Transcript Cold War Unfolds-Wk 3 st. ed.

History of the Modern World
The Cold War
Mrs. McArthur
Walsingham Academy
Room 111
Potsdam Conference (July, 1945)
Context: The war in Asia was still going on (Stalin reiterated his promise to enter the war agst. Japan 90 days
after end of war in Europe.) The news that the bomb was viable changed this equation.
Agreements reiterated
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UN is still to go forward with US & USSR as charter members
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War Crimes trials to be conducted despite lack of a body of international law. Efforts to invoke KelloggBriand pact.
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Treaties were to be reached with Axis powers: Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Finland.
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Germany and Austria were to be divided into 4 zones of occupation.
Realities
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Red Army in occupation of Eastern Europe.
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Of the original 3 leaders, only Stalin remained - Churchill and Roosevelt not part with inexperienced new
leaders present. Stalin feels confident.
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The bomb and its implications unclear.
The Cold War
Section 1: The Cold War Unfolds, pp. 966-974
Witness History Audio: An Iron Curtain
Who controls the states of Central and Eastern Europe?
Churchill’s Iron CurtainSpeech: Westminster College (4/4/46)
Two Sides Face Off in Europe
NATO and the Warsaw Pact were divided by the Iron Curtain. In Berlin, floods of people were
leaving East Berlin for the more prosperous West Berlin, so a wall was built to keep the East
Germans in. Many Eastern European countries revolted against Soviet authority.
Witness History Audio: Closing the Gate
Note Taking Transparency 176
Section 1: The Cold War Unfolds
Nuclear Weapons Threaten the World
The United States and the Soviet Union each developed nuclear weapons to maintain a “balance
of terror.” Both countries also participated in Strategic Arms Limitation Talks to keep the number of
nuclear weapons down, as well as the number of anti-ballistic missiles. These agreements led to
a détente in the 1970s.
Tick-tock, tick-tock
Herb Block's "Mr. Atom"
personification of "the bomb" in many
cartoons has reminded readers of the
threat of nuclear annihilation.
Section 1: The Cold War Unfolds
The Cold War Goes Global
The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. formed more alliances in order to protect their interests around the world.
They confronted each other indirectly by taking sides in local conflicts—providing weapons, training,
and other aid to opposing forces. Cuba was home to the major Cold War conflict in the Western
Hemisphere, with a communist government retaining control.
The Soviet Union in the Cold War
The Soviets wanted to spread their ideology and command economy to other countries. Of Stalin’s
successors, all maintained Communist party control, but Khrushchev closed the prison camps that
had held political enemies and he also eased censorship. Under Leonid Brezhnev, government
critics again faced arrest.
Color Transparency 181: Europe During the Cold War
Color Transparency 182: No Time to Take a Bow
Lavrenti Beria: Head of MVD (Ministry of State Security)
What happened to Stalin?
1953
Khrushchev
Nikolai Bulganin
Section 1: The Cold War Unfolds
The United States in the Cold War
The American government tried to keep communism from spreading, while individual Americans
tried to protect themselves from nuclear fallout by building shelters and conducting air-raid drills.
The fear of nuclear war led to a fear of all communists, and Senator Joseph McCarthy led a
campaign to root out all American communists and communist sympathizers.
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Color Transparency 181: Europe During the Cold War
Color Transparency 182: No Time to Take a Bow
Progress Monitoring Transparency (1 of 2)
Progress Monitoring Transparency (2 of 2)
Note Taking Transparency 176
The Cold War
Section 2: The Industrialized Democracies, pp. 976-984
Witness History Audio: The Marshall Plan
I. America Prospers and Changes
During the Cold War, the United States played a
central role in helping other nations to rebuild.
America experienced boom times in the 1950s and
1960s. The more affluent Americans moved from
cities to suburbs. Many moved to the Sunbelt. In the
1970s, high oil prices brought on a recession.
Vocabulary: recession, suburbanization
Checkpoint: How was the US economy linked
to the global economy during the Cold War?
Color Transparency 180: European Nations Grant Aid Under the Marshall Plan
Section 2: The Industrialized Democracies
II. Democracy Expands Opportunities
After World War II, many minorities began to demand equal rights. The U.S. Supreme Court struck
down segregation in schools. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., led a civil rights movement that used
boycotts and peaceful marches to make its point. Programs for the poor and disadvantaged grew
under Democratic presidents Kennedy and Johnson and shrank under Republican Reagan.
Vocabulary: segregation, discrimination, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Checkpoint, pp. 980: Over time, how did the US government expand
opportunities for all Americans?
I Have a Dream Speech: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Section 2: The Industrialized Democracies
III. Western Europe Rebuilds
After the decline of Communism, German voters approved the reunification of Germany. All
Germans then benefited from the former West Germany’s booming economy. Britain and other
European colonial powers struggled with rebuilding and gave their colonies independence. Some
countries extended the welfare state and were accused of drifting towards socialism. During the
1980s and 1990s, some countries, such as Britain, elected conservative leaders who had
denounced the welfare state.
Vocabulary: Konrad Adenauer, welfare state, European Community
Primary Source, pp. 980: What challenges would residents of a city face after
such heavy devastation?
Checkpoint, pp. 983: What were some of the advantages and disadvantages of
the welfare state in Europe?
IV. Japan Is Transformed
After World War II, Japan became a parliamentary democracy. Japan quickly built modern factories
and began to export vast quantities of goods. Its GDP climbed. At the same time it imposed tariffs on
imports, which angered Americans who were paying for U.S. troops to defend Japan.
Vocabulary: Gross Domestic Product - GDP
Caption: How would ownership of land benefit farmers?
Checkpoint, pp 984: What factors explain Japan’s economic success in the decades
after WWII?
Color Transparency 183: Japan’s Economic Recovery After World War II
Section Summary: Note Taking Transparency 177
Color Transparency 180: European Nations Grant Aid Under the Marshall Plan
Color Transparency 180: Japan’s Economic Recovery After World War II
Note Taking Transparency 177
I have a Dream
In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check.
When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent
words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence,
they were signing a promissory note to which every American
was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes,
black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the
unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory
note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of
honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro
people a bad check, a check which has come back marked
"insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of
justice is bankrupt.
Explain Martin Luther King’s “check” metaphor.
Progress Monitoring Transparency (1 of 2)
Progress Monitoring Transparency (2 of 2)
In Class Activity
Sections 1-2
1. 1947-48, a watershed in Cold War politics.
2. The Korean War
3. The Berlin Wall
4. Bay of Pigs/Cuban Missile Crisis
5. Propaganda Analysis (The Poster War)
6. Cold War and Civil Rights
7. Expanding Democracy: 2 visions (Democrats and
Republicans)
U. S. Tax Rates 1920-present
Assignment 1
1.
Read text, pp. 966-971, identifying 6 new
terms and answering 3 Checkpoint questions.
2.
Map Skills Activity, pp 969.
3.
Read Infographic, pp 971 and answer Thinking
Critically questions on it.
First Project Due Date: Monday, 4/28. See Project Parameters for Specific
Details (SPA)
Assignment 2
1.
Read text, pp. 972-974, identifying 4 new
terms and answering 2 Checkpoint questions.
2.
Check your knowledge. Take Auto-test
3.
Review appropriate slides for Sec. 1 on Class
Notes for this week.
First Project Due Date: Monday, 4/28. See Project Parameters for Specific
Details (SPA)
Assignment 3
1. Project Proposal-Draft
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3. Generate a hypothesis or an analytical framework into which your
person’s story may be placed.
– What seems to be the most interesting aspect of the story, which also
lends itself to documentation and evidence based on your research?
– How does this aspect fit into our study of history? Are there ironies, a
paradox, and patterns of behavior or attitude? Do you see a larger truth?
•
A 1-page Description is due
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April 28 - Hard copy or email if you are absent.
Assignment 4
1.
Read text, pp. 976-984, identifying 9 new
terms and answering 4 Checkpoint questions.
2.
Check your knowledge. Take Auto-test.
3.
Complete Project Proposal
First Project Due Date: Monday, 4/28. See Project Parameters
for Specific Details (SPA)