Transcript CoDR - Colorado Space Grant Consortium

Biological Acquisition Unit
Team Members:
Fred Avery
Ny ‘Jaa Bobo
Gene Council
Salvatore Giorgi
Advisors:
Dr. Helferty
Dr. Pillapakkam
Outline of Presentation
• Mission Overview
o
o
o
o
o
Objective
Theory
Background / Previous Research
Biological Analysis
Success Criteria
• Design
o Constraints
o Design Process
o System Architecture
• Electrical System
• Filtration System
o Block Diagram
o Design Compliance
• Management
o Team Members
o Advisors
o Budget Outline
Mission Overview
Objective
• Measure the earth’s magnetic field as a function of
altitude.
• Take biological samples in stratosphere and lower
mesosphere.
• Measure flight dynamics of the rocket.
Theory
• An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an electrical
device consisting of accelerometers and
gyroscopes that are used to measure the rocket’s
flight dynamics (roll, pitch, and yaw).
• The magnetometer will measure the strength and
direction of the earth’s magnetic field.
• The filtration system will collect organic and
inorganic material suspended in the atmosphere.
Background
• In 2006, the European Science Foundation funded
an exploratory workshop on “Microbiological
Meteorology” at the French National Agronomic
Research Institute (INRA) in Avignon.
o Potential roles of micro-organisms
• Act as cloud condensation nuclei and to participate in radiative
forcing.
• Many airborne micro-organisms likely metabolize chemical
components of aerosols thereby modifying atmospheric chemistry.
Previous Research
• In 2008, a study identified bacterial species Bacillus
subtilis, Bacillus endophyticus, and the fungal genus
Penicillium.
• In 2005, a study showed about 25% of the particles
suspended in air in the size range of 0.2 to 50 μm
are primary biological aerosol particles.
Biological Analysis
• DAPI
o DAPI (6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a stain used in fluorescence
microscopy. DAPI passes through cell membranes therefore it can be
used to stain both live and fixed cells.
• BRDU
o Bromodeoxyuridine (5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine, BrdU) is a synthetic
nucleoside that is used for detecting actively dividing cells.
• Genetic Sequencing
o Determines the number of nucleotides in sample’s DNA: adenine,
guanine, cytosine, and thymine
• Scanning Electron Microscope
o Scans the sample and re-generates image to be analyzed, i.e. structural
analysis of microbes
Success Criteria
• Acquire Stratospheric specimen
o Collect a statistically significant sample to compare to
previous studies.
• Amount of samples
• Type of microbes
• IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit)
o Accurately and reliably record data such as:
• Velocity
• Flight Dynamics
• Gravitational Force
• Magnetometer
o Study magnetic field in upper atmosphere.
o Compare experimental magnetic field to actual values .
Design
Constraints
• The weight of the canister must not be more than
20+0.2lbs.
• No power until after takeoff.
• The center of gravity should lie within the 1x1x1 inch
(x, y, z) envelope of the centriod of the payload
canister.
• Maximum height is 4.75 inches and maximum
diameter is 9.3 inches.
• No Lithium rechargeable batteries.
Design Process
Schematics, Module
Placement on Plate
Prepare
Functional Design
Data
Acquisition
Confirm
System
Functionality
Purchase
Materials
Test Separate
Components
Compatibility, functionality,
defects
chipKIT Max 32,
magnetometer, G
Switch, SD card,
SD reader, NPT
valve, filter
canister, filter
paper, IMU
System Architecture
2
9 VOLT
BATTERIES
GSWITCH
MAGNETOMETER
PIC32
MICROCONTROLLER
IMU
Valve for Bio-Filtration
System
2 GB
SD CARD
and READER
KEY
Power
Data
Pic32 ChipKIT Microprocessor
Flash Memory: 512K
RAM Memory: 128K
Operating Voltage: 3.3V
Operating Frequency: 80 MHz
Typical Operating Current: 90 mA
Input Voltage: 7 to 15V
Input Voltage (maximum): 20V
I/O Pins: 83
Analog Inputs: 16
Analog Input Voltage Range: 0V to 3.3V
DC Current Per Pin: +/- 18 mA
Triple Axis Magnetometer HMC584
Power: 2.5 to 3.3 V
Field Range: +/- 4 Gauss
Current: 0.9 mA
Bandwidth: 10 kH
Weight: 50 mg
Atomic IMU - 6 Degrees of Freedom
Triple-axis accelerometer
Sensitivity: 1.5 g, 2 g, 4 g or 6 g
Single axis 300°/s gyroscope
Voltage: 3.4 to 10 V
Current: 24 mA
Bandwidth: 150 Hz (Z axis)
350 Hz (X and Y axis)
Filter System
• Connects to two ports: Static and Dynamic
o Dynamic port draws in samples
o Air flow exits through the static port
• Contains four filters in series
o Filters are decreasing in size from 5 to 0.2 μm
• Filter system terminates with NPT connector at each
end.
Physical System
Design Compliance
• Predicted final mass is 10+0.2 lbs
o IMU, magnetometer, batteries, SD card / reader, and
microprocessor weigh less than 2 lbs
o Projected filtration system weight is less than 2 lbs
o More weight needed
• Payload Activation
o G-switch
• Open circuit until g-switch activation
Management
Team Members
Fred Avery (ME)
•
•
•
Filtration System
Center of gravity testing
Mass Flow Rates
Gene Council (EE)
•
•
Hardware
• Magnetometer
• IMU
Chip programming
Ny ‘Jaa Bobo (EE)
• Hardware
• Magnetometer
• IMU
• Power
Salvatore Giorgi (ECE)
• Team Leader
• Microprocessor
• Data Acquisition
• Filtration System
Advisors
Electrical
Dr. John Helferty
Department of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
Mechanical
Dr. Shriram Pillapakkam
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Biological
Dr. Erik Cordes
Department of Biology
Parts List / Budget
Parts
Manufacture
Cost
Quantity
Payload Canister
-
1
chipKIT Max 32
Microchip
$6,000
$49.50
Magnetometer
Honeywell
$19.95
1
G-Switch
Digikey
$12.95
2
SD card 16 GB
SanDisk
$27.99
1
SD reader
Microchip
$37.99
1
¼” NPT Valve
1
2
Filter canister
Millipore
awaiting quote
4
Filter Paper
Millipore
awaiting quote
4
IMU
Sparkfun
$124.95
1
Conclusion
• Issues
o Integrating filtration system with canister
o Correctly implementing the SD card with the microprocessor
• Concerns
o Transporting samples from Virginia to Pennsylvania
o Properly sterilizing the filtration system
o Shared canister logistics
• Future Plans
o Order microprocessor, IMU, and magnetometer
o Design and build filtration system