Transcript Panel 4-Regional Cooperation in Renewable Energy

Towards the Cooperation in Central Asia via
Energy Saving and Renewable Energy
Integrating Central Asia into the
World Economy: The Role of
Energy and Transport Infrastructure
Washington, 21-22 October, 2007
Kanat Baigarin, Dr.
Climate Change Co-ordination Centre
General Information: Some regional
organizations and Program in Central Asia
• OCAC (CA Cooperation): KZ,KR,RU,TJ, UZ
• OCAREC (CA Regional Economical Cooperation):
AZ,CHI,KZ,KR,MO,TJ,UZ
• CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)
• OEC (Economical Cooperation): AF,AZ,IR,KZ,KR,PA,TJ,TU,TRK,UZ
• EEC (Euro-asian economical community): BE,KZ,RK,RU,TJ,+UZ
• ShOC (Shanghai organization for Cooperation): CH,KZ,RK,RU,TJ,UZ
• UEA (Unified Economical Area): BE,KZ,RU,UK
• SPECA (Special UN Program for CA Economy):
AF,AZ,KZ,RK,TJ,TRK,UZ
General Information: Review of CA
States participation in Regional
cooperation
States
OCAC CAREC CIS OEC EEC ShOC UEA SPECA
Kazakhstan
X
X
X
X
X
X
Kyrgyzstan
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Tajikistan
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
X
X
X
X
General Information: Map of Central Asia
Kazakhstan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports:$35.55 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Exports - commodities:
oil and oil products 58%, ferrous metals 24%, chemicals 5%,
machinery 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal (2001)
• Exports - partners: Germany 12.4%, Russia 11.6%, China
10.9%, Italy 10.5%, France 7.4%, Romania 4.9% (2006)
Imports: $22 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment 41%, metal
products 28%, foodstuffs 8% (2001)
• Imports - partners: Russia 36.7%, China 19.5%, Germany 7.4%
(2006)
Uzbekistan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $5.51 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Exports - commodities: cotton, gold, energy products, mineral
fertilizers, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, textiles, food
products, machinery, automobiles
• Exports - partners: Russia 23.9%, Poland 11.8%, China
10.5%, Turkey 7.5%, Kazakhstan 6%, Ukraine 4.7%,
Bangladesh 4.4% (2006)
• Imports: $3.99 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, foodstuffs,
chemicals, ferrous and non-ferrous metals
• Imports - partners: Russia 27.8%, South Korea 15.6%, China
10.4%, Kazakhstan 7.3%, Germany 7.1%, Ukraine 4.8%,
Turkey 4.5% (2006)
Turkmenistan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $5.421 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Exports - commodities: gas, crude oil, petrochemicals, cotton
fiber, textiles
• Exports - partners: Ukraine 47.2%, Iran 16.3%, Azerbaijan
4.3% (2006)
• Imports: $3.936 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals,
foodstuffs
• Imports - partners: UAE 13.7%, Azerbaijan 11.8%, Turkey
9.9%, Ukraine 8.1%, Russia 8%, Germany 6.9%, Iran 6.7%,
China 5.7% (2006)
Kyrgyzstan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $701.8 million f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Exports - commodities: cotton, wool, meat, tobacco;
gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower;
machinery; shoes Exports - partners: UAE 35.7%,
Russia 20.2%, Kazakhstan 13%, China 11.7% (2006)
• Imports: $1.177 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Imports - commodities: oil and gas, machinery and
equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs Imports - partners:
China 56.8%, Russia 15.1%, Kazakhstan 8.1% (2006)
Tajikistan: Export-Import Priorities
• Exports: $1.16 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Exports - commodities: aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits,
vegetable oil, textiles
• Exports - partners: Norway 13.9%, Russia 13%, Turkey
12.2%, Uzbekistan 9.4%, US 6.4%, Italy 5.3%, Iran 5.2%,
Greece 4.2% (2006)
• Imports: $1.513 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
• Imports - commodities: electricity, petroleum products,
aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs
• Imports - partners: Russia 21.2%, China 17.2%, Kazakhstan
10.6%, Uzbekistan 9.6%, Azerbaijan 7.3%, Ukraine 5.2%,
Turkey 4% (2006)
General Information:
GDP(PPP)/
GDP(ExR)
GDP/capita
(PPP)
Power
Production/Co
nsumption
Intensity
Million
Bln.$
$
Bln.kWh
15.3
6,9
143.4/54
9400
Kyrgyzstan
5,3
3,37
10.7/2.3
Tajikistan
7,07
4,8
Turkmenistan
5,1
Uzbekistan
Total
States
GDP
Rate
Population
bellow
poverty
Kg/
$1000
%
%
66.5/56
6
10,6
19
2100
14/6.8
3,2
2,7
40
9.5/2.1
1300
16.5/15.
7
4,0
7
64
2,6
42.8/15.2
8500
11/9
6
6
58
27,8
16,3
55.7/10.8
3
2000
49/47
8
7.3
33
60.6
4o
250/85
Populati
on
Rural
Million
Kazakhstan
160
CO2
21-22 mln
The structure of power plants installed capacity
in Kazakhstan:
General capacity – 18,190 МW;
The Northern zone -13,130 MW
The Western energy zone - 2,070 MW
The Southern Energy Zone-2,990 MW
Thermal gas-turbine and steam-to-gas stations – 395 MW (2%);
Hydraulic power stations 2230 MВт (12%)
Thermal steam-power plants that use organic fuel – 15,565 MW (86%);
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan has a high potential
for energy saving:
A weighted energy consumption for production of some energy
intensive products:
Kazakhstan
copper
1,442 kWh/tons
rolled iron 190 kWh/tons
steel
650 kWh/tons
aluminum 670 kWh/tons
the United States
300 kWh/tons
23 kWh/tons
152 kWh/tons
240 kWh/tons
Wind power potential estimates -a total capacity of 2,000
МW(500MW up to 2030)
Attractiveness of these projects:
• immediate proximity to the existing power lines;
• high level of demand for energy;
• especially good conditions in the area of the Djungar Gates and the Shelek Corridor in the
Almaty Oblast
Wind potential in North Kazakhstan
Isovents of annual average wind speed for North Kazakhstan based on the period
1951-11977(Wind Energy in Kazakhstan, part1:Market Development Study,1998)
Example- Pilot Wind PS-5MW in
Djungar Gates
•The Kazakhstan / UNDP/GEF Project «On Overcoming Barriers to
Development of Wind Power Engineering in Kazakhstan» (1997-1999), GEF
possible grant for construction of a WPS-5 MW $ US 1,000,000
•Pre-feasibility completed. Almatyautomatica JSC completed work on installation
of a 500 kW wind power station in the Druzhba Railway Station area.
• Supported from the Government of Kazakhstan. Need to develop legislative
documents ( privileges and taxes) to implement the Project and to promote RE
•Proposed as JI/CDM project: total project cost : US $ 5.2 million
Annual Emission Reductions- 21,211t CO2
ERs Eligible for CDM (2004 –2012) 190,899 t CO2
ERs Eligible for JI( 2008-2012) 106,055 t CO2
Instalation of DjungarWPS-500kW by
JSC AlmatyAvtomatika
Hydro power potential estimates at 170TWh/yr
Construction of 450 small hydropower plants of a total capacity of 2,500 МW
with production of 11 TWh/year
•At present the country use about 8 TWh/year.
•The preference - construction of new ( Mainak HPP-300MW and Kerbulak
HPP-500MW); construction and also rehabilitation of small and middle-size
HPPs which are economically wise.
•The Almaty Oblast – the best perspective for development of small HPPs ( but
dependent on large energy imports from other regions )
•Current delivery system for baseline estimation (displacement of fossil fuel
fired plants)
Coal Mining
Production of oil
Gas Production
Coal/Lignite
Fuel Oil
Natural
Gas
Transport
Condensing
Power Plants
APC, HPP3
Transport
Transport
Electricity to
the grid
End User
Cogeneration
Plants
APC; HPP1;
HPP2
Heat Output
End User
The Bartogay hydropower site