Transcript MAKERS DECISION MEETING GOOD ADMINISTRATION OF LAND

DECISION MAKERS MEETING
GOOD ADMINISTRATION OF
LAND
FORMALISATION OF CUSTOMARY LAND
TENURE : AN INITIATIVE FOR POVERTY
REDUCTION.
PRESENTED BY MR. ALBERT A. MSANGI
COMMISSIONER FOR LANDS- TANZANIA
Tanzania
Location:
Eastern Africa
Longitude 29 degrees and
41 degrees East.
Latitude 1 degrees and 12
degrees South of Equator.
Climate:
Area:
Population:
Women
Under age of 15:
Tropical
945,000 sq km
35 million
51%
46%
GDP growth
6.9%)
Inflation
Less than 5%
Urban Population 25%
POVERTY REDUCTION
• TANZANIA A POOR COUNTRY
• In 2001 the GNP per capita was $ 246 and
per capita GDP was US $ 251.
• Thus initiatives for Economic Growth and
Reduction of Poverty imperative.
• Tanzania embraced international
strategies e.g. the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGS),
POVERTY REDUCTION CONT.
• Designed national Strategies and
Programs for Economic Development e.g.
- the Tanzania Development Vision
2025
- National Strategy for Growth and
Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP), and
- the National Poverty Eradication
Strategy(NEPES)2010
IMPORTANCE OF LAND
• Land is the mainstay of economy in Tanzania
• 80% of population who live in rural Tanzania
depend on agriculture for their livelihood and
occupy 70% of the land.
• 35m population also depend on agriculture for
food while some industries depend on
agricultural produce
• Agriculture contributes 45% to the country’s
GNP and about 60% of foreign exchange.
LAND POLICY
• National Land Policy 1995 the first
comprehensive land policy designed to govern
land tenure, land use management and
administration and to provide land conflict
resolution mechanism.
• The Policy reiterated and retained four tenents
that;
- land is publicly owned and vested in the
President as a trustee on behalf of all
citizens;
LAND POLICY CONT.
- speculation in land to be controlled;
- recognition of right of occupancy both
statutory and customary;
- rights to land dependents on effective use
and occupation.
Objectives of the policy;
• Promote and enhance land tenure
security especially customary rights,
• Promote equitable distribution of land by
all citizens,
• Encourage optimum use of land
resources to facilitate broad-based social
and economic development,
LAND POLICY CONT.
• Protect land degradation for sustainable
development,
• Provide land related services efficiently
and effectively.
TENURE SYSTEM
• RIGHT OF OCCUPANCY DIVIDED INTO:
- Customary Right of Occupancy
- Granted Right Of Occupancy
• NATIONAL LAND POLICY AND THE LAND
ACTS OF 1999 DECLARED BOTH SYSTEMS
AT PAR
• ALL LAND IS PUBLIC LAND VESTED IN THE
PRESIDENT ON BEHALF OF ALL CITIZEN.
FORMALISATION
• Formalisation is the legalisation of
unregistered and legally unrecognised
property. Formalisation of customary land
tenure involves adjudication, demarcation,
registration, titling and a conflict resolution
mechanism.( Part of the Property and
Business Formalization Program)
FORMALISATION CONT.
• Prerequisites:
- establishment of district and village
registries.
- village issued with Certificate of Village
Title by the Commissioner of Lands
ADVANTAGES OF
FORMALISATION
• Formalisation of land tenure is expected
to; - Increase security of tenure,
- Increased confidence to invest,
- Make land collateral for credits
- Increase investment on land and thus
get more produce
- create employment opportunities.
contribute to reduction of poverty.
THE PROCESS
• After establishment of district and village
registries a holder of customary land right can
apply to the village Council for a Certificate of
Customary Title
• Village Council adjudicates the land and
presents its recommendations to the Village
Assembly.
• If successful the applicant demarcates the land
and the titles is prepared and registered at the
village and the district registries.
ISSUANCE OF CCT
CHALLENGES
• Lack of capacity to speed up
establishment of the framework for
formalisation
• Lack of awareness of the land policy and
laws
• Traditional customs and practices in
respect of dispositions die hard.
Challenges cont.
• Delay in enactment of general inheritance
law to decree discrimination of women in
inheritance of land
• Lack of a financial institution established to
extend credits to farmers and reluctance of
other Banks to offer loans on customary
land holding.
• Dispute settling machinery weak.
• Unharmonized land related laws
WAY FORWARD
• To continue to mobilise financial, technical
and human resources for funds for
implementation of the Land Acts
• To disseminate information and carry out
public awareness campaign on land policy
and legislations.
• To sensitise stakeholders to be more pro –
active in implementing the Land Acts.
WAY FORWARDS CONT.
• To sensitize financial institutions to accept
Certificate of Customary Title as collateral.
• To remind the Government on making
decision on mortgage finance facility.
• To harmonize land related laws
GRATITUDES
THANK YOU ALL FOR
LENDING ME YOUR
EARS