Transcript Africa climate and resources

 A.
Explain how water pollution and unequal
distribution of water impacts irrigation,
trade industry and drinking water.
 B.
Explain the relationship between poor
soil and deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa.
 C. Explain
the impact of desertification on
the environment of Africa from the Sahel to
the rainforest.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
List the four major river systems of
Africa.
List two benefits of a dam on a river.
List two drawbacks that could result
from a river being blocked by a dam.
How do water barriers limit the use of
rivers in Africa?
What is desertification?
How can fertilizers damage the
environment?
 Put
an A for Africa,
a ME for Middle
East or a B for both
areas.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Oil
Rain Forest
Deserts
Poverty
10.
11.
12.
Arabs
Sahel
U.S. Soldiers
Islam
Suez Canal
Diamond Mines
Rift Valley
Equator
 Most
of Africa has
warm or hot climates
year-round.
 Rainfall
varies greatly
throughout the
region.
 Basically, it
is
unprocessed
chocolate.
 Cacao trees only
grow in the tropics,
and need at least 50
inches of rain a year
and hot weather.
 Coffee
 Rubber
 Palm
Oil
 Timber
 Millet (corn)
 Cotton
 Tea
 Peanuts
 Bananas
 30%
of African
GDP is from
farming.
 Much farming is
subsistence.
 Copper
 Gold
 Iron
 Uranium
 Chromium
 Diamonds
 Petroleum
 Lumber
 Salt
 Oil
 Coal
 Egypt
 Sudan
 Nigeria
 Libya
 Congo
 South
Africa
If
Africa has so many natural
resources, why are so many
people so poor?
 What
is Standard of
Living?
• Housing
• Health Care
• Water and Sanitation
• Food Supplies
• Transportation
• Life Expectancy
• Infant mortality
 Life
Expectancy =
average length of life
at birth.
 Japan
82.6 #1
 Israel 80.7
 U.S. 78.37 #34
 Algeria 72.3
 Congo 54.36
 Nigeria 46.94
 Angola 38.2
 Lack
of rain for a long period of time.
 Plants and crops die, causing widespread
starvation.
 How
have droughts affected your life in
Georgia?
 What
ways could you conserve water?
 Where
does our water come from in
Cobb County?
•
More than 90% of Sub-Saharan Africa lies
between the Tropic of Cancer and the
Tropic of Capricorn.
Trade Winds
* Winds that cause
seasonal patterns of rainy
and dry seasons.
* As the winds rise over
the escarpments at the
edge of the plateau, they
drop moisture and heavy
rain.
Harmattan
*A seasonal wind that
carries dry dusty air from
the Sahara to Sub-Saharan
Africa.
 Widespread
clearing of forests
 Soil on the cleared land becomes less fertile.
 Poor soil and deforestation cause more land to
become useless for farming and agriculture.
 Result
of population
growth and use of
wood for cooking.
 Some deforestation is
a result of
commercial logging.
 When trees are
removed, land
becomes less fertile.
 Ecotourism promotes
economy without
hurting environment.
 Process
that turns
once fertile land into
land too dry to
support life.
 Caused by:
• Drought
• Deforestation
• Overgrazing
• Erosion
 Deserts
expand and
famine results.
 Decertification
of
land decreases land
for farming and
increases poverty.
 Deserts
expand into
savanna and sahel
which reduces
farmland and habitat
for wildlife.
 Rivers
cannot be traveled because of
waterfalls, but those same waterfalls can be
used to create hydroelectric power.
 Most countries are too poor to build dams on
the many rivers, but a huge dam on the Congo
River provides power to run the Congo’s mines.
 Rivers are a renewable energy resource, and
they hold great promise for Africa’s future.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Desertification
Cacao
Deforestation
Water
Trade Winds
Harmattan
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Unprocessed chocolate;
crop grown in Africa
Widespread clearing of
forests
Cause seasonal patterns or
dry and rainy seasons
Process that turns once
fertile land into land too dry
to support life.
seasonal wind that carries
dry dusty air from the
Sahara to Sub-Saharan
Africa
Renewable energy resource,
can be used to create
hydroelectric power in
some countries.