Transcript Starter - whitburnscience

Starter
1.
2.
3.
4.
Name the 6th member of the alkanes.
Name the 1st member of the alkenes.
Name the 2nd member of the cycloalkanes.
What is the general formula for the
cycloalkanes?
5. What bonding is present in the
cycloalkanes?
6. What is a homologous series?
Alkanols
(Alcohols)
Alcohols
• Look like alkanes but contain a hydroxyl
(OH) group.
• names similar to alkanes but ending in ‘OL’,
and each contains the hydroxyl group, OH,
in place of a hydrogen atom.
e.g. second alcohol is ethanol (C2H5OH)
Shortened structural
formula: CH3CH2OH
Name of
alkanol
Molecular
formula
Methanol CH3OH
Ethanol
C2H5OH
Propanol C3H7OH
Butanol
C4H9OH
Full structural
Formula
Shortened structural
formula
CH3OH
CH3CH2OH
CH3CH2CH2OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
Pentanol C5H11OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Hexanol C6H13OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2O
H
Heptanol C7H15OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
C8H17OH
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Octanol
Naming Alkanols
Rules
1. Longest chain containing OH gives alkane
name (replace e with ol)
2. Number carbon atoms in the chain start
from the end closest to the OH.
3. For chains of 3 or more carbons name the
position of the OH must be given.
4. Any branches must be named and
numbered.
Propan-2-ol
Dehydration of Alkanols
Dehydration= removal of water
Alcohol  equivalent Alkene + water
Butan-1-ol


But-1-ene + water
+
O
H
H