Transcript Bicycle Cell Phone Charger

Harvesting Waste Energy:
Bicycle Power Generation
RIT-MSD-I
Detailed Design Review
Winter/Spring 2011-2012
P12414
Team Members
• Daniel Tobin (ME)
▫ Project Manager
• Amina Purak (ISE)
▫ Facilitator
• Aaron Sieczkarek (ME)
▫ Chief Engineer
• Brenda Lisitano (ME)
• Zheng (Flora) Li (EE)
GUIDE:
Professor Brownell
Design Review Agenda
•P
One Page Project Summary
1. Project Background
People in countries with inadequate infrastructure have an unmet need
for electricity. A bicycle rotation energy harvesting system is a possible
source for creating and storing power.
This system could provide the energy required for light, communication,
or water treatment by converting kinetic energy to electrical energy for
small electronic devices.
2. Problem Statement
Our goal is to transform kinetic energy within a bicycle into an
electric power source intended to charge a cell phone. Our device
is expected to be cheap to build, easy to install, maintain and use.
Customer Requirements
Specifications
Assembly
Motor Selection
Voltage Output Testing on the MIT device
Motor Selection
Voltage Output Testing on the Red Light Dynamo
Motor Selection
Voltage Output Testing on the White Light Dynamo
Circuits Overview
Circuit Diagram for the MIT Device
+
6V Voltage
Regulator
+
12V DC motor
C11
470u
To Cell Phone
-
-
The MIT device uses a 12 V DC motor, a 6V voltage regulator and a 470uF
Capacitor. The circuit diagram is shown above.
The function of this circuit is to stabilize the DC output from the DC motor
and regulate it to a 6V constant output.
Circuits Overview
• The voltage supplied by a USB port is nominally 5V. In practical, the output is
between 4.75V and 5.25V. A constant DC output of 5V is needed for the design.
Non-linear
oscillating voltage
input
Circuit
Constant 5V DC
output
Circuits Overview
• The testing on excising dynamos and products shows that the output of an
AC motor is similar to a sin wave. Assuming that the output from the motor
is a sin wave with 12V amplitude, 100Hz frequency, and 0 V offset. The first
step is to use a Bridge Rectifier to rectify the output voltage. The output
from the rectifier is always positive. The circuit diagram and simulation are
shown below. As we can see, there is a voltage drop of 𝑉𝐷 . 𝑉𝐷 is the diode
voltage.
V+
D5
D6
D1N914
D1N914
D7
D8
D1N914
D1N914
V3
VOFF = 0
VAMPL = 12
FREQ = 100
V
0
V-
The Bridge Rectifier
R5
1k
Circuits Overview
• The second step is stabilize the voltage output in a smaller range then it is
regulated to 5V constant DC output using a voltage regulator. The circuit
diagram and simulations are shown. Capacitor C8 and C9 are used to
additionally stabilize the voltage.
D10
D1N914
D1N914
V4
1
VOFF = 0
VAMPL = 12
FREQ = 100
U3
LM340-5
IN
GND
D9
OUT
2
V
3
V
0
D11
D12
D1N914
D1N914
C7
10u
C8
10u
C9
.1u
0
R6
100k
Circuits Overview
12V
8V
4V
0V
-4V
-8V
-12V
0s
1ms
V(V3:+,V3:-)
2ms
V(D8:2)
3ms
V(D12:2)
4ms
V(R6:2)
5ms
6ms
7ms
8ms
9ms
10ms
11ms
12ms
13ms
14ms
15ms
16ms
17ms
18ms
19ms
20ms
Time
Overall Waveform of the simulations
AC motor
12V AC
Positive
Output
Positive
Output in
Range
5V DC
Cellphone
Circuits Overview
D10
D1N914
D1N914
V4
D11
D12
D1N914
D1N914
D14
D02CZ10
IN
OUT
2
3
1
VOFF = 0
VAMPL = 12
FREQ = 100
U3
LM340-5
GND
D9
C7
10u
0
C8
10u
C9
.1u
R6
100k
0
Additional Zener diode Circuit
As shown in circuit above, a 10V Zener diode is added. The Zener diode
does not affect the function of the circuit. It is used to prevent high
voltage input damage the voltage regulator. It is not necessary if the
output of the motor is always lower than 25V.
Circuits Overview
• At the end, after we get the 5V constant output. The output pins
will connect to a standard A-type USB connector. The pin 1 and 4
will be connected to the positive 5V pin and the ground of the
circuit. The data transfer pins will also be grounded.
• Using the pin out below, all different kinds of USB to cellphone
connectors can be made.
Circuits Overview
• In the design process, we decided to use a DC motor instead of an AC motor
because of the price of the motors. The bridge rectifier is no longer
necessary.
• Assume the 12V DC motor is used in our design. The output from the motor
is approximately 5V DC voltage with ripples. The design shown below is
used to regulate the voltage output.
12V DC motor
GND
IN
OUT
2
1
3
1
U4
LM340-5
C7
10u
C8
10u
C9
.1u
A-type USB
Connector
4
0
Circuit diagram for 12V DC motor
Circuits Overview
Simulation of 12V DC motor with 12V motor output with ripples.
Simulation of 12V DC motor with 8V motor output with ripples.
Circuits Overview
• Assume the waveform below is generated by a person riding for 20s
with two stops.
• According to the simulation, the output of the circuit maintain at 5V
when the motor’s output is between 6V to 12V.
BOM
Selected Parts Specs
Cost/Worth Analysis
Calculations …
Shaft Attachment
Motor Attachment
Box Attachment
RPM Calculation
Risks
Test Plan
Example Test Sheet
Gantt Chart for MSDII
Concerns Next Steps
We Welcome Your
Questions & Feedback