Transcript Last Week of Project

Last Week of Project
Terry A. Ring
Project Schedule
Reactor/HX
• Feed water to shell
• Level Control is required
• Demineralized water
• Tubing sold in 20 ft (6 m) sections
• Costing
• max = 1,000 m^2 tube area (2,300 1 inch
tubes, 1.7 m diameter shell)
• Multiple reactor units
• In parallel to account for larger flow rates
• In series to make it a longer reactor
• Ergun Equation for ΔP
DI Water
Loop Flow
Process Flow Diagram
• Maintain Purge of
Impurities
Syn Gas
Purge Gas
to Fuel
Make-Up Gas
Compressor
• N2
• CH4
• Minimize the Flow
in Loop
• Loop equipment
minimized
• Loop utilities
minimized
Purge
Light-ends
Column
Spec MeOH
Recycle
Heavy-ends
Column
Recycle
Compressor
Methanol
Converters
High-pressure
Separator
CWS
CWR
Low -pressure
Separator
Heavy
Alcohol
Water
Separation System
• Flash 1 – Produce Max Liquids
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Controlled by Temperature at CW HX
Lowest Temp possible with CW is about 120F (58C)
What are you trying to separate???
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Dimethyl either
Some Methyl Formate
• Flash 2 – Max Impurity Removal
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Controlled by Flash Pressure
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Pressure Controller fed back to control valve
Methyl Formate in Vapor
• Flash Unit Sizing
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Partial Condenser
Methyl Formate in Vapor
Bottoms
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Water & all alcohols
• Distillation Column 2
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Methanol at desired purity
Bottoms of Column 2 – water and butanol
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To waste water treatment
Alcohols will kill bugs in city waste water treatment plant
Pressure Vessel
• Distillation Sizing
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Height = 1 ft/ tray, weir height = 2 inches
Diameter
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• Distillation Column 1
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See your book for equations for diameter
L/D=3
Cost
Tray Efficiency use figure
Flooding factor 75-90%
• Distillation Column Costing
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Trays or packing – Table 7.2 in T&S Book
Pressure Vessel – Table 7.2 in T&S Book
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Do not for get heads
Platforms (see lecture notes)
Condenser
Reboiler
Pumps for liquids
Separation Problem
• Components
BP(C)
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CO
CO2
N2
H2
CH4
H2O
100C
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Methanol
Dimethyl ether
Methyl formate
N-Butanol
65C
-24C
32C
117C (n)
• 98C (2-butanol)
HP/LP Flash System
83C(t-butanol)
107C(i-butanol)
Materials of Construction
Process Flow Diagram
Syn Gas
Purge Gas
to Fuel
Make-Up Gas
Compressor
Light-ends
Column
Spec
MeOH
Heavy-ends
Column
Recycle
Compressor
Methanol
Converters
Hot Dry Surfaces = Carbon Steel, tc= ¼ inch
High-pressure
Separator
CWS
Low -pressure
Separator
Heavy
Alcohol
Water wet Surfaces need Stainless Steel, tc=1/16 inch
CWR
Water
P&IDs
• One for each piece of major equipment
• If you need to use multiple Reactors or HX then all units are shown on P&ID
• Information on P&ID
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Sensors with alarms
Control System – type of controller
Control Valve (fail open or closed)
Material Breaks
Safety System
• Active Pressure relief System
• Sensor (alarms), Valves (fail??)
• Mechanical pressure relief backup system
Report
• Content
• See Articles
• Formal Design Report.pdf
• Page Limits (Contest Problem)
• Main Report
• 125 pages or less
• Supplementary Material
• 100 pages or less