Transcript All Epoxies are NOT the Same

“All Epoxies Are Not The Same”
Presented to
Paint Applicator Division
by
Tony Ring
What is Epoxy?
 The epoxide group, also termed as, oxirane or ethoxyline group,
is a 3 member ring containing 2 carbons and an oxygen.
 Epoxy resin is defined as a molecule containing more than one
epoxide group
Bis-A Epoxy
 Most common epoxy resins are Diglycidyl Ethers produced from
a reaction between Epichlorohydrin with Bisphenol A
Epoxy History
 The first commercial attempts to prepare resins from
epichlorohydrin occurred in 1927 in the United States.
 Credit for the first synthesis of Bisphenol A based epoxy resins are
shared by Dr. Pierre Castan of Switzerland and Dr. S.O. Greenlee
in the United States in 1936.
 Hexion, Dow and Huntsman are the largest producers of Epoxy
Resins in the US with many foreign suppliers as well.
Other Epoxy Types
 Other important glycidyl epoxies made from various alcohol
containing compounds
Phenolics: Mono-functional diluents, Bis-F and Novalac Resins
Glycols: Poly-functional diluents and Flexibilizers
Alcohols: Mono-functional diluents
 Another class of epoxies is cycloaliphatic and aliphatic resins. These
are non glycidyl epoxies that are formed by peroxidation of olefinic
double bonds. They are used in UV cured formulations and outdoor
applications. They are a minor segment of the market
Curing Agents
 The epoxy group reacts with various molecules commonly
know as curing agents to form highly cross linked thermoset
polymers
 Common curing agents are:
Amines
Polyamides
Amidoamines
Anhydrides
Lewis Acids
Organic Acids
Phenols
Thiols
Epoxy Reaction
 A typical epoxy amine Reaction is outlined below:
The remaining nitrogen protons continue to react to form the final ridge 3-D Network
Epoxy Properties
Properties of optimally formulated cured epoxy systems
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Low shrinkage
High shear and tensile strength
Will bond to a large verity of substrates
Low level of creep under sustained load
Good thermal resistance
Good electrical insulator
Chemical and solvent resistance
Stiffness
Good gap filling properties
Low or no VOCs present in formulations
Wide formulation latitude possible
Low cost to performance ratio
Property Modifications
There are countless ways epoxy compound’s properties can be
modified by adding various materials, such as:
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Mineral fillers (ex. talc, silica, alumina, etc.)
Flexibilizers
Diluents (functional and external)
Pigments
Thickeners
Accelerators
Adhesion promoters
– Impact modifiers
– Tougheners
Property Modifications (cont)
Modifications are made to:
– Improve performance
• Less rigid and brittle
• Decrease cure time
• Increased peel strength, etc.
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Improve processing convenience
Reduce health hazards
Adjust mix ratios
Reduced cure times and temperature for one part systems
Reduce costs
Epoxy Applications
Epoxy systems are widely used. Several applications areas are:
Aerospace
Electronics (FR-4)
Industrial Assembly
Transportation
Paint Applicators
Composites
Flooring
Filament Winding
Pultrusion
Countertops
Coatings Primers
Secondary Containment
Marine Paints
Can Coatings
Coil Coatings
Carbon And Glass
Composites
Tools, Molds, Dies
Attachment
Motor and Equipment
Mounting
Replace Welds and
Metal Fasteners
Castings
Transformers
Formulating for Performance
 Epoxy adhesives can be formulated to meet the performance
requirements of almost any application
 The key factor is to have the right epoxy for the application at hand
 The formulator must understand the end use, application method
and performance requirements.
 With that knowledge, epoxies can be:
Very rigid or flexible
Fast curing or slow curing
Very hard or soft
Opaque or clear
Very thick or thin
Permanent or temporary
Electrical isolator or conductor
One part or two part
Cured at room temperature,
elevated temperature or with U.V.
Light
Cured underwater
And the list goes on ….
“All Epoxies are NOT the Same”
Question and Answer Period
Fielco Adhesives
1957 Pioneer Rd.
Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006-2503
P: 215-677-8700
F: 215-674-1712
Toll Free: 800-825-7156
E: [email protected]
www.fielco.com
Product Lines
Bondaway
Econoset
Iris ®
Odyssey
Orion ®
Mastergrip
Masterweld
Regency
Surecure ®
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