Transcript National Fingerprint File

Centralized vs. Decentralized –
Revisiting the Concept for the
National Fingerprint File
SEARCH Membership Meeting
Washington, DC
July 2005
Why Now?
Events leading to the re-examination of
the NFF concept
– Goal of 100% of Texas Offenders Indexed
in III
– Changes at the FBI
– Proposed policy change in submission to
the FBI
– Examination of NFF statutory requirements
Texas Submissions To FBI
Pre – 1998
DPS
The
Goal
The
Exception
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FBI
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DPS
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FBI
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Poor Quality
DPS
The
Reality
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Result – Only 30%
of Texas arrests
submitted to FBI
Texas Submissions To FBI
Post – 1998
Livescan submission go
directly to AFIS
NIST/
EFTS
DPS
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Hardcopy fingerprint cards
are converted to NIST and
forwarded to AFIS
Result –100% of
Texas arrests
submitted to FBI
Filling the Pre – 1998 Gaps
DPS
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DPS
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DPS
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DPS
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DPS
Pre-1998 arrest cards are
scanned in NIST Type 4 format
and indexed by SID and DOA
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DPS
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DPS
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DPS
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Image data and arrest data
are merged together to
produce NIST / EFTS
record
IBM
Texas CCH
Arrest data is extracted into NIST
Type 2 record formatted and
indexed by SID and DOA
Result –100% of Texas
offenders eligible to be
indexed in III
Does That Account For All Texas
Arrest Data?
No
• Non-criterion Offenses
– The FBI has traditionally accepted only
“criterion” offenses.
– Starting in May 2005, the FBI began
retaining non-criteria offenses from some
states.
Non-Criterion Offenses
States Submitting Non-criterion Offenses
Phase 1 (5/20/2005)
Phase 2 (starting 8/1/2005)
Not submitting non-criterion offenses
(25)
(10)
(15)
Does That Account For All Texas
Arrest Data?
No
• Non-criterion Offenses
– The FBI has traditionally accepted only “criterion” offenses.
– Starting in May 2005, the FBI began retaining non-criteria
offenses from some states.
• Arrests for which the original fingerprint card no
longer exists
– In the past, if DPS identified a fingerprint against an existing
record, the subsequent arrest card would be microfilmed and
then destroyed.
– Subsequent re-arrest fingerprint cards were not available for
backfile scanning.
– Texas DPS proposal for submission of arrest data.
Texas DPS proposal for
submission of arrest data
• Texas DPS is drafting an APB proposal to
allow for the submission of arrest data to the
FBI without an accompanying fingerprint
card. The proposal would require that:
– the subject of the arrest submission was
biometrically identified by the state submitting the
arrest
– the record the subject was identified with has been
identified at the FBI and contains an FNU.
DPS Proposal
DPS
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SID – TX12345678
DOA – 01/01/1997
DOA – 01/01/1997
DOA – 02/01/1997
DOA – 03/01/1997
DOA – 04/01/1997
Fingerprint Image
Retained on 1st
Submission
SID – TX12345678
DOA – 01/01/1997
DOA – 01/01/1997
DOA – 02/01/1997
DOA – 03/01/1997
DOA – 04/01/1997
IBM
Texas CCH
FBI – 1235X
SID – TX12345678
DOA – 02/01/1997
DOA – 03/01/1997
DOA – 04/01/1997
$.A Message
containing FBI #
1235X
What Does All This Have To Do
With NFF?
If the APB and FBI endorse this concept for
the enhanced updating of III, that decision
could also serve as a catalyst to re-examine
the current decentralized NFF concept. This
new update concept would support a
centralized NFF concept that produces the
same major benefit of the current
decentralized NFF (enhanced access to
CHRI), while allowing the criminal and noncriminal justices communities to realize the
benefits of a centralized CHRI database.
Advantages of a Centralized
Database
•
•
•
•
•
Faster III returns - FBI will not have to wait on NFF states to
supply records for responses to inquiries.
Greater Non-Criminal Justice Use - Non-CJ users like NICS
will be able to have more information with which to make
adjudication decisions.
Enhanced Homeland Security Use – A centralized file will
allow for data mining that can be used in the war on terrorism.
Enhanced Quality Control – With a central repository, all
fingerprints would be verified twice – once at the state level
and once at the FBI. This double verification process will aid
in lowering the number of miss identifications.
Enhanced Database Quality – IAFIS will have the opportunity
to update the quality of the images it stores through an
assessment of the images received from the states.
Currently, for NFF states, images are only updated based
upon the quality determinations made by a dissimilar state
AFIS system.
NFF Definition
It is important to realize that the current version of NFF is just
that - a version of an implementation of the National
Fingerprint File. USC 42 and 28 CFR define NFF in the
same manner:
"National Fingerprint File" means a database of fingerprints,
or other uniquely personal identifying information, relating to
an arrested or charged individual maintained by the FBI to
provide positive identification of record subjects indexed in
the III System.
Questions
• Can NFF be a hybrid of decentralized
and centralized databases?
• Does a centralized NFF implementation
fulfill Compact Council requirements for
NFF participation?
• Would this allow states to get rid of their
state AFIS?