Transcript SPSS 16 - CSSCR Home Page

SPSS 16 for Windows
A Course for Beginners
Consultant: Betty Zou
7/21/2015
(CSSCR)
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Topics Covered
 Getting Started
 Entering Data
 Analyzing Data (for beginners)
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Frequencies
Descriptives
Explore
Crosstabs
Sorting Data
Selecting Cases
Recoding Data
Chart Builder
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Getting Started (1)
At CSSCR, you can find SPSS 16 on the desktop
Compatibility:
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SPSS 16
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SPSS 13 and 16 are
mutually compatible
SPSS 13
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But some
graphs/charts saved
on SPSS 16 will not
open on SPSS 13
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Getting Started (2)
Two windows
Data editor window
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Output viewer window
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Getting Started (3)
Data View
Variables
Toolbar
Cases
Data View
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Getting Started (4)
Variable View
Variable Characteristics
Variables
Variable View
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Entering Data (1)
Name and type of variables
Set the characteristics
of your variables
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Type the name of the
variable
Choose the type of
variable
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Automatically set
on numeric, enter
numbers only
String allows you
to enter characters
Specify the width
and decimals
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Entering Data (2)
Variable label and value label
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Give your variables a descriptive label
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Insert value labels
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1.00 = Male
2.00 = Female
Value labels will appear in output window
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Entering Data (3)
Missing Values
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Specify any missing values
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Describe under value labels
99 = Respondent refused to answer
999 = Question did not apply
Important to flag for special treatment
or excluded from calculations
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Entering Data (4)
Variable Measurement
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3 kinds of measurement
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Nominal and Ordinal: Data can
be string or numeric, and are
treated as categorical
Scale: Data must be numeric
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Entering Data (5)
Enter your data in Data View
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Notice the
variable
names are
at the top
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Click the value labels
button to change
between the number
and the label
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Descriptive Statistics
 The sample dataset we will use: world95.sav
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File > open > data
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c:/program files/SPSSInc/SPSS16/Samples/world95.sav
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Available on the computers at CSSCR
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Frequencies (1)
 You want to know the number of people/cases that gave
the same response
 Example: How
many countries
are Catholic?
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Analyze >
Descriptive
Statistics >
Frequencies
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Frequencies (2)
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A pop-up
window will
show
variables on
the left
column
Choose the
variable you
want
(religion)
Click the
arrow to put it
in the
Variables box
Click OK
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Frequencies (3)
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The frequency table shows up in the Output Viewer
Frequency Table
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Frequency: 41
countries are Catholic
Percent: Includes the
missing response,
37.6% are Catholic
Valid Percent: Does
not include the missing
response, 38% are
Catholic
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A Note on the Output Viewer
The output viewer
saves and prints as a
separate document
from the data editor.
Outline pane: Helps
manage the output
contents. Click on any
icon to go there in your
viewer.
Double click titles or
tables to edit them.
You can also copy and
cut any item.
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Descriptives (1)
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You want to know the mean, standard deviation, minimum,
maximum, etc…
Variables should be scale and can be meaningfully measured
Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Descriptives
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Descriptives (2)
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Choose “gdp_cap” for Gross Domestic Product
Click the arrow to bring it to the variables box
Click “Options” to choose the calculations you want
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Descriptives Table in Output Viewer
Number of cases/economic
regions
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Descriptive table
shows up in the
Output Viewer
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Shows you the
Min., Max., Mean
GDP of all
economic regions
surveyed
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The world’s
mean GDP is
$5,859.98
Standard deviation
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Explore
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You want to know the mean, minimum, standard deviation, etc. of
each region
Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Explore
Enter “gdp_cap” into Dependent List
Enter “region” into Factor List
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Explore Table in Output Viewer
Gives you the
statistic in
each region
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Crosstabs (1)
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You want to compare the number or percentage of respondents within
subcategories
Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Crosstabs
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Choose the
variables you want
to appear in the
rows and columns
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Under “Cells” you
can choose to see
the percentages
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We will look at the
predominant
religion in each
region of the world
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Crosstabs (2)
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Click “Statistics”
Choose the calculations you want
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Crosstabs in Output Viewer
In Pacific Asia, 1 country,
2.4 % is Catholic, and 5
countries, 18.5% are
Muslim.
Gives you the statistics
previously chosen
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Sorting Data (1)
 Sort Cases
 Cases are
sorted by the
variable, like
country name
 Choose the
variable you
want to sort by
 Click ascending
or descending
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Sorting Data (2)
 Sort Variables
 Same process
 Data > sort
variables
 Choose by which
variable
characteristic you
want to sort
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Selecting Cases (1)
 You want to select out
certain cases to look at
them more closely
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For example, you want to
only analyze countries that
have GDP per capital less
than or equal to 6000
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Go to: Data > Select cases
Click: If condition is
satisfied
Click: If…
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Selecting Cases (2)
 In the If window
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Find the variable
“gdp_cap”
Click arrow
gdp_cap <= 6000
 Notice the symbols
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+ , < , > , <= ,
>= , & , | (or)
and etc…
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Select Cases (3)
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In Data View
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Cases with a per capital
GDP greater than 6000
are filtered out
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There is a new variable
that shows the filter
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In the future, use this
variable as a shortcut
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Select Cases (4)
 Turn off the filter
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Data > Select cases
Click “All cases”
Notice the “If” button is
turned off
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Recoding Data (1)
 Recode gdp_cap into
low, medium, high
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Transform > Recode
into Different Variables
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Find “gdp_cap” variable
Click into box
Give a new name
Click change
Click Old and New
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Recoding Data (2)
 Old and New Values Window
Step 2: Type
new value 1
Step 3: Click
Add
Step 4: Choose
range for middle
range, value 2
Step 1: Choose the
range of value for
category 1
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Step 5: Do the
same for highest
range, value 3
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Recoding Data (3)
Set value
labels for the
new variable
1 = Low
A new
variable
appears
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2 = Medium
3 = High
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Recoding Data (4)
 Analyze the new variable
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Chart Builder (1)
 Toolbar
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Graphs > chart
builder
Chart builder window
1. Choose the kind
of graph you
want
2. Click & drag the
graph into the
above window
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Chart Builder (2)
3. Choose
the
variable
5. Choose the
statistic
you want
4. Click &
drag it
into the
x-axis
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6. Remember
to click
“Apply”
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Some Graphs
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Chart Editor
 Output View
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Double click
graph
Chart editor
will pop up
 Edit graph
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Double click
anywhere on
graph to edit
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