Transcript CERCETARE ŞTIINŢIFICĂ

“Conditions of transition of
Moldova’s economy to
knowledge-based economy”
International Conference “Scientific and
Technological Innovation:
National Experience and International
Cooperation”
20TH May 2010, Baku
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
1
General country overview
 Area:
 Population:
 Capital:
33,800 km2
3.58 million
Chisinau -
717,000 citizens
 National Legislature:
Unicameral assembly
 National currency:
Moldovan Leu (MDL)
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
2
The major condition for RM to
pass to the new economy,
based on knowledge is
innovations model economic development:
transforming
innovations
and
innovation
activity into the major
social-economic
development factor of Republic of Moldova
It assumes as practical realization of the complex
approach to creation of innovative structures,
and mechanisms of interaction of science,
formation, small innovative business, the large
industrial corporations, and corresponding
financial institutions.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
3
European integration is the main
concern for the development of
the countries, as
for the scientific and innovation policy convoluted for RM is
considered the situation of EU member states innovation
policy, stated in "Lisbon strategy", approved by the
European Council in March 2000 and reconsidered in 2005
year under the name of "Lisbon Strategy of Economic
Growth and Employment"
This document established the strategic purposes of
development of economy of EU for the term of 10 years,
providing creation of the dynamical and steady economy
which are based on knowledge, necessary for
improvement of working conditions, accelerations of a
social unification and defines innovative activity as a factor
that directly defines competitiveness maintenance at all
levels: the enterprise, sector, region or the country.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
4
Middle of 21st century
Creation of new technologies
Transition to scientific-technical
revolution
KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
5
The state innovative policy in Republic
of Moldova is directed on maintenance of
steady socially economic development and
high national competitiveness
Economic
aim
of
innovation
policy is to fulfill internal market with high
technological products for the international
level with very new elements for the
products global standards
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
6
Final purpose of innovation
activity development on RM
territory
creation of a entire national innovation system
(mechanism) for innovation directing – correlated
combinations of the innovation creation field, its
trade
distributions, duplications within the
production sphere that will be based on:
 The establishment of an adequate economic and
law environment;
 The
construction
of
entire
innovation
infrastructure;
 The performance of state mechanisms for the
scientific ideas and co-acting for its trading
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
7
Change of economy of Moldova into an
innovative way of development is accepted
at the state level as a strategic direction of
development of the country and it is
reflected in following documents:



20 may 2010
The Code of Republic Moldova on sciences
and innovations No. 259-XV, July, 15th, 2004;
The program of social-economic development
of RM for a medium-term period (2008–2011
years);
The National Strategy of Innovative Development of
Moldova for the period 2008-2011 years
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
8
 After the adoption of the Republic of Moldova
Code of Science and Innovations, in 2004,
Academy of Sciences of Moldova (ASM) misplaced
its old role and became the real manager of all
science pound, as well as those of competence,
under the Agreement on partnership with
government, handed over to the Academy of
Sciences.
 Some foreign experts compare the ASM with the
Ministry of Science, or even the National Science
Foundation.
 ASM organizes and coordinates the research work
using the experience, that is, those research
schools, which have been established for decades.
 By direction of the scientific schools are done
studies and the results are transmitted for
implementing through the Agency for the
implementation of innovation and technology
transfer (AITT).
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
9
 Under the "Code of the Republic of Moldova on
science and innovation”., Academy of Sciences
of Moldova became "the only public institution
of national importance in the field of science
and innovation, plenipotentiary coordinator of
scientific and innovation activities, the highest
scientific forum of the country and scientific
consultant for the public authorities of the
Republic of Moldova.“
 It made possible to concentrate efforts and
financial flows for research and innovation area.
In such a relatively small country like Moldova,
this seems to be reasonable and timely.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
10
 But the move led to a need and a number of
other actions. And the first of them - is the reform
of ownership of the Academy of Sciences of
Moldova.
 In this case it was necessary to resolve the
fundamental contradiction between the Academy
of Sciences (which includes in its current form,
all academic and scientific research institutions,
the accreditation of the past and received a
license to engage in this activity) as part of civil
society, governed by democratic means through
the scientific community, and like a public
institution, financed by the state.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
11
Resolving this contradiction made the conclusion of
a special instrument - the Partnership Agreement
between the Government of the Republic of
Moldova and the Academy of Sciences for a term of
4 years
 The bases of this agreement are:
1. The relevant requirements of the "Code",
2. The recognition of science as a strategic national
priority,
3. The definition of science as a driving force for
sustainable development,
4. The need for financial support of scientific
research, promotion of innovation and
technology transfer as defining the conditions for
solving the urgent problems of the country.

20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
12
The General Assembly of the ASM discussed
the strategy, priorities and objectives of
science and innovation for yy. 2011-2014 and
accordingly, it worked out a program for the
scientific community containing 6 strategic
directions, 11 priorities and more than 70
objectives.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
13
The strategic directions for
the next 4 years :
energy efficiency and assurance of energy
security, including the use of renewable sources
of
energy;
nanotechnologies,
industrial
engineering, new materials; biotechnologies in
agriculture, sol fertility and assurance of food
security; biomedicine pharmaceutics, health and
health strengthening; mastering of human,
natural and information resources for sustainable
development.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
14
11 priorities in science and
innovation for the next 4 years:











energy security,
nanotechnologies, multifunctional materials, new substances,
new industrial technologies and engineering products,
assurance of food security,
health strengthening,
environmental security,
continuous education,
knowledge economy,
seismic safety;
information systems and technologies;
mastering cultural heritage, development of constitutional state.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
15
 Related to the mentioned above, the following
main tasks of the ASM was to create
technologies that will raise living standards of
the Republic of Moldova and its security, export
production, sustainable environment, including
ecologically sustainable development of its
territories.
 Solution of this problem is complex. Achieving
the conditions under which the Moldavian
science will effectively influence the economy,
and, consequently, affect the living standards of
each of its citizens was one of the main tasks of
the Academy.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
16
The level of development of any country is
defined currently like the share of scienceintensive technologies from the GDP. This is
extremely important for Moldova that has no
such natural resources, which could allow its
economic existence. And for this it is necessary:
 To
create a network of scientific and
technological innovation of firms providing
legal,
economic,
consulting
and
other
necessary conditions for the innovation
process;
 To define "growth points", that is the choice of
optimal solutions scientific- technological tasks
that could be the subject of a competitive
knowledge-intensive goods;
 Material interest of both science and business
to participate in the innovation process, which
calls for tax breaks for all parties involved in it.
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
17
The science financing
Economical
function
Knowledge function
Socio-cultural function
0,4
% GDP
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
0,9(1,7 -2)
Moldova
>2
18
The science financing
benefit
Commercialization
Expenditures
for elaboration
of new product
expenditures
Basic researches
Applicative
researches
20 may 2010
1-2% GDP
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
19
Dynamics of State Budget
expenditures on science, mln lei
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
20
Dynamics of financing growth of science and
innovations of sphere according to the
Agreement between the Government and ASM
(% from GDP)
0,75
0,8
0,65
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,5
0,35
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,21
0,26
0,1
0
2003
20 may 2010
Baku
2004
2005
Valentina FETINIUC
2006
Moldova
2007
2008
21
The basic programs and actions in the field of
innovative
potential
and
technological
progress maintenance of Moldova include
following directions:
 Creation and promotion of effective attraction mechanisms of




high technologies;
Optimization of science and innovations sphere by creating
scientific clusters, platforms, and also attraction of intellectual
and techno-practical potential for the decision of
corresponding problems of national economy and researches
in sphere of small and average business;
Improvement of scientific institutes techno-material resources;
Improvement of national system scientific researches by
stimulating participation in the main European and
international programs research activity of the organizations
from the field of science and innovations (FP7, EUREKA,
COST, GEANT, CRDF, STCU);
Science and innovations promotion by creation of
scientifically-technological parks and innovative incubators,
and also applications national and foreign researches in
economic
activities
results;
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
22
20 may 2010
Baku
The basic programs and actions in the field of
innovative
potential
and
technological
progress maintenance of Moldova include
following directions:
 The effective organization of science centre and laboratories;
 Introduction in national statistics system of innovative incubators;
 Promotion of financial resources access within the limits of






intensive technological development, especially with the use of
alternative financial tools („angels investors”, „capital seminal”,
micro-credite etc.);
Reforming and development of scientifically-innovative system in all
areas; investments attraction into development of universities which
are more successful in research activity than ASM of RM;
Cooperation of universities and business;
Improvement of statistics by inclusion of real and concrete
parameters of business sphere;
Creation of regional ideas incubators, with attraction of youth there;
Creation of uniform information system with databases about
innovative projects, subjects of innovative activity, condition of
supply and demand in the markets of innovative production;
Development of system ventures financing, creation and
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
23
20 may 2010
Baku
functioning.
Thank you for your attention!
Спасибо за внимание!
Vă mulţumim pentru atenţie!
The Institute of Economy, Finance and Statistics
Republic of Moldova
I. Creanga 45 str.
Tel. +373 22 748736
Fax +373 22 743794
[email protected]
www.iefs.md
20 may 2010
Baku
Valentina FETINIUC
Moldova
24