Transcript 6.02 B ppt
6.00 Understand economics trends and communication. 6.02 Understand economic indicators to recognize economic trends and conditions. 6.02-B Explain the concept of Gross Domestic Product. 5-172 5-173 Define 6.02-B Gross Domestic Product (GDP): ◦ the market value of the goods and services produced BY a country. Personal Consumption Expenditures: ◦ measures household consumption expenditures on gross domestic product. Personal consumption expenditures are far and away the largest and most stable of the four expenditures, averaging about 65 to 70 percent of gross domestic product. Gross Private Domestic Investment: ◦ measuring capital investment expenditures. Gross private domestic investment is expenditures on capital goods to be used for productive activities in the domestic economy that are undertaken by the business sector during a given time period Define Government purchases of goods and services: ◦ Expenditures made by the government sector on final goods and services, or gross domestic product. Government purchases are used to buy the goods and services needed to operate the government (such as administrative salaries) and to provide public goods (including national defense, highway construction). ◦ Government purchases annually account for about 10 to 15 percent of the total or aggregate expenditures on gross domestic product. Net exports of goods and services: the official government measure of net exports with the foreign sector, the difference between exports and imports. ◦ They are positive when exports are greater than imports and negative when exports are less than imports. Define Trade deficit: ◦ importing more than we export Trade surplus: ◦ exporting more than we import Uncounted production: ◦ production not tracked or counted in economic measurements Underground economy: “off the books” Transactions not reported to the government Double counting: ◦ Production shows up two ways in the measurements GDP Identify the categories of goods and services that make up GDP. ◦ Personal Consumption Expenditures – largest component; purchases made by individuals ◦ Gross private domestic Investment – purchases made by businesses ◦ Government purchases of goods and services ◦ Net exports – the balance of imports and exports http://www.quickmba.com/econ/macro/gdp/ Describe problems encountered in calculating GDP. ◦ Getting all production reported Underground economy, uncounted production , double counting, inflation, & the vast amount of information involved GDP Explain the importance of a country's GDP. ◦ one the primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy It represents the total dollar value of all goods and services produced over a specific time period - you can think of it as the size of the economy. http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/199.asp#ixzz1 hBoT3IGy ◦ Supports a higher standard of living ◦ Improves government performance ◦ Helps to resolve domestic economic problems ◦ Helps to develop trading partnerships with other countries GDP • Describe ways to increase GDP. – Invest in infrastructure, enforce laws, lower taxes (usually short-term) • Describe how the government responds to changes in GDP. – Increasing the amount of money in circulation – Spending more on goods & services – Lowering the prime interest rate (rate used by banks) – Decreasing the discount rate for banks where banks borrow from the Federal Reserve – Lowering Taxes – Slow economy = recession – Economy growing too fast = inflation GDP • Describe ways that businesses respond to changes in GDP. – Whether or not to expand – Increase or decrease production – To borrow money – To increase or decrease investments – To hire more employees – To increase or decrease their inventories – To plan, budget, and forecast