Transcript Total

Brazilian Science, Technology and Innovation Policy:
a Overview
Mariano Francisco Laplane
[email protected]
Some numbers on Brazil
Total area
8.5 million km²
Population
191 million
GDP (2010)
3,7 US$ trillion
Investment in R&D
Scientists and researchers
Scientific papers
1.16 % GDP in 2010
232,000 in 2010 (headcount)
2.7 % of world scientific production
Slide 2
Historical Notes on Brazilian S&T
 Until Second World War Brazil had a very small number of
scientists and little institutional base for research
 Industry was incipient, mostly in traditional sectors.
 Federal S&T agencies created in the 1950´s. (CNPq and
CAPES)
 Graduate programs and full time faculty positions
established only in the 1960´s.
 FINEP (Agency financing engineering projects) created in
the 1970´s.
 Economic instability in the 1980’ s and 1990’s.
 Recovery and expansion in the recent decade.
Slide 3
Publicações
Docentes com Doutorado
Matrículas no Ensino Superior
Orçamento - MCTI
Orçamento - CNPq
Orçamento - Capes
Slide 4
• National Funding Agencies:
•
•
•
•
CNPQ (Basic & Applied Research)
FINEP (Innovation)
CAPES (Min. of Education)
Dept Science & Tech Min. Health
• 26 state funding agencies
• Main ones: FAPESP,FAPERJ,
FAPEMIG, FACEPE, FAPEAM,
FAPERGS, FAPESBA
Slide 5
Partnership with States
PPP
PRONEM
PPSUS
CNPq
Fellowships to
students and postdocs
PRONEX
Science
without
Borders
INCT
International
cooperation
Universal
Call
Researcher’s
Fellowships
Support to
Graduate
Programs
Support to
Technological Research
and Innovation
RHAE
Researchers
in Industry
Fellowships
to Tech
Transfer
Post-docs in
Industry
Industrial
PhD
Programs
Slide 6
+
Slide 7
Leader in deep sea oil and gas prospection and extraction
2007- Tupi – 7000 m
Slide 8
Prof. Richard H.
Smith, Head of
Aeronautics Dept. at
MIT → Brazil, 1948
+
Slide 9
3rd largest passenger airplane company in the world
Slide 10
Centenary Agricultural Schools
+
Slide 11
Leader in Tropical Agriculture, Food Production and Export
Brazilian agricultural production
has been fuelled by S,T&I
Product
World
ranking
Sugar, orange juice, coffee
1st
Soya, Beef and poultry
2nd
Corn, fruits
3rd
Slide 12
1925
1975
2003
Slide 13
Science, Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development
Innovation rate in industrial firms
38,1%
2005-2008
33,4%
2003-2005
33,3%
2001-2003
31,5%
1998-2000
1900ral
1954ral
2009ral
2064ral
2119ral
2173ral
2228ral
Innovative firms
Total number of industrial firms
14
Slide 14
2012 – 2015 National Strategy for
Science, Technology and Innovation
Slide 15
Sustainable growth of Brazilian economy
lays the ground for long term planning
Economic Policy
Education
Development Plan
PDE
Growth Acceleration
Programme
(Infrastructure)
PAC
Productive
Development Policy
PDP
Action Plan
in Science, Technology
and Innovation
PACTI
Defense Policy
Health Development
Plan
16
Agriculture
Development Plan
Strong interaction among
federal public policies
Slide 16
Strategic Map
Sustainable
Development
Facing challenges
S,T&I as the structuring axis of development in Brazil
Reduction of
scientific and
technological gap
that still separates
Brazil from more
developed nations
Expansion and
consolidation
of Brazilian
leadership in
the natural
knowledge
economy
Expansion of the
basis for
environmental
sustainability and
developing a low
carbon economy
Strengthening of
Support Basis of the
S,T & I Policy
Promotion of
Innovation
Human Resources
capacity building
Improvement of the
Instruments of
S,T & I Policy
Improvement of the
regulatory framework to
promote innovation
Improvement and expansion
of the financing structure of
the scientific and
technological development
Consolidation
of the new
pattern of
Brazil’s
international
insertion
Overcoming
poverty and
reducing social
and regional
inequalities
Strengthening of scientific
and technological
research and
infrastructure
Strengthening the S,T & I
National System
Slide 17
Priority Programs
• ICT – Information and
Communications Technology
Pharmaceuticals and Health
Industrial Complex
Oil and Gas
• Defense Industrial Complex
Aerospace
• Nuclear
• Frontiers for innovation
- Biotechnology
- Nanotechnology
• Fostering of Green Economy
- Renewable Energies
- Climatic Changes
- Biodiversity
- Oceans and Coastal Areas
• S,T&I for Social Development
- Popularization of S, T & I and
Improvement of Science Teaching
- Productive Inclusion and Social
Technology
- Technologies for sustainable cities
Sectors – Industrial Policy (Plano Brasil Maior)
Slide 18
Strengthening of scientific
and technological
research and infrastructure
Slide 19
Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor
• Fully meet the national demand for
radioisotopes for medical applications
• Conduct R&D for power generation,
nuclear propulsion and applications
• Support for human resource training
RMB
• RMB will be installed in
Iperó, São Paulo
Slide 20
Sirius SLS Project
3rd generation Synchrotron Light Source
• New horizons for characterisation techniques of
synthetic and biological materials
• It will allow more than 2,000 researchers from Brazil and
from abroad to use the beam lines
• A project of the national Synchrotron Light Laboratory, it
will be installed in
Campinas, SP
Slide 21
Priority Programs
Information and Communications Technology – ICT
ICT expenditure in Latin America
Brazilian Market
7º ICT market
Participation in the total
8%
3º computer market
Increased growth in 2010
8,8%
5º cell phone market
Brazilian ICT Market (2010)
Total IT
U$S85,1 billions
Communication
U$S 80,6 billions
Total
Trade deficit of the sector
2010: US$ 18,9 billions
U$S 165,7 billions
Slide 22
Priority Programs
Health Industrial Complex
Global Market: US$ 1 trillion
Brazil: 1,2% of global market
Trade deficit (2010): ~ US$ 10,2 billions
Public market of health:
50% of health market
25% of the pharmaceutical acquisition
Public procurement of health complex: US$ 4 billions
Government Procurement (regulatory pending)
Acquisition of national goods and services with preference
margin of up to 25% on imported goods
Future: Invest in biological medicines
Slide 23
Clean Energy
Priority Programs
Fostering innovation in clean energy
Photovoltaics
Develop the production chain until solar grade
Wind
Should increase sevenfold by 2014
(1 GW in 2011 to 7 GW in 2014)
Ethanol: the new generations
PAISS (FINEP and BNDES partnership): R$ 1 bilhão
• High value-added
• 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation
Smart Grid
Implementation of a smart grid pilot project
Technical cooperation agreement with ANEEL: National Plan for Smart Grid
Slide 24
Priority Programs
Brazilian Space Program
Satellites
2012
2013
CBERS-3
2014
2015
2016
2018
Amazonia-1B
Sabia-MAR
Amazonia-2
2019
CBERS-4
Amazonia-1
ITASAT
IBAS
GEO-COM
GEO-MET
SAR
GEO-COM-2
Slide 25
Priority Programs
The Oil and Gas Industry - Pre-Salt
Topside
Subsea
Brazilian companies have been active
for more than 50 years on projects for
oil and gas industry, including
production platforms
Need for participation of national
companies in the sector for
performance subsea and
downhole
Downhole
+
26
Using of State purchasing power
+ financing innovation in an
integrated manner
Slide 26
Science Without Borders Program
Slide 27
Landscape of the Brazilian
Higher Education System
Institutions (Universities and Colleges)
Undergraduate enrolments
2,377
6.92 million
Undergraduate conclusions per year
1 million
Graduate students (MSc+PhD)
190,000
MSc conclusions per year
43,000
PhD conclusions per year
12,000
Slide 28
Number of Enrolments in Higher Education
(only undergraduates, includes distance education)
6.379.299
2001-2010
Fonte: MEC / Inep
Slide 29
National Development Strategy
 Invest in people: development of skills
and competences needed to the full
insertion in the knowledge-based
economy
 Focus on the national strategic
challenges
− Engineering and other technological
areas
− Strategic areas
 Promotion of industrial R,D&I
Slide 30
• Boost Brazilian science, technology, innovation and
competitiveness through the expansion of international
mobility. (100.000 fellowships in 4 years)
• Increase the presence of Brazilian researchers and
students of various levels in institutions of excellence
overseas;
Brazilian institutions will open similar opportunities for
foreign scientists and students;
• Increase the innovative expertise of personnel from the
technological industries;
• Attract young scientific talents and highly qualified
researchers to work in Brazil.
Slide 31
Priority Areas
•Engineering and other technological areas;
•Natural Sciences
•Health and Biomedical Sciences ;
•Computing and Information Technology;
•Aerospace;
•Pharmaceuticals;
•Sustainable Agricultural Production;
•Oil and gas;
•Nuclear Energy
•Renewable Energy;
•Minerals;
•Biotechnology;
•Nanotechnology and New Materials;
•Technology for prevention and mitigation of natural disasters;
•Biodiversity and bioprospection;
•Marine Sciences;
•Technologies for the green economy;
•New technologies for constructive engineering;
•Capacity building for technical personnel.
Slide 32
Modalities of Fellowships and Targets
“Sandwich” - Undergraduate
64,000
“Sandwich” – PhD
15,000
Full PhD abroad
Post-Doctoral Fellowship abroad
Fellowships for industrial scientists and
engineers
Young talents to Brazil
Visiting Leading Scientists to Brazil
4,500
6,440
Total
Govenment
Private sector
7,060
2,000
2,000
101.000
75,000
26,000
Slide 33
41,133 Fellowships awarded until May/2013
Slide 34
Thank you
Mariano Francisco Laplane
[email protected]
http://www.cgee.org.br/
Slide 35