Transcript ABS - MT KMUTT

ABS
Acrylonitrile butadiene
styrene
Group member
 Kidanon
Phromwong 5310751705
 Atthaporn Achariyacheevin 5310751887
Properties
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ABS is derived from acrylonitrile, butadiene, and
styrene and carbon. Acrylonitrile is a synthetic
monomer produced
from propylene and ammonia; butadiene is a
petroleum hydrocarbon obtained from the C4
fraction of steam cracking; styrene monomer is
made by dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene — a
hydrocarbon obtained in the reaction
of ethylene and benzene.
The advantage of ABS is that this material
combines the strength and rigidity of the
acrylonitrile and styrene polymers with the
toughness of the polybutadiene rubber.
Properties
The most important mechanical properties of ABS are
impact resistance and toughness. A variety of
modifications can be made to improve impact resistance,
toughness, and heat resistance. The impact resistance can
be amplified by increasing the proportions of
polybutadiene in relation to styrene and also acrylonitrile,
although this causes changes in other properties. Impact
resistance does not fall off rapidly at lower temperatures.
Stability under load is excellent with limited loads. Thus,
changing the proportions of its components ABS can be
prepared in different grades. Two major categories could
be ABS for extrusion and ABS for injection moulding, then
high and medium impact resistance. Generally ABS would
have useful characteristics within a temperature range
from 10 to 80 °C (50 to 176 °F).
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Properties
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The final properties will be influenced to some extent by the
conditions under which the material is processed to the
final product. For example, molding at a high temperature
improves the gloss and heat resistance of the product
whereas the highest impact resistance and strength are
obtained by molding at low temperature. Fibers (usually
glass fibers) and additives can be mixed in the resin pellets
to make the final product strong and raise the operating
range to as high as 80 °C (176 °F). Pigments can also be
added, as the raw material original color is translucent ivory
to white. The aging characteristics of the polymers are
largely influenced by the polybutadiene content, and it is
normal to include antioxidants in the composition. Other
factors include exposure to ultraviolet radiation, for which
additives are also available to protect against.
Properties
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Even though ABS plastics are used largely for mechanical purposes,
they also have electrical properties that are fairly constant over a
wide range of frequencies. These properties are little affected by
temperature and atmospheric humidity in the
acceptable operating range of temperatures.
ABS polymers are resistant to aqueous acids, alkalis,
concentrated hydrochloric and phosphoric acids, alcohols and
animal, vegetable and mineral oils, but they are swollen by glacial
acetic acid,carbon tetrachloride and aromatic hydrocarbons and
are attacked by concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids. They are
soluble in esters, ketones, ethylene dichloride and acetone.[4].
While the cost of producing ABS is roughly twice the cost of
producing polystyrene, it is considered superior for its hardness,
gloss, toughness, and electrical insulation properties. ABS is
flammable when it is exposed to high temperatures, such as a
wood fire. It will melt then boil, at which point the vapors burst into
intense, hot flames.
Applications
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The list of applications for ABS is long and continuously
growing. Its light weight and ability to be injection molded
and extruded make it useful in manufacturing products
such as drain-waste-vent (DWV) pipe systems, musical
instruments (recorders and plastic clarinets), golf club
heads (due to its good shock absorbance), automotive
trim components, automotive bumper bars, enclosures for
electrical and electronic assemblies, protective headgear,
whitewater canoes, buffer edging for furniture and joinery
panels, luggage and protective carrying cases, small
kitchen appliances, and toys, including Lego bricks.
ABS plastic ground down to an average diameter of less
than 1 micrometer is used as the colorant in some tattoo
inks. Tattoo inks that use ABS are extremely vivid. This
vividness is the most obvious indicator that the ink contains
ABS, as tattoo inks rarely list their ingredients.
Products from ABS
Products from ABS
Products from ABS
References
 Plastic
Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene
Styrene (ABS) Small table of ABS properties
towards the bottom
 Harper C.A., Handbook of plastic and
elastomers, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1975,
pp. 1-3,1-62, 2-42, 3-1
 www.wikipedia.org