Transcript PPT - ITU

A Comprehensive Framework for
Developing ICT for Development
(ICT4D) Indicators
Professor Clement K. Dzidonu
Senior Research Fellow
International Institute for Information Technology (INIIT)
www.iniit.com
Presented at the Joint ITU/ECA Regional Workshop on ICT Indicators
26-29 October 2004, Gaborone, Botswana
The Basic Starting Premise
• Developing Indicators NOT for its Own Sake -------Not
about…’Indicators for Indicators Sake’,,,but rather about
developing and using Indicators as a MEANS to achieve
or accomplish something else (process, action, decision
making,)…. Indicators are NOT an END in itself.
• The ‘Indicators Business’ is therefore more about
identifying, developing and using suitable/appropriate
Indicators…to shed some lights on a phenomena, guide a
particular process, monitor and assess an impact of an
action or decision/policy process and provide guidance on
how to proceed the next time round on an informed
footing.
Starting Points: Examining the Digital Divide Question
• Is the Digital Divide = A Divide Between Technological Haves and
‘Have-Nots’ = [The Digital Numbers Divide (DND)]…?
– The Measure of the Divide (the Gap)
• Computer Penetration and Diffusion
• Teledensity
• The Level of Internet Deployment and Spread
• The ICT Landscape
– The Point of Reference of the Divide
• North-South Divide
• Within Country Divide
• Rural vrs Urban Divide
• The Gender Divide
• Rather: Is The Digital Divide = Developmental Divide =
[The Developmental Digital Divide (DDD)]…?
The Digital Divide: Scoping the ‘Which
Indicators’ Question
• The concept of the ‘digital divide’ and its implications is often
defined in terms of the degree of access to ICTs in general and in
particular to the Internet and its related emerging advanced
communication technologies.
• Statistics like: the number of Internet hosts and subscribers, the
level of PC penetration among others are often used as a rough
indicator of a measure of the digital divide between two countries.
•
----- Based on these estimates, most developing countries
including African countries are generally regarded as having
comparatively less or inadequate access to these technologies.
• The Contention is that: The problem of the digital divide is NOT a
technological one; --- it is not merely an issue of a divide between
‘technological-haves’ and the ‘technological-have-nots’.
------ The threat posed by the digital divide to African countries is
more of an economic development problem than a mere
technological one.
• The digital divide and its implications has more to do
with the inability of a number of countries including those
in Africa to deploy, harness and exploit the
developmental opportunities of the emerging digital
information and technological revolution to advance the
process of their socio-economic development.
• The deployment, exploitation and the development of
ICTs to support the process of transforming the
predominately agricultural economies of African
countries and move them towards information and
knowledge economies is the central issue ----
• To answer the ‘which indicators’ question… we
therefore need to go beyond looking at the implications of
the digital divide purely in terms of access to and the use
of ICT resources and services to examine its wider
implications in socio-economic development terms.
The Argument is that:
• African countries and other developing countries will
eventually narrow the ‘digital numbers divide’ (DND) as
the technology advance and becomes more portable and
affordable
• But narrowing the ‘digital numbers divide’ will not necessary
translate into narrowing (or for that matter bridging the
‘developmental digital divide’ (DDD)
• African countries will require more efforts to bridge or
narrow the DDD than will be required to address the DND…
• Putting in place and implementing relevant policies (NICI
policies, strategies and plans) with a view to bridge the DDD
and developing suitable indicators to guide this process will
be one such effort.
Linkages Between Indicators and the ICT4D Process
The
FRAMEWORK THE BASE/CASE
Phase 1
indicators
The
POLICY
guide policy formulation
THE WHAT..?
The
PLAN
Phase 2
indicators
guide the development
and target setting
Phase 3
THE HOW..?
IMPLEMENTATION
indicators
monitor, assess, measure
progress and ‘impact’
The ‘Dual’ Focus
ICT Industry
ICT Sector
Development
ICT Service
sector
ICT infrastructure
strategic
focus
infrastructure
development
R&D
ICT as ‘Enabler’ of
Broad-base
Development
agric
sector
service
sector
industrial
sector
social
sector
public
sector
private
sector
Acknowledging that….
ICT
ICT
Development
Deployment +
Exploitation
Development
Deployment +
Exploitation
?
ICTs alone
Cannot
Deliver
+
Critical Success
Factors &
Conditions (CSFC)
ICT4AD
The Basic Question being Addressed …..
• How to address the developmental challenges of African countries and
accelerate their socio-economic development process through the
development, deployment and exploitation of ICTs
• It is not just about ICTs…is more about facilitating the development
process to transform the socio-economic outcomes of households,
businesses and impact on government operations. The Indicators
question need to be addressed within this wider context.
Defining the ICT Space
The ICTs cut across a variety of technologies including:
• Computer and Comms devices, equipment and technologies
• Telecommunications technologies and infrastructure (fixed
line, wireless, satellite-based and mobile infrastructure)
• Communications and network technologies and infrastructure
for voice, data and video
• Broadcasting networks including radio and TV networks
• The Internet --- incorporating elements of computers, telecom
and communications technologies to form an integrated
multimedia infrastructure with a global reach
• Production technologies including those used in CIM and
production systems and operations
• Computer-based technologies for supporting specific
operations & activities in agriculture, industry and commerce
• Educational computer-mediated delivery technologies for
supporting teaching, learning and training
• Computer-based technologies used for supporting health
delivery operations and systems, including those used in
computer-aided surgery, and ICUs,
• Robotics technologies used in a variety of industrial
processes, and manufacturing operations
• Microchip technologies used in ranges of consumer products,
like: watches, cars, fridges, TVs, radios washing machines etc
• Information processing technologies used for processing
simple documents to processing and transmitting information
to and from space crafts
The ICT Indicators Space
HRD
service
sector
public
sector
ICT
Infrastructure
agriculture
sector
ICT4D
Indicators
industrial
sector
Government
Impact
indicators
Households
Businesses
social
sector
R&D
The ‘CUT’ Model for ICT2D Indicators
TRANSFORMATION
‘impact’
intensity
indicators
USAGE
indicators
CAPACITY
indicators
time
usage
The ‘CUT’ Ripples Loop
time
transformation
BASIS
GOAL
[FOR POLICY]
[TO DEV. IKE]
Baseline Indicators
To Effect Outcomes
Of Households
Business, Govt
To Guide IKE Dev
Policy & Plan
MEANS
[POLICY/PLAN]
To Achieve Goal
Core Indicators
Specific Indicators
ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN
BL INDICATORS AS MEASURE OF
PROGRESS/LofP TOWARDS IKE
ASSESSMENT OF
PROGRESS TOWARDS
GOAL – DEV OF IKE
[Indicators: Monitoring and
Measuring Impact (‘effect’) of
MEANS on GOAL]
Core Indicators
Specific Indicators
ASSESSMENT OF
IMPACT OF GOAL
(DEV OF IKE) ON
HOUSEHOLDS
BUSINESS & GOVT.
[Indicators: Monitoring &
Measuring the impact of IKE
Dev on H’holds, B’ness, Govt]
Core Indicators
Specific Indicators
DEFINING THE IKE GOAL SPACE
• A high income economy dominated by trading in ICT products and services
• An economy characterized by a large commercial services sector with a reasonably
large and vibrant ICT services sector and industry
• An economy characterized by a technology-based knowledge-driven industrial sector
• An economy with a globally competitive industrial and services sector which are to a
large extent driven by cutting-edge R&D encompassing basic and applied industrial
and product development.
• An economy based on a rich pool of highly skilled human resources in critical skill
areas relevant for developing and maintaining a competitive edge on the global market
DEFINING THE IKE GOAL SPACE
cont.
• An economy in which the majority of the working population are either directly or
indirectly involved in information and communications related activities
• An economy with a modern, efficient and competitive agricultural sector
• An economy characterized by a wide-spread deployment and exploitation of ICTs
within the society to support the delivery of health, education, government and social
services
• An economy characterized by a modern educational system within which ICTs are
widely deployed to facilitate the delivery of educational services at all levels of the
educational system
• An economy in which a reasonable large proportion of the population have access to
information and communications technology products and services
DEFINING THE IKE GOAL SPACE
cont.
• An economy in which the provision and delivery of goods and services of the key
sectors of the economy are to a large extent facilitated by information and
communications technologies
• An economy in which the provision and delivery of services by government and its
administrative machinery are to a large extent facilitated by information and
communications technologies
• An economy based on an advanced and reliable national information and
communications infrastructure
• An economy based on an advanced and reliable national information and
communications infrastructure
• An economy based on a literate society with a high proportion of computer literates
POLICY/PLAN
PILLARS
National Security and Law and Order
Legal, Regulatory, and Institutional
Competitive Valuea Globally
Developing
& Environment
Framework
Added Services Sector
Promoting Foreign and Local Direct
Investment Drive in ICTs
Promoting ICT Deployment and Social
Sectors: Education, Health, and
Community
Promoting Research & Development (R&D)
Promoting the Development of ECommerce
Developing Key Sectors of the Economy;
Agriculture, Services and Industry
Government Administration and Service
Delivery - Promoting E-Government
Promoting Universal Access and Service
Human Resource Development
ICT and Enabling Physical Infrastructure
Development
Defining the Policy Space
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
ICT Infrastructure Development
Indicators on the level of deployment and the geographical spread of ICT infrastructure:
• Telecommunication infrastructure (fixed line, mobile, satellite, national backbone
infrastructure); communications and computer networks infrastructure;
• Internet Infrastructure and International and Local Bandwidth,
• Broadcasting infrastructure (radio and TV);
• Transport infrastructure, Power infrastructure
Example Baseline Indicators
•
•
•
•
•
• Mobile Subscriber as % total Tel Subscribers
Main tel lines per 100 inhabitants (urban vrs. rural)
• Long-Haul Internet Bandwidth
Mobile Subscribers per 100 inhabitants (urban vrs. rural) • No. of Internet Hosts
No. of Internet Subscribers per 100 inhats (urban vrs. rural)• Radios per 1000 inhabitants
No. of PCs per 100 inhabitants (urban vrs. rural)
• TVs per 1000 inhabitants
Mobile Subscriber as % total Tel Subscribers
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Human Resource Development
Indicators on ICT Human Resource Capacity; Human Resource Capacity in key Skill Areas;
Human Resource Capacity in Key Sectors of the Economy: Agriculture, Services and Industry
.
Indicators on the Human Resource Development Capacity of the Universities, Colleges and
Other HRD Institutions and Establishments; Research and R&D Human Resource Capacity.
Indicators on the supply and demand of human resources in key technical, managerial and
professional skill areas across all sectors
Example Baseline Indicators
• Total Supply and Demand of ICT Skills: (Programmers/ Software/System Developers/Analysts,
Computer Scientists, Telecomm/ Network Engineers/Technicians etc)
• Level of Employment in the ICT industry (in absolute terms and % of total workforce (and gender
distribution in terms of ICT Skills/Employment)
• Salary of ICT professionals by type of ICT Skill/ Employment
• Number of universities and colleges offering ICT programs
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Promoting Universal Access and Service
Indicators on the spread of ICTs (computers, telecom network and services, Internet) within the
society and community;
Indicators on the penetration of ICT services and resources within the community and society;
Indicators on the level and degree of exploitation of ICTs with the economy and society
Indicators on the degree and level of deployment of ICT infrastructure and services in rural
communities
Example Baseline Indicators
• No. per 1000 inhabitants (within 5 km/walking distance) proximity to an Tel. Access Facility (IAF)
• No. per 1000 inhabitants (within 5 km/walking distance) proximity to an Internet Access Facility (IAF)
• Number of telecenters/comms centers per 1000 inhabitants
• Number of Public Phones per 1000 inhabitants (rural vrs. urban)
• Tel./Internet Access Charges [Tel/Internet Connection Charge, Monthly Tel/Internet Subscription rate, Fixed
Line/Mobile Tel Tariffs: 3 minutes Local Call, Fixed Line/Mobile Tel Tarriffs: Subscription as % GDP per capita]
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Government Administration and Service Delivery – EGovernment
Indicators on the degree and level of: the deployment and exploitation of ICTs as
well as the deployment and implementation of e-government systems and
initiatives within Government Ministries, Department, and Public Agencies and
Establishments.
Example Baseline Indicators
• No. and Percent of Govt. MDAs with Internet Connection
• No and Percent of Govt. MDAs with corporate networks
• No. and Percent of Govt. MDAs with Web Sites
• Percent of Govt MDA that implement E-Gov Systems (e.g. Back office systems etc)
• Percent of Govt MDA providing services online
• Percent of ICT personnel (per total staff) in Govt MDAs
• Percent Expenditure on ICTs (per total expenditure) in Govt MDAs
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Promoting the Development of Electronic Commerce
Indicators on the degree and level of the deployment and exploitation of ICTs within private sector
organizations in the services, and industrial sector
Indicators on the diffusion of ICTs and the Internet within the services, and industrial sector.
Indicators on the extent of the development and production of ICT products (software development,
computer and communication devices) and the provision of ICT services (telecom services, Internet services,
web and content dev. services, ICT equipment maintenance and repair services etc) within the economy
Indicators on the degree and the extent of the provision of e-commerce facilitation services (banking
services, merchant services, fulfillment house services, etc)
Example Baseline Indicators
• Percent of Establishment placing orders over the Internet: Agric Sector
• Percent of Business placing orders over the Internet: Service Sector
• Percent of Firms placing orders over the Internet: Industrial Sector
Indicators Cont…..
• Percent of Establishment receiving orders over the Internet: Agric Sector
• Percent of Business receiving orders over the Internet: Service Sector
• Percent of Firms receiving orders over the Internet: Industrial Sector
• Percentage of local Banks proving online banking services
• Percentage of population with credit cards
• Software Exports as percentage of total non-traditional exports
• Percent of locally sold ICT goods and services produced locally
• Indicator to gauge the e-commerce legislative enabling environment
• Country Global competitiveness index
• Business Facilitation Index
• Digital Divide Index
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Developing Key Sectors of the Economy: Agric, Services & Industry
Indicators on the level of deployment and the degree of exploitation and utilization of ICTs within the key
sectors of the economy: services, industry and agricultural sectors
Indicators on the spread of ICTs within the key sectors of the economy: services, industry and agric sectors
Indicators on the demand and supply of ICT-skills within the key sectors: services, industry & agric sectors
Indicators on the level of ICT-related investment in key sectors of the economy: services, industry and
agricultural sectors
Indicators on the growth rate, productivity levels of each of the key sectors of the economy
• Avrg size (no. of emplys) of ICT firms
Example Baseline Indicators
• Percent of ICT Personal (per Total staff):
•Indicator to measure ICT contribution GDP/GNI Growth
Agric Sector
•Indicator to measure ICT contribution Agriculture Value Added • Percent of ICT Personal ( per Total staff):
•Indicator to measure ICT contribution Services Value Added
Service Sector
•Indicator to measure ICT contribution Industrial Value Added
• Percent of ICT Personal ( per Total staff):
•Indicator to measure the contribution to Export Earnings
Industrial Sector
•ICT FDI (as percent of total FDI inflow)
Indicators Cont…..
• Percent of Staff/Workers that use PCs: Agric Sector
• Percent of Staff/Workers that use PCs: Service Sector
• Percent of Staff/Workers that use PCs: Industrial Sector
• Percent of Establishments with Corporate Network: Agric Sector
• Percent of Business with Corporate Network: Service Sector
• Percent of Firms with Corporate Network: Industrial Sector
• Percent of Staff/Workers that use Internet: Agric Sector
• Percent of Staff/Workers that use Internet: Service Sector
• Percent of Staff/Workers that use Internet: Industrial Sector
•Percent of Establishments with Web Site: Agric Sector
•Percent of Business with Web Site that use PCs: Service Sector
•Percent of Firms with Web site: Industrial Sector
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Promoting ICTs Deployment in Social Sectors: Education,
Health, and Community
Indicators of the level of diffusion and level of utilization of ICTs (computers, Internet etc) within the
educational, health sectors and in the community
Indicators to measure the degree of the deployment, penetration and the exploitation of ICTs in schools
Indicators on community access to ICT services (rural vrs urban)
Access and connectivity indicators on telecom and communication services: telephone and Internet services
Indicators on gender-related ICT access and usage statistics
Indicators on the level of ICT expenditure and investment in the educational and health sectors
Example Baseline Indicators
• Percent of schools with PCs (urban vrs rural)
• Percent of schools with tel (fixed/mobile) (urban vrs rural)
• Percent of school with Internet connectivity (urban vrs rural)
• Percent of schools with electricity (urban vrs. rural)
• Percent of schools with Web Sites
(urban vrs rural)
• Percent of schools implementing
schoolnet (urban vrs rural)
Indicators Cont…..
• Average computer to pupil ratio (urban vrs rural)
• Percent ICT expenditure as per total school budget (urban vrs rural)
• No. of ICT literate Teachers per school (urban vrs. rural)
• ICT literate Teachers as percent of total no. of Teachers per school (urban vrs. rural)
• Percent
of hospitals/health centers with PCs (urban vrs rural)
• Percent of hospitals/health centers with Internet connectivity (urban vrs rural)
• Percent of hospitals/health centers with Web Sites (urban vrs rural)
• Percent of schools implementing telemedicine (urban vrs rural)
• Average computer to doctor/medical personnel ratio (urban vrs rural)
The ‘BASIS’: Baseline Indicators
to Guide Policy/Plan Dev.
Promoting Research and Development
Indicators to measure to research and R&D human resource base
Indicators to measure national expenditure and investment in research and R&D
Indicators on the volume and value of research and R&D output
Indicators on ICT product and services development related research and R&D work
Example Baseline Indicators
• Expenditure on R&D as percent of GDP
• Number of Scientists and Engineers per 1000 inhabitants
• High tech Exports as percent of Total Exports
• Industry R&D Expenditure as percent of total company budgetary expenditure
• Number of industrial patent per 1000 inhabitants
• Number of Research Degree Recipient per annum
The ICT4D Indicators Framework
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Dev, of IKE
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Human Resource Development
Government Admin & Service
A high income economy Delivery – E-Government
dominated by trading in
ICT products and services
Promoting E-Commerce and
the Dev of the Private Sector
Indicators to monitor and measure
economic growth, productivity
(agric, industrial, services), GDP
and GNI attributable to ICT4D
initiatives
Developing Key Sectors of the
Economy: Agric, Services and
the ICT Industry
Cont…
The ICT4D Indicators Framework
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
An
economy
characterized by a large
commercial
services
sector with a reasonably
large and vibrant ICT
services
sector
and
industry
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Promoting E-Commerce and
the Dev of the Private Sector
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Dev, of IKE
Indicators to measure the
contribution of the ICT
production and services sector
to economic growth, GDP and
GNI
Developing Key Sectors of
Indicators to monitor and
the Economy: Agric, Services measure the size of the
and the ICT Industry
commercial services sub-sector
activities
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
An economy characterized Promoting E-Commerce and
by a technology-based the Dev of the Private Sector
knowledge-driven industrial
Developing Key Sectors of
the Economy: Agric, Services
and the ICT Industry
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of
IKE
Indicators to monitor and assess the
knowledge-based activities of the
industrial sector
Indicators to monitor, assesses and
measure the contribution of
knowledge-based industrial subsector activities to economic
growth, GDP and GNI
Promoting R&D
ICT and Enabling Physical
An economy with a Infrastructure Development
globally
competitive
industrial and services Human Resource Dev
sector which are to a large
extent driven by cutting- Promoting E-Commerce and
edge R&D encompassing the Dev of the Private Sector
basic and applied industrial
Promoting R&D
and product development.
Indicators
expenditure
population
to
assess
R&D
per
million
of
Indicators to assess the impact of
R&D on productivity in the
industrial and services sector
Indicators to measure the size of
high-tech exports attributable to
R&D
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of
IKE
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Human Resource Development
An economy in which the
majority of the working
population are either directly
or indirectly involved in
information
and
communications
related
activities
Indicators [Indexes] to measure
Promoting Universal Access
the proportion of the working
and Service
population
involved
in
information and communication
Government Administration and related activities of the economy
Service Delivery – EGovernment
Indicators to measure the gender
composition of
the working
Promoting E-Commerce and
population
involved
in
the Dev of the Private Sector
information and communication
related activities of the economy
Developing Key Sectors of the
Economy: Agric, Services and
the ICT Industry
Promoting ICTs Deployment in
Social Sectors: Education,
Health & Community
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
An economy with a modern, Human Resource
efficient and competitive Development
agricultural sector
Developing Key Sectors of
the Economy: Agric, Services
and the ICT Industry
Promoting R&D
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of
IKE
Indicators to measure the extent
of mechanization of agricultural
production activities
Indicators to measure the extent
of
commercialization
of
agricultural activities
Indicators
to
measure
expenditure and investment on
agricultural research and R&D
Indicators on the degree of
deployment and exploitation of
ICTs to support agricultural
activities
(production,
processing, distribution and
marketing)
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Human Resource
Development
An economy characterized Promoting Universal Access
by
a
wide-spread and Service
deployment and exploitation
of ICTs within the society to Government Administration
support the delivery of and Service Delivery – Ehealth,
education, Government
government
and
social
services
Promoting ICTs Deployment
in Social Sectors: Education,
Health & Community
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of IKE
Indicators to measure the extent
of the deployment and the
spread of ICTs within the
community
Indicators to monitor and
measure
the
degree
of
deployment, and exploitation of
ICTs within the Educational,
and
Health
sector
and
institutions
Indicators to monitor and
measure the degree of adoption
of ICTs to support operations
and
activities
within
government and public sector
institutions
Indicators to monitor and
measure the degree of diffusion
of ICTs within education, health
and govt. institutions
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
An economy characterized
by a modern educational
system within which ICTs
are widely deployed to
facilitate the delivery of
educational services at all
levels of the educational
system
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Human Resource Development
Promoting ICTs Deployment
in Social Sectors: Education,
Health & Community
Promoting R&D
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of IKE
Indicators to measure the ICT
adoption rate within the
educational system
Indicators to measure the degree
of modernization within the
educational system [Educational
system modernization
coefficients/indexes]
Legal, Regulatory & Institutional
Framework and Environment
ICT and Enabling Physical
An economy in which a Infrastructure Development
reasonable
large
proportion
of
the Promoting Universal Access and
population have access to Service
information
and
communications
Promoting E-Commerce and the
technology products and Dev of the Private Sector
services
Indicators to measure the
contribution of ICT products and
services sector to GDP, GNI
Indicators to monitor and
measure household expenditure
on ICT products and services
Indicators to capture changes in
consumption
patterns
of
households
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Promoting Universal Access and
An economy in which Service
the
provision
and
delivery of goods and Promoting E-Commerce and the
services of the key Dev of the Private Sector
sectors of the economy
are to a large extent Developing Key Sectors of the
facilitated
by Economy: Agric, Services and the
information
and ICT Industry
communications
technologies
Promoting ICTs Deployment in
Social Sectors: Education, Health
& Community
Legal, Regulatory & Institutional
Framework and Environment
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of IKE
Indicators to measure the
degree of the deployment of
ICT infrastructure within the
country
Indicators to measure the level
of Internet connectivity and
usage within specific relevant
sectors of the economy
Indicators to assess the degree
to which organizations and
establishments within key
sectors of the economy makes
use of ICTs to facilitate the
provision of services
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
ICT and Enabling Physical
Infrastructure Development
Human Resource
An economy based on an Development
advanced
and
reliable Promoting Universal Access
national information and and Service
communications
infrastructure
Legal, Regulatory &
Institutional Framework and
Environment
Indicative Broad Indicators for
Measuring the Development of
IKE
Indicators monitor and measure
the level and the spread of ICT
infrastructure
Indicators to measure the spread
and
density
of
various
information and communication
technologies within the society
and communities
Indicators to measure the extent
of
the
deployment
of
communications and network
systems and technologies within
organizations and indicator
Indicators to measure the
diffusion
rate
of
ICT
infrastructure within key sectors
of the economy
Cont…
IKE Feature/Sub-Goal
‘GOAL’
Relevant Policy Pillars
‘MEANS’
Human Resource
An economy based on a Development
rich pool of highly skilled
human resources in critical
skill areas relevant for Promoting ICTs
developing
and Deployment in Social
maintaining a competitive Sectors: Education, Health
edge on the global market & Community
Indicative Broad Indicators for Measuring
the Development of IKE
Human resource development indicators
Indicators to measure the quality of
human resources
Indicators to assess the critical nature of
various skills to the IKE
Promoting R&D
Indicators to assess the critical mass
requirement of various IKE skills
Human Resource
Development
Indicators to measure the ICT literacy
within the society
Promoting Universal
An economy based on a Access and Service
literate society with a high
proportion of computer Promoting ICTs
literates
Deployment in Social
Sectors: Education, Health
& Community
Promoting R&D
Indicators to measure the level and the
spread computer awareness within the
country
Indicators to measure the degree of
adoption computer education and training
within the educational system
Indicators on computer-related skills and
professional within the workforce
Cont…
Assessing the Measuring Targeted Impact
of the IKE: Impact on Households
Economic Outcomes
Indicators
• Household Income Levels
• Employment Levels
• Gross National Income Levels
Education Impact
Indicators
HOUSEHOLDS
Social Outcomes
Indicators
Health Impact
Indicators
Social Services Impact
Indicators
ICT Access & Usage
Outcomes Indicators
• Household ICT Access Levels
• Households ICT Ownership
• Household Level ICT Penetration
• Households ICT Usage Levels
Assessing the Measuring Targeted Impact
of the IKE: Impact on Businesses
Economic Outcomes
Indicators
BUSINESSES
ICT Access & Usage
Outcomes Indicators
• Productivity Levels
• Global Competitiveness Levels
• Gross National Income Levels
• FDI and Local Investment Level
• Profitability Levels
• Business ICT Access Levels
• Business ICT Ownership Levels
• Business Level of ICT Penetration
• Business ICT Deployment Levels
• Business ICT Production Levels
• Business ICT Usage Levels
Assessing the Measuring Targeted Impact
of the IKE: Impact on Government
Performance Outcomes
Indicators
GOVERNMENT
• Productivity Levels
• Operational Efficiency Levels
• Service Delivery Improvement Levels
• Reduction in Corruption Level
• Reduction in Inefficiency Levels
• Level of Computerization
• E-Gov Service Delivery Performance Index/Rating
ICT Access & Usage
Outcomes Indicators
• Govt. MDA ICT Access Levels
• Govt. MDA ICT Ownership Levels
• Govt. MDA Level of ICT Penetration
• Govt. MDA ICT Deployment Levels
• Govt. MDA ICT Production Levels
• Govt. MDA ICT Usage Levels
Concluding on the ‘Which Indicator’ Question
• The position therefore is that the ‘which indicators’ question
will need to be addressed holistically (taking the broad picture
perspective) in terms of: which indicators to develop to:
• guide the ICT4D policy formulation and implementation
process [Type 1 ICT4D Indicators]
• monitor, assess and measure the impact of the policy
implementation process to establish the extent which the
GOAL to move to an IKE (developing the information
society) is being achieved [Type 2 ICT4D Indicators]
• monitor, assess and measure the impact of the policy
implementation process on households, businesses and
government processes and service delivery [Type 1 ICT4D
Indicators]
Concluding on the Question of Methodology/Approach
For each of the specific indicators need to decide on the:
• purpose/type of the indicator [Type 1, Type2, Type 3]:
• relevant information to be collected/gathered;
• possible sources of the relevant information to be gathered;
• methods to be used for obtaining or gathering the required
information;
• relevant types of questionnaire to be used in cases where a postal
survey or a face-to-face interview is required and
• format in which the information gathered as per each indicator is to
be presented or summarized.
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