Transcript The protection of copyright and related rights and their role in trade

The Protection of Copyright and
Related Rights and Their Role in
Trade and Commerce
April 3, 2008
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Copyright
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A bundle of rights granted by
law to creators of intellectual
works.
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History
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First national law (1709)
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First international treaty (1886)
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Common Features
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Works
Rights
Limitations
Duration of protection
Ownership and transfer
Exercise
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Copyright Protection
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National
Bilateral
Regional
Multilateral
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International Conventions
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Berne Convention (1886)
Universal Copyright Convention (1952)
TRIPS Agreement (1994)
WIPO Copyright Treaty (1996)
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Berne Convention
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Berne Convention for the Protection of
Literary and Artistic Works (1886)
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1886
1971 last revised
163 Member States
Administered by WIPO
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Purpose
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… to protect, in as effective and
uniform a manner as possible, the
rights of authors in their literary and
artistic works.
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Works Protected
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…every production in the literary,
scientific and artistic domain, whatever
may be the mode or form of its
expression.
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Copyrightable Works
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Literary works
Musical works
Artistic works
Dramatical works
Cinematographic works
Photographic works
Computer program
Multimedia works
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Economic Rights
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Translation
Reproduction
Public performance
Public recitation
Broadcasting and ctp
Adaptation
Arrangements or other alteration
……
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Moral Rights
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To claim authorship
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To protect integrity
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Limitations on Rights
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Free use
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Non-voluntary licenses
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Limitations on Rights
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Confined to special cases
Do not conflict with normal
exploitation of the work
Do not unreasonably prejudice the
legitimate interests of the author.
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Duration of Protection
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Economic rights:
- 50 years after death
- 50 years after publication
- 50 years after making
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Moral rights:
- at least as long as economic rights
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Ownership and transfer
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Creator
Employer
Commissioner
Assignment
License
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Basic Principles
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National treatment
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Automatic protection
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Minimum protection
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Appendix
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Right of translation
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Right of reproduction
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UCC
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Universal Copyright Convention (UCC)
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Adopted 1952
100 Member States
Administered by UNESCO
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TRIPs Agreement
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Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights (1994)
Berne plus
- works
- rights
- enforcement
WTO
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WCT
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WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT)
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Adopted 1996
Effective March 2002
64 Members
Administered by WIPO
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Main Issues
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Application of rights in digital systems
Limitations and exceptions
Technological measures of protection
Rights management information
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Related Rights (neighboring rights)
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Performers
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Phonogram producers
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Broadcasting organizations
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Related Rights
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Fixation
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Reproduction
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Broadcasting
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International Conventions
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Rome Convention (1961)
Phonogram Convention (1971)
Satellite Convention (1974)
TRIPS Agreement (1994)
Performances & Phonograms Treaty (1996)
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Rome Convention
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International Convention for the Protection
of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and
Broadcasting Organizations
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1961
86 Member States
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Administered by WIPO, UNESCO, ILO
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Phonogram Convention
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Convention for the Protection of
Producers of Phonograms against
Unauthorized Duplication of Their
Phonograms
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1971
76 Member States
Administered by WIPO, UNESCO, ILO
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TRIPS Agreement
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Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS
Agreement)
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Rights of performers
Rights of producers
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WPPT
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WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
(WPPT)
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Adopted 1996
Effective May 2002
62 Members
Administered by WIPO
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Main Issues
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Application of right in digital systems
Limitations and exceptions
Technological measures of protection
Rights management information
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CRR and Russian Federation
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WIPO Convention 1970
Berne Convention
1995
Phonogram Convention 1995
Rome Convention
2003
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Rational of Protection
Promote creativity
 Develop & strengthen cultural and information
industries
 Promote & enrich national cultural heritage
 Promote trade in cultural goods & products
 Encourage cultural exchanges
 Enhance quality of daily life
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Role in Trade & Commerce
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Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Propert
Rights (TRIPS Agreement, 1994)
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World Trade Organization (WTO)
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Free Trade Agreements (bilateral, regional)
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Studies on Economic Importance
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Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay
Canada, USA
Australian, New Zealand
Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon
India, Japan, Singapore
Austria, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Latvia,
Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, UK, EU
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The Importance of Copyright
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Contributions to:
- GDP
- Employment
- Trade
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Creative Industries
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Core copyright
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Interdependent copyright
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Partial copyright
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Non-dedicated support industry
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Core Copyright
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Software and database
Press and literature
Music, theatrical productions and opera
Advertising services
Radio and TV
Visual and graphic arts
Motion picture and video
Photography
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Interdependent Copyright
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- Computer and equipment
- TV sets, radio, VCRs, cassette and CD
player, e-games equipment and similar
- Musical instruments
- Photographic and cinematographic inst
- Photocopiers
- Blank recording material
- Paper
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Partial Copyright
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- Apparel, textiles & footwear
- Jewelry and coins
- Other crafts
- Furniture
- Household goods, china and glass
- Wall coverings & carpets
- Toys and games
- Architecture, engineering, surveying
- Interior design, museums
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Non-dedicated Support Industry
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- General wholesaling and retailing
- General transportation
- Telephony and internet
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Singapore
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Copyright-based industries boost
Singapore’s economy
- S$8.6 billion value-added
- 5.6% GDP
- 5.7% employment
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Comparison
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Whole sale and retail: 12.5%
Financial services:
11.6
Electronic goods/cmps: 7.5
Construction:
6
Copyright-based:
5.6
Chemical products:
3.4
Hotels & restaurants:
2.3
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Other Countries
Country
Year
GDP% Employment%
UK
2001
7.9
1.95m
US
2002
6
4
Netherlands
1998
5.5
5.4
Finland
1997
4.13
3.98
Australia
1999
3.3
3.8
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Other Countries
Country
Year
VA%
Employment
Argentina
Brazil
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
1993
1998
1997
1990s
1990s
6.6
6.7
6
2
1
500,000
1.3 m
60,000
150,000
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THANK YOU
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