurance
+
Portfolio mix of insurance Companies
Global insurance investments
79% in bond
3.45% in Real estate
Nigeria Insurance investments
67% in bond
14% in Real estate &
mortgage
3.23% in Structured
investments
7% in Cash at Hand &
Deposit
14.6% in other assets
6% in other government
securities
4% in Policy and other loans
2% in Bill of exchange
+
Portfolio mix of insurance Companies
Global
Nigeria
Real Estate
3%
Structured
Investment
s
3%
Cash at
Hand
&
Deposit
Policy &
Other Loans 7%
4%
Other
Government
Bills of
Exchange Securities
6%
2%
Other
Assets
15%
Real Estate
& Mortgage
14%
Stocks
& Bonds
67%
Bonds
79%
+
Global Insurance Trend
Life
insurance declining
due to increase in
alternative life savings
such as
Current
account deposits
Cash
Pensions
Investments
(Retail)
Non-current account
deposits
Trend
is projected to
continue
+
Global Insurance Trend
Non-life
insurance was driven mainly by auto
insurance
Contributing
about 50% of non-life insurance
Emerging Asia and the US recorded high auto
premium
+
The Insurance Industry in
times of Crisis
+
Financial Crisis and the Insurance
Industry
Historically
insurance industry is insulated from
crisis
Solvency
was threatened by disproportionate
portfolio risk
The
risk element of business was steady
Investment
portfolios were exposed to financial
instruments
+
Financial Crisis and the Insurance
Industry
AIG, Hartford
Financial Services, Lincoln National
Corporation were affected due to their financial
products exposure
Top
five US insurance companies after the 2008/2009
crisis
Rank
Company
Total assets ($b,
December 31, 2013)
1
Metlife
885.296
2
Prudential Financial
731.781
3
American International Group (AIG)
541.329
4
TIAA-CREF
498.728
5
Berkshire Hathaway
484.931
+
Top Ten Global Insurance
Companies
Rank
Company
Country
Total assets (US$b)
1
AXA
France
1,045.62
2
Allianz
Germany
982.627
3
Metlife
US
885.296
4
Japan Post Insurance
Japan
862.088
5
Prudential Financial
US
731.781
6
Assicurazioni Generali
Italy
620.978
7
Legal & General
UK
599.043
8
China
555.258
9
Ping An Insurance
American International Group
(AIG)
US
541.329
10
Prudential plc
UK
537.629
+
The AIG Story
+
The AIG Story
AIG, the
world largest insurance company was hit
by the global financial crisis in 2008
CDO’s
in excess of capital adequacy
Credit
default swaps for subprime mortgages
crystallized
Profit
growth of over 300% with no buffers in 5
years
Insured
CDO were mostly bundled mortgages and
subprime loans
+
The AIG Story
Foreclosures
rose to record high
Eroding revenue streams
Leading
to over $25bn in losses
Sharp fall in the company’s stock price
Credit rating was lower
AIG: too
big to fail, rescued by the Feds
A
loan of $150bn was issued to AIG for 79.9% of its
equity
Initial loan was $85bn from the Feds
Repaid
over two year at the “LIBOR rate + 0.85%”
+
Components of Insurance
+
Components of Insurance
Insurance can be categorized
into two main categories
Life and Non-life insurance
Category
Globally dominated by nonlife
Life
27.12%
Life insurance is gradually
losing grounds to alternative
investments
Non-Life
50.85%
Non-life insurance accounts
for approx. 50% of insurance
companies in Nigeria
27% in Life insurance
19% in Composite
3% in Re-insurance
Composite
18.64%
Re-insurance
3.39%
Distribution in
Nigeria
+
Nigerian Insurance Industry
+
Overview of the Nigerian Financial
System
The
financial sector is dominated by the
banking industry
Banks
account for over 87% of financial sector
GDP
12.7%
87.3%
Banking
Insurance
Nigerian
Insurance
Industry
+
Growth
rate of 7.75%
Contribution to GDP: 0.18%
Consists of 59 Insurance Companies, 2 reinsurance
companies
A total of 24 listed on the Nigerian stock exchange
Regulated by the National Insurance Commission
(NAICOM)
Insurance Contribution to Nigerian
Economy
188,755.74
258,402.31
Total Net Premium
Total Gross Premium
+ Nigerian Insurance Industry
Structure
Industry
is consolidating
There
have been M&As,
Crusader insurance Vs Custodian & Allied
AXA Insurance acquired Mansard
FBN Life acquired OASIS insurance
Growth
rate of Industry premium is estimated at
18% per year
Two types of income; Investment and Technical
income
Increasing level of foreign ownership
+
Nigerian Insurance Industry
Type
Category
Number
Insurance Company
Life
16
Non-Life
30
Composite
11
Re-insurance
2
Total
59
Underwriters
57
Brokers
577
Loss Adjusters
54
Agents
1900
Reinsurance
2
Total
2600
Insurance practitioners
+
International Interest in Nigeria’s
Insurance Industry
S/No.
Name of Company
Foreign Investor
Status
1
Old Mutual Nigeria
Old Mutual Group (SA)
Wholly Owned
2
FBN Life/Oasis Insurance.
Sanlam Group (SA)
Subsidiary
3.
UBA Metropolitan Life.
Metropolitan Momentum Holdings (SA)
Subsidiary
4
Prestige Assurance.
New India
Subsidiary
5.
Mansard.
AXA Insurance
Private Equity
6
Leadway Assurance
IFC
Private Equity
7.
Law Union.
ACAP, Swede
Private Equity
8.
ADIC Insurance
NSIA Holdings
Private Equity
9.
Cornerstone Insurance
African Capital Alliance (ACA)
Private Equity
Growing presences of foreign investment in the insurance industry
Import of international best practices
Prospect of improved growth
+
Sources of Nigerian Insurance
Companies Income
Sources of Nigerian Insurance Companies Income
Others,
7.84%
Fire, 14.22%
Oil & Gas, 21.22%
Accident, 17.47%
Marine, 12.84%
Vehicle, 25.84%
Liabilities, 0.57%
+
Nigerian Insurance Industry
Total
premium of N200.40bn and N232.70bn in
2010 and 2011 respectively
Total
assets of N5.85bn and N6.21bn in 2010
and 2011 respectively
Only
1.5% of the adult population (about 1.3m
adults) have an insurance policy
+
Nigerian Insurance Industry
Positive
correlation between economic growth &
insurance
Insurance
industry usually outperforms real GDP in
most economies
But
underperforming real GDP growth in Nigeria
Average
annual growth of 1.41% relative to GDP growth
of 5.55%
An evidence of the huge investment potential in
Nigeria
+ Growth Expectation
Economic
growth expected remain positive and
average 4.8% in 2015
Growth in the insurance sector will also remain
positive
Likely to be driven by
Automotive
policy
Oil
& gas
Housing sector
Opportunity
for growth in the insurance sector in
the next four years is estimated at $105.24bn
If
it grows at par with South Africa (12% of GDP)
+
Nigerian Economic Conditions
+ Declining Growth Trajectory
The
NBS is projecting a lower growth rate of 5.97% in
Q4’14
2015 GDP growth: 4.8%
Quarterly GDP Growth Rate (%)
7
6.8
6.77
6.54
6.6
6.4
6.23
6.21
6.2
5.97
6
5.8
5.6
5.4
Q4'13
Q1'14
Q2'14
Q3'14
Q4'14
+ Stable or Higher Inflation Rate
Contrary
to global trends
Growth
in insurance sector will remain subdued to
higher inflation expectations
Headline
inflation expected to range between 1012% in 2015
The
projected spike is due to
Likely increase in annualized money supply (M2)
High interest rate environment
Political and policy uncertainties
Source: NBS, FDC Research
+Falling Naira, Declining External Reserves
Market
uncertainty heightened demand pressure
for the dollars
Interbank
Parallel
RDAS
rate at a record low of N205/$
market: N212/$
becoming ineffective
Devaluation
To
of the naira cannot be put off for long
mitigate hemorrhage of external reserves
+Falling Naira, Declining External Reserves
External
Can
reserves is now down to $33.18bn
cover 4.94months of imports and payments
Aggregate
depletion of reserves in February is
$1.1bn
Compared
to a depletion of $190m in January
Source: CBN, FDC Research
+Leading Economic Indicators (LEI’s)
Indicators
Q1’15
Q2’15
Q3’15
Q4’15
FY’15
5.75
5.45
5.91
6.16
5-6
Oil Price ($’pb)
55
60
65
65
55-60
Exchange Rate (N/$
- Inter-bank)
195
200
200
195
195-200
Inflation Rate (% ave)
9.14
9.65
10.49
10.54
10-12
MPR(% p.a.)
13
13
12
11.50
11-11.50
External Reserves
($’bn)
30
28
28
30
28-30
NSE ASI Decline (%)
-5
(-10)
(-15)
(-5)
(-8-9)
Real GDP Growth
(%)
Source: FDC Research
41
+
Policy Issues: Fiscal & Monetary
+
Broad Macroeconomic Objectives
The
national budget aims to achieve:
Infrastructural
Job
development
creation
Growth
External
sector balance
Domestic
balance
+ Revised Budget
Decline in global oil prices by over 50% prompted the budget revision
Revenue
Benchmark oil price down by
16.13%
Now $65pb for 2015
Expenditure
2015 fiscal Budget down to $26.41bn
12.40% from $30.15bn in 2014
Naira devalued by 7.74% to N168/$
50% cut on 2015 oil subsidy
Budget revenue down by 8.85%
Capex down by approx. 47.08% to
$3.8bn
Now $21.83bn for 2015
From $7.18bn in 2014
Recurrent exp. increased by 0.83% to
$15.89bn
From $15.76bn in 2014
+Budget Difference: 2014 Vs 2015
Counter
cyclical budget relative to current global trends
Fiscal deficit is projected to decline to 0.79% compared to 1.24%
in 2014
High
government spending in the face of revenue
uncertainties
Oil prices down by approx. 50% from a peak of $116pb in 2014
Benchmark oil price currently 6.02% above the spot rate of
$61.09pb
Reduction
in fuel subsidy and capex to sustainable levels
Oil subsidy down 79%
Capex reduced by approx. 59% in spite of huge infrastructure gap
Recurrent exp. is 58.65% of the budget compared to 49.45% of
budget in 2014
+Monetary Breakdown of Budget Assumptions
Decline in global oil prices by 50% prompted the budget revision
Proposed 2015
Budget
Approved
2014 Budget
(%) Change
FGN Retained Revenue
3602.96
3731
(3)
Total Federal Government Expenditure
4357.96
4724.69
(8)
Statutory Transfers
411.84
408.69
1
943
712
32
Recurrent Expenditure
2616.01
2468.83
6
Capital Expenditure (including SURE-P)
633.53
1552.99
(59)
Share of Capital As % of Total Expenditure
18.01
36.28
Share of Capital As % of Non-Debt Expenditure
14.2
31.1
-755
-993.68
-0.79%
-1.24%
Sharing from Stabilisation Fund Account (ECA)
80
324.97
(75)
New Borrowings
570
624.22
(9)
102.5
268.37
(62)
4460.46
4993.06
(11)
Debt Service
Fiscal Deficit (Based on Regular Budget)
DEFICIT/GDP
SURE-P
TOTAL FGN EXPENDITURE (Inclusive of SURE-P)
Source: FGN Budget Office
(24)
+
3 Key Budget Assumptions
Oil Price
$65pb
Production
2.27mbpd
Exchange
Rate
N165/$
+ How Realistic are the Assumptions?Price
Oil price was revised downwards twice as the oil price plunge
continued
$78pb
$73pb
$65pb
$40pb???
Oil prices are currently at $62pb, 5% below the revised benchmark
of $65pb
Implying that there will be no accretion in the fiscal and external
buffers
Likelihood of a further downward revision if oil prices fall further
+
Volatile Oil Market and Need for ECA
+ Fiscal Policy
Common
external tariff in West Africa adopted
January 1
Member
To
countries are allowed flexibility
impose additional import adjustment tax on 177
tariff lines
CET
adoption means that West Africa is a customs
union
+
Fiscal Policy
No
further reduction in PMS price
Reduction
in FAAC further in February and
March
Increase
in electricity MYTO
+ Notable Events Since November
Reversal of roles between policy makers and the
markets
Markets are initiating, while policy makers are reacting
Confidence erosion in policy implementation
Oil price
rebounds
to $57pb
1.2
Petrol
pump
price
reduced
to N87
1
Naira
devaluation
0.8
BDC
weekly
sale
NOP
increased
to 0.5%
0.6
0.4
Naira
drops to
record
low
Reserves
down to
$33.52bn
CET
Tariff
0.2
0
24-Nov
04-Dec
14-Dec
24-Dec
03-Jan
13-Jan
23-Jan
02-Feb
12-Feb
+ Monetary Policy Response
CBN putting off the Inevitable
Next
MPC meeting on March 23/24
Monetary conditions and challenges cannot wait
The meeting is 7 days to the presidential election
Bank of America describes current situation as
policy paralysis
Naira has depreciated 16% since June
In 2008 it fell 26% in total
+ Monetary Policy Response
CBN putting off the Inevitable
Bank
of America is forecasting an additional 7%
depreciation from here to N202
Expects the exchange rate band to be devalued
again
Russia another oil exporter is in a worse position
than Nigeria
It is already in a severe recession and faces
currency and market volatility
Its currency has fallen 83.88% since June
The J.P Morgan index exclusion is a major
consideration for monetary policy
+ Monetary Policy Response
CBN putting off the Inevitable
FDC
diverges with Bank of America on the
possibility of another 200bp hike in MPR to 15%p.a
Our
view is that MPR will be reduced by 1%p.a and
CRR will be shaved at the next meeting
+ Impact of Banking Balance Sheets and
Portfolios
A
movement in interest rates in addition to
exchange rate adjustments
Will threaten asset quality and compress
margins of companies
Also collateral values in shares, real estate or
debentures will be eroded
+
How Realistic are the AssumptionsExchange Rate
Official
exchange rate was devalued by 7.74% to
N168 in November 2014
Below benchmark exchange rate of N165
There
is a 30% likelihood of another devaluation
Last time oil prices were this low (2008-09),
The naira was devalued twice by 24% overall to
N146 from N118
Oil Price & Exchange Rate
90
150.00
155.00
160.00
165.00
170.00
175.00
180.00
185.00
190.00
195.00
200.00
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Source: FDC Research
Oil price ($'pb)- LHS
Interbank rate (N/$)- RHS
+
What to Expect
+
What to Expect
Reduction
Fiscal
deficit will widen above 2% of GDP
Increased
Low
in fiscal revenue
borrowing to fund revenue shortfall
debt to GDP ratio of approximately 12% of
GDP provides some headroom
Higher
tax base
Subsidy
Wage
removal
pressures
+
Constraints & Implications
+
Constraints
Poor
corporate governance
High default rates
Low capital
Low capacity and skills
Cultural factors
High level of consumers’ ignorance of the
advantages of insurance products.
High rate of unemployment and low GDP per
capita figures
Lack of genuine property ownership
documents
+ Implications for Insurance Industry
Insurance
premium likely to increase as
devaluation leads to higher replacement cost
Premium
on foreign re-insurance higher
Revenue
decline increases fiscal deficit
To
be funded by fixed income securities
Low
debt to GDP ratio of approximately 12% of
GDP provides some headroom
Consolidation
is expected with more M&A’s
+
Opportunities
+ Opportunities
Young
and growing population of approx. 170m people
Growth rate of 2.6% (4m)
Technological
Stable
advancement
economic growth
Projected at 6.2%
Mobile
phone ownership is 84.9% in urban areas
and 55.6% in rural areas
Sale of life insurance using mobile phone network to
126million active lines
+
Thank You