Transcript Moving Forward in the Digital Scientific World

Moving forward in the digital scientific world
the importance of scholarly information
in the research process
Presenter: Béky Endre, Elsevier, International Markets, Eastern Europe
2007. May 29.
Dubrovnik, Croatia
Introduction
Introduction
2

Dissemination, by scientific publishers, of high quality scientific output across the
globe is a crucial part of research

In recent years the move from paper to electronic content delivery has drastically
changed researchers time-spending

Researchers are able to spend significantly less time on searching for relevant
content and at the same time have access to a wider range of content

At the same time the increase of usage clearly positively affects the quantity and
quality of scientific output

Comparing macro-economic and demographic data with the uptake of usage and
scientific output enables decision-makers to analyze the productivity and efficiency
of their investments

Elsevier has invested heavily in the increase of productivity and efficiency of
researchers all over the world through the ScienceDirect platform, Scopus and
many other highly specialized products
Elsevier is the leading STM journal publisher in Poland with a 29%
paper market share, 5% higher than the world average market share
Market Share of Articles
published in the World
Market Share of Articles
published in Poland
Elsevier
24%
Elsevier
29%
Others
50%
Others
54%
Springer
8%
American
Chemical
Society
3%
3 Source: Thomson Scientific (ISI)
Wiley
5%
Blackwell
6%
Springer
10%
Taylor &
Francis
Informa
3%
Wiley
4%
Polish
Academy of
Sciences
4%
Introduction
The Impact Factor of Elsevier is the highest of all commercial
publishers, only Society’s are doing better
2005 - Field Weighted Relative Impact in Poland
0
American Physical Society
American Chemical Society
AIP
Elsevier
Blackwell
Wiley
Springer
Taylor & Frances Informa
Polish Academy of Sciences
Polish Society Veterinary
Sciences
4 Source: Thomson Scientific (ISI)
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Introduction
The High Performance Research Engine compares to running a
marathon
Assets/
Laboratories
The training and Physical
fitness of the athlete
A good position
at the start
(Indicated by
demographic data)
High
Performance
Research
Engine
Access to
Content
Resources/
Researchers
The Quality of
your shoes
(Elsevier provides
high quality access)
5
(Research performance
indicators)
R&D and Macroeconomic comparison
R&D and Macroeconomic comparison
The training and physical fitness of the athlete
Paul Tergat
Born: 17-06-1969
Nat.: Kenyan
Smiling after having finished first in the
2003 marathon of Berlin in a new worldrecord of 2 hours 4 minutes and 55 seconds
7
R&D and Macroeconomic comparison
Croatia has a healthy economic growth potential, GDP/Capita is close
to EU-member Poland
Country
Croatia
Population x Mio
Serbia
Poland
Spain
UK
US
4,5
10
39
40
61
298
Population
Growth Rate
-0.04 %
-
-0.05 %
0.13 %
0.28 %
0.91 %
GDP (PPP) x Mio
$ 59,410
$ 44,830
$ 542,600
$ 1,070,000
$ 1,818,000
$ 12,310,000
GDP/Capita
$ 13,200
$ 4,400
$ 14,100
$ 27,000
$ 30,100
$ 41,600
GDP Real
Growth Rate
4.4 %
5.9 %
5.3 %
3.6 %
1.9 %
3.2 %
Inflation Rate
(Consumer
Prices)
3.4 %
15.5 %
1.3 %
3.5 %
2.1 %
3.2 %
8 Source: CIA World Book of Facts 2007
R&D and Macroeconomic comparison
The Eastern European countries are facing a shrinking population, this
trend must be reversed to ensure future economic growth
Country
Czech
Republic
Bulgaria
Population x Mio
Hungary
Romania
Ukraine
7
10
10
22
46
-0.8 %
-0,1 %
-0.25 %
-0.12 %
-0.7 %
GDP (PPP) x Mio
$ 77,140
$ 221,400
$ 172,700
$ 197,300
$ 355,800
GDP/Capita
$ 10,400
$ 21,600
$ 17,300
$ 8,800
$ 7,600
GDP Real
Growth Rate
6.5 %
6.2 %
3.8 %
6.4 %
7.0 %
Inflation Rate
(Consumer
Prices)
6.5 %
2.7 %
6.8%
6.8 %
11.6 %
Population
Growth Rate
9 Source: CIA World Book of Facts 2007
R&D and Macroeconomic comparison
Compared to the UK, Croatia spends 4 times less on R&D/Capita, R&D
spend per researcher is 2x larger than Poland
Source: Unesco, Internetworldstats.com
Country
10
Croatia
Serbia
Poland
Spain
UK
US
Internet
Users x Mio
1,5
1,4
11,4
19,2
37,6
207,2
R&D
Spending x
Mio
$ 654
$ 538
$ 3,256
$ 11,770
$ 34,360
$ 332,370
R&D
Spending as
% of GDP
1.1 %
1.2 %
0.6 %
1.1 %
1.9 %
2.7 %
R&D
Spending per
Capita
$ 145
$ 54
$ 83
$ 294
$ 563
$ 1,115
Researchers
per Mio
Inhabitants
1,296
…
1,581
2,195
2,706
4,605
# of
Researchers
x Thousands
5,832
…
62
88
165
1,372
$ 112,134
…
$ 52,520
$ 134,054
$ 208,240
$ 242,250
R&D Spend
per
Researcher
R&D and Macroeconomic comparison
The Czech Republic has a spend on R&D/Capita comparable to Spain,
However R&D spend per researcher is lagging
Source: Unesco, Internetworldstats.com
Country
11
Czech
Republic
Bulgaria
Hungary
Romania
Ukraine
Internet
Users x Mio
2,2
5,1
3,0
4,9
5,3
R&D
Spending x
Mio
$ 386
$ 2,878
$ 1,554
$ 789
$ 4,270
R&D
Spending as
% of GDP
0.5 %
1.3 %
0.9 %
0.4 %
1.2 %
R&D
Spending per
Capita
$ 55
$ 288
$ 155
$ 36
$ 93
Researchers
per Mio
Inhabitants
1,263
1,594
1,472
976
…
# of
Researchers
x Thousands
8,841
15,940
15
21
…
$ 43,660
$ 18,056
$ 103,600
$ 37,570
…
R&D Spend
per
Researcher
The per capita R&D spend is significantly below the UK figures
2006 – GDP/Capita
30000
$
2.3 X
6.8 X
2006 – R&D-spend/Capita
1.1 X
600
$
25000
3.9 X
10.5 X
1.9 X
Croatia
Serbia
Spain
500
400
20000
300
15000
10000
200
5000
100
0
0
Croatia
Serbia
Spain
UK
UK
Croatia, Serbia and Spain can significantly increase their performance in R&D by
increasing their investment per Capita to the UK-GDP/Capita ratio
12
All values are against GDP(PPP)
comparing countries research performance
comparing countries research performance
To win a marathon a good position at the start is crucial
Croatia
Poland
Spain
14
US
UK
comparing countries research performance
International University rankings show a wide gap to the UK/US
2005
2006
0
# of Universities in the
Times top 200
Republic
1
0
# of Universities in the
Shanghai Jiao Tong
University top 500
0
CzechCzech
republic
Czech
0
Hungary Hungary
Hungary
2
0
2
0
Poland
Poland
Poland
3
1
2
1
Spain Spain
Spain
9
Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria,
Romania and Ukraine have no
listings in these rankings
1
9
29
24
UK
40
UK
UK
43
54
US
55
US US
168
200
15
167
150
100
50
0
0
50
100
150
200
Times top 200 and Shanghai top 500 ranking criteria
Times top 200
weight
16
measurement
Shanghai top 500
weight
Measurement
40%
Peer review by asking academics to
name 30 top institutes in their field of
interest
10%
# of alumni wining Nobel Prizes and Field
Medals
10%
Opinion of international graduate
recruiters
20%
# of staff wining Nobel Prizes and Field
Medals
20%
Staff-to-student ratio
20%
# of highly cited researchers in 21 broad
subject fields
20%
# citations (from ISI) divided by # of staff
20%
# of articles published in Nature and
Science
5%
% of overseas staff
20%
# of articles in Science Citation Indexexpanded and Social Science Citation
Index
5%
% of overseas students
10%
The total scores of the above five
indicators divided by the # of staff
comparing countries research performance
Croatia produces only 0.19 % of articles indexed on Scopus, UK and
US shares are stabilizing or slightly declining
Average share of articles published worldwide
30.0%
'96-'02
'03-'05
26.1%
24.9%
25.0%
•
Poland and Spain are
decreasing the gap to
the UK with regards to
the # of articles
published worldwide
•
Croatia has a very
small share of worldarticles.
•
The UK and US
contribute 32.3% of
world articles but
represent only 5.5% of
the world population
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
7.6% 7.4%
5.0%
2.3% 2.6%
0.15% 0.19%
1.1% 1.3%
0.0%
17
Croatia
Poland
Spain
UK
US
comparing countries research performance
After Spain’s entrance in the European Union (’86) it gained in
output/mln inhabitants over Hungary; access to content is key
Average yearly article-output per Mio inhabitants
Hungary
Spain
UK
Average # of papers published per Mio inhabitants / year
1,800
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
'76-'80
18
'81-'85
'86-'90
'91-'95
'96-'00
'01-'05
comparing countries research performance
The quality of your shoes
19
Source: www.basf.com
comparing countries research performance
To win in R&D, Elsevier provides the best equipment
20
comparing countries research performance
In 2006 Elsevier delivered 80% of all Full-text Electronic articles In
Poland
2006 Market share in Electronic full text article
downloads
ACS
8%
SpringerLink
12%
Through the Science
Direct platform,
Elsevier delivered
over 3 million Full
Text Articles to Polish
scientists
ScienceDirect
80%
21
Source: http://vls.icm.edu.pl/statystyki/index.html , statistics site for the Polish National Consortium
comparing countries research performance
In Hungary the usage of SD has even turned a declining article-output
of -1% around into a growth of 11% per year
Hungary Articles Published
Spain Articles Published
Hungary SD Usage
Spain SD Usage
1000
160000
Average growth per year (%)
900
140000
# articles published / Mio inhabitants
120000
700
4%
100000
600
11 %
-1 %
500
80000
400
60000
300
40000
200
20000
100
0
0
1996
22
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
FTA downloads / Mio Inhabitants
12 %
800
comparing countries research performance
Because Romania lags behind with SD usage, a flat article growth of
7% per year will result in an increasing gap to Hungary and Poland
700
Hungary Articles Published
Romania Articles Published
Poland Articles Published
Hungary SD Usage
Romania SD Usage
Poland SD Usage
120000
Average growth per year (%)
11 %
500
100000
-1 %
*
13 %
400
4%
60000
300
40000
200
7%
20000
100
0
0
1996
23
80000
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
*In 2003 Poland changed from SDOL to SDOS. The change left some of the
Polish institutes without access for several months influencing the total usage
2005
FTA downloads / Mio Inhabitants
# articles published / Mio inhabitants
600
comparing countries research performance
Croatia is benefiting from an early adoption of SD and has boosted
it’s article output to 17% growth per year
Croatia Articles Published
Poland Articles Published
Croatia SD Usage
Poland SD Usage
800
120000
Average growth per year (%)
700
# articles published / Mio inhabitants
600
500
*
13 %
80000
4%
400
60000
4%
300
40000
200
20000
100
0
0
1996
24
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
*In 2003 Poland changed from SDOL to SDOS. The change left some of the
Polish institutes without access for several months influencing the total usage
2005
FTA downloads / Mio Inhabitants
100000
17 %
comparing countries research performance
Summary of challenges of Croatia









25
Croatia is benefiting from an early adoption of ScienceDirect and has
boosted it’s article output to 17% growth per year 
Croatia has a healthy economic growth potential, GDP/Capita is close to
EU-member Poland 
Bologna process: eBooks are very important now and widely available
Compared to the UK, Croatia spends 4 times less on R&D/Capita, R&D
spend per researcher is 2x larger than Poland
The per capita R&D spend is significantly below the UK figures
Create more awareness at Governmental bodies to realise higher R&D
spending
Identify key “niche” research areas where Croatian scientists and
researchers can compete globally
Avoid too much fragmentation of research resources; reach critical mass
in “niche” research areas
Need to address “brain drain” problem
Thank you for your attention!
Questions?
[email protected]