Transcript Unit 7: alchols & ethers ppt

Other Organic Compounds(p. 29)
Functional Group
 Atom or group of atoms that give specific properties to
an organic compound.
 Same functional group


Similar properties
Classified together
Alcohols
 Organic compound that contains one or more
hydroxyl group (-OH); the oxygen is bonded to a
hydrogen and a carbon.
 General formula:
R-OH
Naming Alcohols:
 If no number is present in front of the parent name,
presume the –OH is on carbon number 1.
 If 1 –OH group
Drop the “e” on the parent name and add “ol”.
Example:

C-C-C-C-OH
1-butanol
Example
C-C-C-C-C-C-C
OH
3-heptanol
Name:
C
C-C-C-C-C
OH
2-methyl-2-pentanol
Naming alcohols continued
 If two or more –OH groups
 2= -diol
 3=-triol
 4= tetraol
 Keep the –ane, add the appropriate ending listed
above.
Example:
C-OH
C-OH
C-OH
1,2,3-propanetriol
Draw:
1, 2, 4, 5-pentanetetraol
OH
OH
C-C-C-C-C
OH
OH
Ethers
Organic compounds with 2
hydrocarbons bonded to the same
oxygen
General formula: R-O-R’
Where R and R’ can be the same size
or different.
Naming Ethers:
 Arrange the R and R’ groups on
alphabetical order.
Use –yl endings like branches; if R
and R’ are the same, use “di”.
End the name with the word ether.
Name:
C-C-O-C-C-C-C
Butyl ethyl ether
Name:
C-C-C-O-C-C-C
dipropyl ether
Name:
C-C-C-O-C
methyl propyl ether
Draw:
Dicyclohexyl ether
Draw:
Butyl pentyl ether
C-C-C-C-O-C-C-C-C-C
Draw:
methyl phenyl ether
C-O