Transcript STAR Testing - Mr. Stern's Virtual Classroom

STAR Testing
Science Review
4th and 5th Grade Standards
4th Grade Standards
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Life Sciences
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All organisms need energy & matter to live and
grow.
Living organisms depend on one another for
survival.
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Physical Sciences - Electricity and Magnetism
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Earth Sciences
Waves, wind, water, and ice shape and reshape
the Earth’s land surface.
4th Grade Life Science:
All organisms need energy and matter to live and grow.
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Plants are the primary source of
matter and energy.
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Plants take energy from the sun, water,
and carbon dioxide, and by the process
of photosynthesis, they make food,
oxygen and energy.
4th Grade Life Science:
All organisms need energy and matter to live and grow.

Primary consumers eat plants

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Herbivores (first level consumers) are
animals that eat plants
Second and third level consumers
are animals that eat other animals
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Carnivores
4th Grade Life Science:
All organisms need energy and matter to live and grow.
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Decomposers recycle matter from
dead plants and animals
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Break down dead plants and animals
(example: termites)
Most microorganisms, including
bacteria, are harmless
to humans.
4th Grade Life Science:
All organisms need energy and matter to live and grow.
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Competition
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Sharing Resources
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Organisms may compete for food,
water, sunlight, and shelter.
Many different organisms can use the
same resource at the same time.
Symbiosis
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A mutually beneficial relationship
between different kinds of organisms.
4th Grade Life Science:
All organisms need energy and matter to live and grow.
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Adaptations

How are desert organisms adapted to a
dry climate?
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Desert plants and animals have special
adaptations that allow them to survive in
a harsh environment.
4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism
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Electricity
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How to design and build a series and
parallel circuit
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A series circuit only has one path for
moving charges; when the path is broken,
the energy can’t flow.
A parallel circuit has two or more paths for
moving charges.
4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism

Electricity

Electrical energy can be converted to
heat, light, and motion
The heat given off when something is
plugged in
 Flashlights
 Fans

4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism

Electricity

Electrically charged objects
attract or repel each other
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2 balloons rubbed with
a piece of wool will have
the same (like)
electrical charge.
The balloons will move
away from each other
because like charges
repel each other
4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism

Magnetism
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The space near a
magnet where
magnetic forces act
is called the
magnetic field
Magnets have
opposite poles at
each end, and
unlike poles attract;
like poles repel
4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism

Magnetism:
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How to create a simple compass
and how to use it.
A needle or some other wirelike piece of steel (a straight
paper clip, for example)
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The
Something small that floats (a
piece of cork, the bottom of a
Styrofoam coffee cup, a piece
of plastic or a milk jug cap)
A dish, like a pie plate, 9 to 12”
in diameter, with about an inch
of water in it
first step is to turn the needle into a magnet. The easiest
way to do this is with another magnet -- stroke the magnet along
the needle 10 or 20 times.
4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism

Magnetism:
Place your float in the middle of your dish of water as shown below.
The "float on water" technique is an easy way to create a nearly
frictionless bearing. Center your magnetic needle on the float. It
very slowly will point toward north. You have created a compass!
4th Grade Physical Science:
Electricity and Magnetism
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Magnetism:
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Electromagnetism
 Wires carrying an electric current become
magnets.
 An electromagnet is a core wrapped with
wires that carry current.
 The ends of the electromagnet are magnetic
only when there is current in the wire.
 Generators use electromagnets to produce
current (electricity) from motion.
 Motors use electromagnets to convert
electricity to motion.
Earth Science:
Rocks and Minerals
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Mohs’ hardness scale
 1 is the softest (talc)
 10 is the hardest
(diamond)
 Everything else is in
between them.
Seashells can be found
within sedimentary rock.
Scientists only use
hardness, luster, and
streak when classifying
minerals.
Earth Science:
Waves, wind, water, and ice shape and
reshape Earth’s land surface

Erosion is the process
that picks up sediment
and moves it around.
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Moving water erodes
landforms, reshaping
the land
Deposition is the
process that leaves
sediment in a different
place.
Remains or traces of
past life found in the
crust are called fossils.
5th Life Science
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Plants and animals have structures
for respiration, digestion, waste
disposal, and transport of materials.
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Plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) and
energy from sunlight to build molecules
of sugar and release oxygen

cells break down sugar to obtain energy,
a process resulting in carbon dioxide
(CO2) and water (respiration).
5th Life Science

Plants and animals have structures
for respiration, digestion, waste
disposal, and transport of materials.
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There are two ways in which materials
can get in and out of the cells.
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Passive transport: doesn’t require energy,
water can go in and out of the cells by
osmosis.
Water diffuses in and out of the cell
Diffusion is when molecules move from an
area of high concentration to an area of less
concentration. (example: egg and vinegar)
5th Life Science
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Animals have structures
for respiration, digestion,
waste disposal, and
transport of materials.
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Respiration: Is the
process in which
organism get the oxygen
they need and release
carbon dioxide.
Organisms break down
sugars to obtain energy
they need.
5th Life Science
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Animals have structures for
respiration, digestion, waste
disposal, and transport of
materials.
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Circulatory system:
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Blood circulates through the
heart, lungs and body
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Oxygenated blood is taken to
the heart from the lungs by
the pulmonary vein
The heart pumps the blood to
the body. Arteries take blood
to all the cells in your body.
Vein bring back blood to the
heart. Blood has waste
material (carbon dioxide)
The pulmonary arteries take
blood back to the lungs.
5th Life Science
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Animals have
structures for
respiration, digestion,
waste disposal, and
transport of materials.
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The excretory system
is in charge of the
liquid waste disposal

The kidney is the
organ that is in
charge of removing
cellular waste from
the blood.
5th Life Science

Animals have structures for
respiration, digestion, waste
disposal, and transport of
materials.
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In the digestive system food
is broken down and digested
to be used as energy
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The process starts in the
mouth where food is broken
down by saliva, then it
transported to the stomach by
the esophagus.
In the stomach food continues
to brake down by digestive
juices.
In the small intestine the
nutrients are absorbed.
The remains are then sent to
the large intestine where
waste is disposed and water is
absorbed.
5th Grade Physical Science
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Elements and their combinations account
for all the varied types of matter in the
world
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Matter has three states: Solid, liquid and gas
 gaseous substances can change both shape
and volume
 water changes from a solid to a liquid when
ice is freezing
 water changes from a liquid to a gas when it
is boiling
All matter is made out atoms
5th Grade Physical Science

Elements and their combinations
account for all the varied types of
matter in the world
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All matter is made out atoms
Atoms  can NOT be reduced chemically
into anything smaller
 Atoms  can be rearranged in a chemical
reaction
 Atoms can NOT “go away” or “just
appear”
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5th Grade Physical Science

Elements and their combinations account for all the
varied types of matter in the world
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Salt
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Mixtures
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can be dissolved in water
combining an acid and a base forms water and a salt
Combination of 2 or more substances that do NOT chemically
bond with each other
Compounds
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two or more elements together (think compound word or
rearranging letters in the alphabet)
the variety of compounds in the human body are formed as
the 6 elements that are used as the “building blocks” / the
atoms are organized to form different molecules
5th Grade Physical Science

Elements and their combinations
account for all the varied types of
matter in the world

Elements
Are made of just one kind of atoms
 The Periodic Table contain elements with
similar chemical properties
 single elements are listed on the table
 steel is a mixture of two elements on the
table/aka alloy
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5th Grade Earth Science
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Water on Earth moves between the oceans and land
through the processes of evaporation and
condensation.
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Water vapor must cool and condense around dust particles for
clouds to form
Rain falls when water droplets grow large enough to fall to
the ground
Most of the water on Earth is in the oceans and, therefore, is
saltwater
Water condenses in clouds. The condensed water then forms
raindrops, which fall back to Earth as precipitation.
Drinking water can be stored in reservoirs for year-round
As water evaporates, the salt is left behind. Because the lake
is smaller than the ocean, similar evaporation rates would
leave significantly less water in the lake, making it saltier.
Earth Science: The Water Cycle
Earth Science: Weather/Air Pressure
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Air pressure decreases as the
distance from Earth’s surface
increases
Uneven heating of Earth causes
winds
Weather maps are used to make
predictions over a short time
period
Heat from the warm water
provides energy for a hurricane
to develop and moist air
conditions are also necessary
Atmospheric pressure decreases
as an object moves away from
the surface of Earth. (example:
a weather balloon released rises
into the air & gets bigger, as the
gas inside expands