Transcript 2. Main Achievement

Introduction to the
Innovation System of China
December 6th, 2013
XU Jianguo,
Director-General,
Office for Innovation System, Ministry of
Science and Technology, P.R.China
OUTLINE
1. Background
2. Main Achievement
3. Key Deployment
1. Background
•
Global economy under profound adjustment: EU sovereign debt crisis,
capital flight from BRICS countries (in 2012, the developed economies
grew by 1.3%, and the emerging economies 5.3%)
•
A new Sci-tech revolution and industrial transformation represented by
new energy, new material, information, biology, nano tech are under
incubation at a faster speed
•
Common choice: S&T innovation, real economy and quality employment
– US: go for innovative economy and reindustrialization, invest 3% of
GDP in R&D
– EU: Horizon 2020 Program, investment totaled €80 billion．
– Japan: S&T comprehensive innovation strategy, prioritize economy,
deliver social security and rich life to people, explore the unknown
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1. Background
China's Strategic Choice--Innovation Driven Development
•
In Jan. 2006, China published The Outlines on Medium and Long Term Planning of
Scientific and Technological Development (2006-2020), which introduced the policy
on indigenous innovation and the goal toward an innovation-oriented country
•
In July 2012, the national S&T Innovation Congress introduced the No.6 DocOpinions of the CPC Central Committee and State Council on S&T System Reform
and National Innovation System Development, focusing on improving the innovation
capacity of enterprises and facilitating the integration of S&T and economy.
•
In Nov. 2012, the 18th CPC National Congress introduced the strategy of innovation
driven development
To implement the strategy of innovation driven development necessitates the
development of the national innovation system with Chinese features.
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2. Main Achievement
Indigenous Innovation Capacity Has Notably Improved.
Social R&D expenditure grows by over 20% annually for years.
In 2012, the expense reached 1.02984 trillion RMB (1.98% of GDP) and world No.3
•
R&D personnel reached 3.2 million man-year and world No.1
•
The number of scientific articles included in SCI stood at world No.2 for
consecutive four years
•
Granted patent for invention reached 217,000 copies and world No.3
•
Technology turnover increased by over 20% annually, reaching 640 billion RMB in
2012
•
The aggregate output value of the high-tech industry has registered sustained and
fast growth.
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2. Main Achievement
Major Achievements in S&T Innovation
Ø16 Major Special Programs
ØNational Science and
Technology Infrastructure
Program (key technology R&D)
ØHigh-tech R&D Program
ØNational Basic Research
Program
ØNational Natural Science
Foundation
ØSpark Program
ØTorch Program
ØAchievement Transformation
Fund
Cutting-edge technologies including Shenzhou9 Spacecraft docking with Tiangong-1 target
module and Jiaolong manned submersible
reaching 7000 m deep.
Progress made in basic research on Quantum
Entanglement and Anomalous Quantum Hall
Effect
Tackled key technologies including hybrid rice,
superconductivity power transformation, 65-40
nano etcher, TD-LTE-based broadband
multimedia, and the 3000-metre semisubmersible drilling platform. Industry grows
stronger and more competitive and the economy
more technology based.
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2. Main Achievement
Innovation Capacity Keeps Growing.
•
In 2013, Chinese mainland ranks as the 21st most competitive
economy in the world (Hong Kong, China, 3rd). A developing
China boosts the competitiveness in Asia. (IMD World
Competitiveness Scoreboard 2013 , International Institute for
Management Development Business School in Lausanne)
•
National Innovation Index ranking rose from 38th in 2000 to 20th
in 2011. (National Innovation Index Report 2012, Chinese
Academy of Science and Technology for Development)
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Problems
•
The main players need to be more innovative: especially
enterprises
•
The industry lacks core technologies:key parts, new materials and
equipment are export-depended (95% of digital controlled system,
and 85% of integrated circuit)
•
Innovation elements cannot flow freely: including talents,
technologies, etc.
•
Synergy and openness needed: need more synergy innovation and
going global further
We must deepen reform and rely on
enterprises to improve innovation capacity.
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3. Key Deployment
Center on implementing the No.6 Doc.
•
Strengthen leadership and organization: The State Council established the Leading
Group of National SCI-TECH System Reform and Innovation System, headed by
vice premier LIU Yandong
•
Clarify responsibility to fulfill tasks: Compile and implement the Work Plan for the
No.6 Doc, which introduced 62 tasks and 242 reform measures.
•
Make steady progress while focusing on priorities: Identified 20 key tasks for
reform
•
Related departments has published 105 docs on reform policies.
•
CPC committees and governments of each province, autonomous regions and
municipality directly under the central gov have all introduced policies and docs
accordingly.
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Organization
Leading Group of National SCI-TECH System Reform and Innovation System
Leading Group Office ( in MoST)
Mi ni s
try of
Fi nan
ce
GOV
Policie
s and
laws
Nati on al
De vel o p
ment and
Re f or m
Commiss
ion
M
o
S
T
Enterprises (large
and key enterprises,
Medium, small and
micro ones)
research
institutes
under
enterprises
Mi nis
try of
Educ
ation
Mi ni s try
o
f
In dus try
a n d
Informat
i o n
Technol o
gy
Militar
y and
civilian
integrat
ion
industryuniversity
-research
cooperati
on

Univer
sities
discipline &
talent
development
Chines
e
Aca de
my of
S ci enc
es
Chinese
A c a de
my of
Eng i ne
ering
know-how
innovation
tech
transfer
(26 Ministries and
Institutes)
Research
institutes
modern
system of
research
institutes
Intermedia
ry
(platforms,
incubators,
tech transfer
institutes)
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Increase the Tech Innovation
Capacity of Enterprises
―Grow innovation-oriented enterprises
(support enterprise research institutions and consolidate the national S&T platform, etc)
―Close collaboration among enterprises, universities and
research institutes
(support the strategic alliance for industrial technological innovation and synergy
innovation center, etc)
―Channel innovation resources to enterprises
―Cultivate the policy atmosphere for enterprise innovation
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Set up the Mechanism for
Synergy Innovation
•
Deepen reform on university research system
(program on enhancing university innovation capacity; combine
science and education, and efforts of enterprises, universities, and
research institutes)
•
Develop the regional innovation system with local features
(pilots of innovation-oriented provinces and municipalities, etc)
•
Improve the military-civilian synergy innovation mechanism
(Enhance the arrangement and coordination for planning, plans,
programs)
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Deepen Reform on S&T Management
•
The fundamental system: the scientific report system and the innovation survey
system, etc.
•
S&T project management reform: Set up and improve the mechanism where
decision making, implementation and evaluation go independently and
supervise each other. Improve the macro layout and recreate project
management process. Adopt online video review, the legal person responsibility
system and project executive system, etc.
•
S&T budget supervision: Set an appropriate propotion of competitive fund
against stable fund, improve the mechanism of compensation on overhead cost,
improve the flexibility of budget and discretion of users, impose more strict
rules on financing, put in place the accountability system, etc.
•
S&T resource sharing: open large equipment and facilities, adopt the
mechanism of performance assessment and incentives
13
Reform on S&T Evaluation and
Awarding
•
Evaluation and awarding oriented toward innovation quality and practical
contribution
•
Classified evaluation of various types of research: basic research ( peer evaluation),
applied research (evaluation by third party), industrialization (market evaluation)
•
Rewarding system featuring public nomination, scientific deliberation and
discussion, practical test and public trust; control the number of governmental
awards, standardize non-gov. awards, explore science awarding through peer
nomination and peer expert evaluation, etc.
•
More support to outstanding and young talents with extraordinary contribution.
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Improve S&T Policies, Laws and
Regulations
•
Implement the established policies (additional deduction of enterprise R&D
expenses, tax incentives for High-tech enterprises,and acquisition and
subscription of innovative products, etc)
•
Revise the Law of the PRC on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and
Technological Achievements (technological transfer system of universities and
research institutes, IPR application and promotion, share and option incentive,
income distribution, public service, etc)
•
Enhance integration of S&T and finance (Sci-tech credit, financial leasing,
venture capital investment, Sci-tech insurance, special support to SME and
micro businesses)
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Thank you!