Transcript Technology, Globalization and Social Development

Technology, Globalization
and Social Development
GE 301 Science,
Technology and
Society
Ahmet S Ucer
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Program of this year
• Technology, Globalization and Social
Development (7 October 2008)
• Knowledge Society and Human
Wellbeing (21 October 2008)
• Converging Technologies and Society
(4 November 2008)
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Contents
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History
New world order!
Socio-economic system
Globalization
Innovation and creative destruction
Globalization and Ethics
Social development and globalization
Conclusions
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History
• Hunting – Gathering to Agricultural Revolution
(religion) ~9000 years ago
• First ethical values and religious believes
converge as city states start to form
FAIR ?
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History
• The Renaissance (rebirth); 14th century - 17th
century.
• intellectual consequence of renaissance
reformist movements Marten Luther (1517),
• Protestant reformation,
• Secular thinking
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History
• Scientific Revolution, 1542,
Copernicus
• Eventually resulted in
Enlightenment. (French: Siècle
des Lumières) Age of reason.
Enlightenment Philosophy was
put forward in the 18 century
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History
• The first indications of industrial revolution
came with the French revolution in 1789, class
distinction
• Why in Europe?
• Why started in Britain?
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History
• strengthen international ties
• Free movement of capital
• Multinational corporations set up several bases
around the world.
• Information revolution (globalization)
• 100 years ago was not too different than today!
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The two mechanisms
• Soviet union collapsed in 1991 (end of cold war)
• Unprecedented leap of information and
communication technologies
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New world order!
• Struggle between ideologies is largely at an end
(Francis Fukuyama,1989, End of History)
• New struggle is between cultures (Samuel
Huntington, 1993, Clash of Civilizations)
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The socio-economic system
• Traditional
– deriving engine:
• competition for profit
• competition for Individual satisfaction
• New
– Tooled by ICT
• New productivity sources
• Organizational forms
• GLOBAL economy
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Globalization
• Multi-dimensional
– Political
– Economical
– Cultural
• Non-linear
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A Strategic tool (ICT)
• The entire planet is organized around
communication networks
• Present day globalization builds on falling
communication costs
• Previously it was depending on falling
transportation costs
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Innovation
the process of making improvements by introducing
something new
• Human resources
• System
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Creative destruction
(J Schumpeter)
• 1942 Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
• The urge of innovation destroys existing
enterprises yielding new ones
• What about entrepreneurs?
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The new society and productive
source
• Information (knowledge) society - information
and knowledge
• Industrial society - energy and raw material
• Agricultural society - Farming land
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Globalization and Ethics
• Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” was relying on honesty,
thrust and respect.
• Deregulation and neo-liberalism led to short term vision
and a lack of ethical standards
• Personal to national to global ethics
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Global warming
inviolability of national sovereignty
WTO and trade
Foreign Aid
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David Singer
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Technology and Globalization
Substitution and Dematerialization
• Examples of Substitution and dematerialization
– Copper
– Oil
– Cane and sugar beat
R K Schaeffer, Globalization and Technology, Phi Kappa Phi Forum
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4026/is_200310/ai_n9316427
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http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm
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http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm
Per capita GDP correct measure?
• GDP Inc. but standards of living
Dec. due to degraded environment
• Cannot sustain development by
borrowing
• GDP measures what is produced in
the country. Not the income of
citizens
Joseph Stiglitz
Making Globalization Work Joseph E. Stiglitz , 2006
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Social Development and Globalization
Consumption and Production
• Relationship of consumption
– Inequality
– Polarization
– Poverty
– Misery
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Social Development and Globalization
• Relationships of production (how people earn
money)
– Globalization of job market
– Individualization of labor
– Over-exploitation
– Social exclusion
– income generation in the criminal economy
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Informational Capitalism and Social
crises
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Flexibility and global reach
Education quality
Elimination of traditional agriculture -rural exodus
Informal economic growth, welfare state come
under attack
• The forth world
http://menntun.khi.is/sigurjon/IT%20Global%20CASTELLS.pdf
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Conclusion
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(redefining social development)
ICT should empower humankind to enhance
production
Educated labor force is the main source of
productivity
Educated labor need multidimensional
improvement in quality of life.
Welfare states, with less
bureaucracy will be the
source of productivity
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Social development
Conclusion
cultural development
innovation
economic development
institutional stability and trust
http://menntun.khi.is/sigurjon/IT%20Global%20CASTELLS.pdf
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Conclusion
THIS MODEL WILL REQUIRE:
• Massive technological upgrading of countries
• Dramatic investment in the education system
• Worldwide network of science and technology
NEEDS SCIENTIFIC THINKING , THE USE OF HUMAN INTELLECT and
GLOBAL ETHICS
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