Transcript Preventive Maintenance Program

Preventive Maintenance
Preventing System Failure
System Failure

failure that occurs because of a
hardware failure or a severe software
issue. Commonly, a system failure will
cause the system to freeze, reboot,
and/or stop functioning altogether.

Is the prolonged malfunction of a
computer. It may result from loss of
hardware, software, data, or
information.
System Failure

May result from a variety of
causes:
Aging hardware
 Natural disasters
 Random events such as electrical
power variation
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What is PM

Preventive maintenance is a
schedule of planned maintenance
actions aimed at the prevention of
breakdowns and System failures..
Preventive Maintenance Program
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The main goal of any preventive maintenance
program is to pre-empt problems before they
happen.

There are three questions that need to be
addressed when developing a preventive
maintenance program. This means asking when,
why, and how?

When is the best time to prevent problems from
happening?

Why is this maintenance being done now?
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How is this system to be maintained?
Long-term benefits of preventive
maintenance include:
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Improved system reliability.

Decreased cost of replacement.
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Decreased system downtime.
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Better spares inventory management.
Long-term effects and cost comparisons
usually favor preventive maintenance over
performing maintenance actions only when
the system fails.
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Tools and Equipment
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A technician should have a toolbox that contains
the basic tools as shown in the graphic.
A toolkit should also include the following:

Flat-head screwdriver
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Phillips-head screwdriver
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Nut drivers
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Needle-nose pliers
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Diagonals or crosscut pliers
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Mirror to help see in tight
places
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Digital multimeter
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Flashlight
Tools and Equipment
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The toolset should also include a digital
multimeter (DMM).
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A DMM can perform electrical tests and measure
voltage, amps, and ohms in both alternating and
direct current.

A DMM can be used to test power supplies,
DC/AC voltage and polarity, resistance, diodes,
continuity, coaxial cable, fuses, and batteries.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
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Static electricity is the buildup of an electric
charge resting on a surface.

ESD is the worst enemy of the fine electronics
found in computer systems.
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At least 3000 volts must be built up before a
person can feel an ESD. If the discharge causes
pain or makes a noise, then the charge was
probably above 10,000 volts.
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Most computer chips run on less than five volts
of electricity.
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A computer component could be damaged by less
than 3000 volts of static buildup.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
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Special packing materials are used with
microchips and Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs).
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Do not remove any component from special
packaging until it is ready to be installed.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
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When working on a computer or the individual
components, some tools should be used to
reduce the risk of ESD.
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A grounding wrist strap provides a place for the
static to go before it attacks a sensitive computer
component.
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Note: A wrist strap should not be worn when
working with high-voltage equipment, such as a
power supply or a CRT monitor.
Wrist Strap
Cleaning Peripheral Devices
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When cleaning a display (monitor), make sure the
device is unplugged from the wall.

Use a damp cloth with a mild detergent to wipe
down the entire display unit and remove any dust
buildup.
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Dampen another cloth with water to remove any
cleaner residue on the surface of the monitor.
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After cleaning the display, use a dry cloth to
complete the job.
Cleaning Peripheral Devices
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A mechanical mouse may not function properly if
it becomes dirty.
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When dust settles on the mouse pad, it gets swept
up into the moving parts of the mouse.
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This causes a buildup on the rollers inside the
mouse.
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The fastest way to clean it is to remove the plate
on the bottom of the mouse, remove the ball, and
then gently scrape the dust buildup from the
rollers.
Cleaning Peripheral Devices
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Keyboards are also exposed to the environment,
which allows dust to build up on the keyboard
over time.
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Periodic cleaning of the keyboard will prolong
the lifespan and prevent malfunction.
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The keys on a keyboard can be removed to allows
easy access to the areas where dust collects.
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A soft brush or cotton swab can be used to
remove dirt from under the keys.
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Compressed air can be used to blow out dust
from below the keys.
Cleaning Peripheral Devices
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Printers have many moving parts within them.
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They require a higher level of maintenance.
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Printers also produce impurities that collect on
the components within the device.
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Over time, these impurities need
to be cleaned out.
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Otherwise, they may cause the
printer to malfunction.
Utilities
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There are several utilities included with DOS and
Windows that help maintain system integrity.
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If used on a regular basis, the following utilities
can increase system speed and efficiency.
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ScanDisk – This utility is used to check the integrity of
files and folders or to thoroughly check the system
by scanning the disk for physical errors.
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Defrag – This utility optimizes space on the hard drive
to allow programs to execute faster.
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CHKDSK /f – This command is used to check the file
system for errors and can be compared to the
ScanDisk for Windows 2000 and XP.
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REGEDIT – provides access to the Registry in a view
similar to Windows Explorer.
User Responsibilities
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There are a few things that the end user of a
computer can do in order to make the system work
properly.
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Using the system utilities are one way of making a
system run smoother.
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Managing applications
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Managing files and folders
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Backing up the work
Firewalls
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Security breaches on a home computer may allow
a hacker to steal stored data or use the
computer to hack into other computers.
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A home firewall can be used to prevent hacker
attacks on a home computer.
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A firewall is a hardware or software system that
is used to prevent unauthorized people from
accessing sensitive data.
Firewalls
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A typical home firewall system also includes the
following features:
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Closes the broadband connection after
detecting any attempts to hack into a digital
appliance
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Allows different family members to set their own
levels of security
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Records all broadband Internet access events
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All data, video, and voice traffic between these
two networks is examined by the firewall.
Firewalls
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After installing a firewall, certain ports will
need to be opened to use e-mail and the Internet.
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SMTP uses port 25 and POP uses port 110 to
transmit and receive e-mail.
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Port 80 will also need to be opened for HTTP, the
standard protocol that supports the exchange
of information on the World Wide Web.
Firewalls
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Windows XP has a built in firewall called Internet
Connection Firewall (ICF)
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ICF is a software component that blocks
unsolicited traffic from the Internet.
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ICF monitors all the outbound and
inbound communications of a computer.
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If ICF does not recognize a packet being
sent or received, the packet is dropped.
Power Issues
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Computers components are vulnerable to various
kinds electrical fluctuations and can be damaged
by electrical discharges because of the delicate
nature of the internal components.
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Blackouts, brownouts, noise, spikes, and surges
are all examples of power interruptions that can
cause system malfunctions or even complete
system failure.
Power Issues

Computers components are vulnerable to various
kinds electrical fluctuations and can be damaged
by electrical discharges because of the delicate
nature of the internal components.

Blackouts, brownouts, noise, spikes, and surges
are all examples of power interruptions that can
cause system malfunctions or even complete
system failure.
Power Issues
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Blackouts – Blackouts are the complete loss of
power for any amount of time
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Brownouts/Sags – Sags and brownouts are a
drop in power
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A sag is a brownout that lasts less than a second.
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Brownouts occur when voltage on the power line
falls below 80 percent of the normal voltage.
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Noise – Noise is caused by interference from
radio broadcasts, generators, and lighting.
Power Issues
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Spikes – Spikes are sudden increases in voltage
that are much higher than normal levels. If the
event lasts one or two seconds, it is called a
spike. These are usually caused by lightning
strikes.
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Power Surge – Is a dramatic increase in voltage
above the normal flow of electrical current.
SURGE PROTECTOR
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All computers have some surge
protection built in, but this
protection is not always enough.
External surge protectors come
in the form of a unit that plugs
into the wall, with outlets for
several electrical plugs.
However, not all outlet bars have
surge protection.
Surge Suppressors
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Surge suppressors, also known as surge
protectors can help guard against electrical
surges and spikes.
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A surge suppressor works by diverting the extra
voltage to the ground.
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A surge suppressor is useless during brownouts
or blackouts.
Uninterruptible Power Supplies
•A UPS runs off the battery power the entire time it is in use.
•A UPS can help guard against power sags or brownouts.
UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER
SUPPLY / UPS
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A UPS is not necessary on most
computer systems, but can be
important on systems that need to
be up 24 hours a day, such as
servers.
Surge Suppressors
Uninterruptible Power Supply
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ANY QUESTIONS?
Please read Chapters
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See you next class!!!